The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food. It is a long, twisting tube that starts at the mouth and goes through the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food. It is a long, twisting tube that starts at the mouth and goes through the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
Anatomy and Physiology of Digestive system.
Different Digestive process for absorption of food in GIT.
Different parts GIT Tract where food move from Mouth to the anus.
"Digestive System is a system by which ingested food is acted upon by physical and chemical means to provide the body with absorb-able nutrients and to excrete waste products."
Grade 7 chapter1 lesson1 - the digestive systemLermaPendon1
Lesson 2 The Digestive system
-Functions of Digestive system
-Digestion
-Types of Digestion
-Enzymes
-The role of Enzymes in Digestion
-Organs of Digestive system
-The Mouth
-the Esophagus
-Peristalsis
-The Stomach
-Chyme
-the Small Intestine
-Villi
-the Large intestine
-Bacteria and Digestion
-the Digestive system and Homeostasis
-Common Ailments and Disorders of the Digestive system
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Anatomy and Physiology of Digestive system.
Different Digestive process for absorption of food in GIT.
Different parts GIT Tract where food move from Mouth to the anus.
"Digestive System is a system by which ingested food is acted upon by physical and chemical means to provide the body with absorb-able nutrients and to excrete waste products."
Grade 7 chapter1 lesson1 - the digestive systemLermaPendon1
Lesson 2 The Digestive system
-Functions of Digestive system
-Digestion
-Types of Digestion
-Enzymes
-The role of Enzymes in Digestion
-Organs of Digestive system
-The Mouth
-the Esophagus
-Peristalsis
-The Stomach
-Chyme
-the Small Intestine
-Villi
-the Large intestine
-Bacteria and Digestion
-the Digestive system and Homeostasis
-Common Ailments and Disorders of the Digestive system
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Gastro Intestinal Tract(GIT)
Also called Alimentary Tract and Digestive Tract
The organs that food and liquids travel through when they
are swallowed, digested, absorbed, and leave the body as
feces.
Functions: process food that is placed in the mouth and that
passes through the digestive tract where it is broken down,
processed, absorbed and utilized as energy that fuels the body's
daily functions. The excess of dietary mass and any toxins or
waste products that are produced through metabolic processes are
excreted through the anus.
Organs that are indirectly involved are known as the
accessory digestive organs.
4. Anatomy of the Digestive System
• The GastroIntestinal Tract (GIT)
• This tract is divided into the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts:
•
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
• The upper gastrointestinal tract includes:
• Oral cavity(Mouth): the beginning of the digestive tract
• Pharynx: commonly called the throat, is a muscular, funnel-shaped passageway
inside the body.
• Esophagus: the fibro muscular tube through which food passes, aided by
peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.
• Stomach: serves as a temporary receptacle for storage and mechanical
distribution of food before it is passed into the intestine.
• Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
• The lower gastrointestinal tract includes most of the small intestine and all of
the large intestine. According to some sources, it also includes the anus.
5. • -The small intestine has three parts:
• Duodenum: Here the digestive juices from the pancreas (digestive enzymes)
and the gallbladder (bile) mix together. The digestive enzymes break down
proteins and bile emulsify fats into micelles. The duodenum contains
Brunner's glands which produce bicarbonate, and pancreatic juice contains
bicarbonate to neutralize hydrochloric acid of the stomach.
• Jejunum: This is the midsection of the intestine, connecting the duodenum to
the ileum. It contains the plicae circulars and villi to increase the surface area
of that part of the GI Tract.
• Ileum: Has villi, where all soluble molecules are absorbed into the blood
(capillaries and lacteals).
• -The large intestine has four parts:
• Cecum: The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum.
• Colon: Includes the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon,
and sigmoid flexure. The main function of the colon is to absorb water, but it
also contains bacteria that produce beneficial vitamins like vitamin K.
• Rectum: is a chamber that begins at the end of the large intestine, immediately
following the sigmoid colon
• Anus: the opening at the lower end of the alimentary canal, through which the
solid refuse of digestion is excreted
6. Function of digestive system
• Consuming and digesting foodstuffs, absorbing
nutrients, and expelling waste.
• Immune barrier: the gastrointestinal tract is also a
prominent part of the immune system.
• -The low pH (ranging from 1 to 4) of the stomach is
fatal for many microorganisms that enter it.
• -Mucus (containing IgA antibodies) neutralizes many
of these microorganisms.
• -Other factors in the GI tract help with immune function
as well, including enzymes in saliva and bile
7. Diseases of digestive system
• There are a number of diseases and conditions affecting
the gastrointestinal system, including:
• Infection: Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the
intestines. It occurs more frequently than any other
disease of the intestines.
Classification of infection in the digestive system :
Infections in the digestive system are classified in
two groups:
Exogenous infections –pathogens that come into the
body
Endogenous infections –organisms that are part of the
normal microbial flora
8. • Cancer: may occur at any point in the gastrointestinal tract, and
includes mouth cancer, tongue cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach
cancer, and colorectal cancer.
• Inflammatory conditions: Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum;
Colitis is an inflammation of the intestine,
• Appendicitis:Is inflammation of the vermiform appendix located at
the caecum. This is a potentially fatal condition if left untreated;
most cases of appendicitis require surgical intervention.
• Diverticulosis occurs when pouches form on the intestinal wall.
Once the pouches become inflamed it is known as diverticulitis, (the
patients stool is red and bloody).
• Cholelithiasis, gallstones in the gallbladder
• Peptic ulcer, open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
• Dysentery, painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by
bacterial infection.