2. COURSE CODE 622
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MANAGEMENT
UNIT 1
ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION
BY
MUHAMMAD MASOOD UR REHMAN
3. OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, it is expected that the prospective teachers of elementary teachereducation will be able
to:
• 1. Define the term “organization, school organization, and administration” in their
• own words.
• 2. Support the need and scope of school organization in elementary schools.
• 3. Explain the characteristic of school organization and school administration.
• 4. Describe elements of school organization.
• 5. Explain the connection between school and home.
• 6. Explain relationship between school and the community.
4. SCHOOL ORGANIZATION AND
ADMINISTRATION
• School is set up by the society with a large number of objectives which are of
a very important nature
• building up of the society which builds school.
• developing
• the future citizens is entrusted to the schools
• As a future citizen the child enjoys certain rights and obligations.
5. RIGHTS OF THE CHILDREN
1. Right to a satisfactory, and up to date, education.
2.Right to an educational programme that bridges the gap between home and school, and between school
and future life.
3. Right to schooling under healthy conditions.
4. Right to get for his educational needs the required funds from the resources of community, state and
nation.
5. Right to educational service and guidance during the entire year throughout the period of his education.
6. CONTINUE:-
6. The child has the right to teachers, supervisors and administrators who understand
him and who are educated to deal effectively with his needs and problems.
7. Right for training through the school to participate in community life and culture.
8. Right through his school to health services, educational and vocational guidance,
library facilities, and recreational activities. In special circumstances, the school may
have to provide for special services like mid-day meals, transportation facilities, etc.
7. SCHOOL ORGANIZATION
• Meaning of School Organization we have to understand the two
We have to understand terms-school and organization separately and then the
meaning of both combined.
• Meaning of School
Nunn. “The school is not only a place of learning where certain knowledge is learnt but as a
place where young are disciplined in a certain form of activities of the greatest and most
permanent significance in the wider world.”
8. CONTINUE: -
• Dewey. “The school is a special environment where a certain quality of life and certain types
of activities and occupations are provided with the object of securing child’s development
along lines.
• Ottaway. “The school may be regarded as a social invention to serve society for the
specialized teaching of young.
• K.G. Saiyidain. “The school is a centre of vigorous life. It is in direct intimate contract with
the realities of life around, reflecting the best and worthiest of its features which are simple
enough to appeal to the child.”
• Ryburn. According to him the school a Cooperative society that is the society where many
agencies cooperate in the interest of the students.
9. MEANING OF SCHOOL ORGANIZATION
• Sears. J.B. Sears considers organization as a machine for doing work. It may be composed
primarily of persons, of doing work. It may be composed primarily of persons, of materials,
of ideas, of concepts, symbols, forms, rules, principles or more often, of a combination of
these. The machine may work automatically or its operation may be subject to human
judgment and will.
• Elsbree. “Organisation of a school is the administrative expression of educational theory.”
• Ryburn. “Organisation simply means the practical measures which we take to ensure that
the system of work we use will be of the greatest possible assistance in carrying out our aims
and of the greatest benefit to our children.”
10. THREE ASPECTS OF ORGANIZATION:
• Organization of Material Equipment.
• Organization of Human Equipment.
• Organization of Ideas and Principles.
• CONCEPT OF SCHOOL ORGANIZATION
• An organization is defined as the necessary combination of human efforts,
material equipment's brought together in a systematic and effective
correlation to accomplish the desired results.
11. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL SCHOOL
ORGANIZATION
• Simplicity:
• Dynamism/Flexibility
• Stability
• Clarity about Powers and Duties
• Coordination
• Acceptance of human elements
• Control
12. SCOPE AND IMPORTANCE OF SCHOOL
ORGANIZATION
• It includes; efficiency of the institution, securing benefits of the
school through practical measures, clarification of the functions of
the school, coordination of the educational programmes, sound
educational planning, good direction, efficient and systematic
execution. In school organization, there is a great role of economy,
men, and material to achieve the desired objectives.
13. MEANING OF ADMINISTRATION
• Etymologically: The term administration has been derived from the Latin
word ‘monistic’ which means service rendered to others effort is the main
role and function of educational administration.
14. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATION, ADMINISTRATION AND
MANAGEMENT
Organization
• It refers to the form of the enterprise or institution and the arrangement of the human and
material resources functioning in a manner to achieve the objectives of the enterprise. It
represents two or more than two people respectively specializing in functions of each
perform, working together towards a common goal as governed by formal rules of behavior.
Administration
• It is concerned with the determination of corporate policy and the overall coordination of
production, distribution and finance.
Management
• It refers to the execution of policy within the limits which are established by administration
and the employment of the organization as required.
15. CONTINUE:-
• Sheldon states, “Organization is the formation of an effective machine;
• management, of an effective executive; administration, of an effective
direction.
• Administration defines the goal; management strives towards it.
• Organization is the machine of management in its achievement of the ends
determined by Administration.
16. ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATION
• Policy Making and Planning
• Financial Provisions
• Material Provisions
• Provision of Personnel
• Instructional Provisions
• Provision of Activities
• Provision for Experimentation
• Evaluation of End-Products
• Control, Direction and Co-Ordination
• Records and Reports
17. ASPECTS OF SCHOOL ORGANIZATION
• Setting up and maintaining a good library and ensuring efficient library
service.
• Organisation of health and physical education.
• Regular inspection and supervision of school work.
• Maintaining discipline and good atmosphere in the institution.
• Classification of students, their attendance, their fees, fines, concessions,
scholarships, aids, etc.
• Organisation of various guidance services.
• Organisation of exhibitions, fairs and other competitions.
18. CONTINUE: -
• Organisation of the hostel.
• Coordinating the work of school, home and society.
• Providing various auxiliary services like mid-day meals, school uniform,
book banks, stationery, etc.
• Cooperating with the management and other local authorizes.
• Cooperating with departmental authorities and implementing the order of the
concerned authorities.
19. CONTINUE:-
• School must become place where the sentimental love of the mother is
supplemented by the thinking love of the teacher. The teacher must remember
that he is concerned with ‘ hearts not heads’
• It is in this sense that the teacher is the only true parent of the child and the
parent the only true teacher of his children.
20. THE HOME AND SCHOOL
• The division of responsibility between the home and the school can be done
only by the parents. The wise parents and the wise teacher will, however,
seek to understand each other’s efforts, so that the child’s will form an
organic whole. The home that has the greatest opportunity of fitting the child
for life and happily living. This is so because there is a profound and intimate
connection between the pattern of the parent’s lives and the pattern which the
life of the child is going to assume.
21. COMPARSON OF ORGANIZATION AND
ADMINISTRATION
• School Organisation
• Organization of a school is the
administrative expression of educational
theory.
• Organisation stands for an organized body
or system or structure or framework or
manner of being.
• School Administration .
• Administration of a school is employed in
operating the educational organization in
accordance with established polices.
• Administration stands for running, hand-
ling, conducting, or controlling of an
organization. It gets things done.
22. CONTINUE:-
• Organisation is concerned with the provision of
materials, human equipment, regulations, forms,
schedules and other facilities of work.
• Organization provides a machine or set-up for
doing work.
• Organization provides resources.
• Organization is that agency by which we achieve
the desired objectives.
• Administration is the process of integrating the
efforts of personnel and of utilizing appropriate
materials to draw maximum educational benefits
from the available facilities.
• Administration deals with the functioning and
operation of the machine or setup.
• Administration is the management of these
resources.
• Administration carries out educational schemes,
programmes and practices.
23. CONTINUE:-
• School organization defines and determines
the functions of the school programmes and
activities.
• Good organization ensures unity of effort ,
efficiency, good will and proper use of
resources.
• Organisation is the pre-execution stage.
• School administration is basically
concerned with the efficient execution of
these programmes and activities.
• Good administration ensures proper
planning ,direction, and evaluation.
• Administration is the execution stage itself.
24. MEASURES FOR SECURING CO-OPERATION
• Teacher’s visits to the homes of the children.
• Parent’s visits to the school.
• Participation by parents in the educational process of school.
• Participation of Teachers in Parent’s Groups.
• Interest Groups.
• Form Letter to Parents.
• (a) The Report Card
• (b) The Personal and Informal Letter
• (c) The Evaluation of Progress by the Pupil with Comments by the Teacher and
Parents.
• (d) Teacher parent Conferences
25. THE SCHOOLAND THE COMMUNITY
• The modern idea is to consider the school as a community Centre and an
institution which serves the needs of the community as a whole.
• Education is not to be regarded as an isolated activity but it is related to life at
all points, is responsive to all the forces that play on it.
• The individual has certainly to be trained, but with reference to, and for the
sake of the bigger society outside.
26. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
FOR ANY QUERY
mmrehmanpk@gmail.com
