5) You are performing an audit of purchases of desktop computers. Describe the audit procedure(s) you might use to achieve each of the five audit objectives listed below. Be specific. Use slide 3 in the week 5 lecture for the list of possible audit procedures (you may want to also consult PCAOB 15 paragraphs 15-21 as well as other readings in week 5). You will not get credit for a one word answer. slide 3 in the week 5 lecture 1) PCAOB 15 Audit Evidence http://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/Pages/Auditing_Standard_15.aspx 1) All of the computers purchased have been recorded in the accounting records. 2) The computers recorded as being purchased actually exist. 3) Depreciation expense has been calculated correctly 4) Laws and regulations regarding software usage have been followed (e.g., no pirated or illegal software is installed). 5) The computers are properly safeguarded from theft or unauthorized use. Here is a helpful hint on how to go about responding to question 5. For example let’s say you are asked to determine that the useful lives and salvage values of the computers are reasonable. A possible response would be to inquire about how the useful lives and salvage values of the computers were determined and then compare the estimated useful lives and salvage values of these computers with comparable computers used in other divisions or functional areas of the company. Extra Credit – True/False (each question is worth 1 point) 1) Most frauds are detected by internal auditors. 2) Evidence from within the company is considered more reliable than evidence obtained from third parties 3) The internal auditor has no role in fraud prevention or detection 4) Confirmation involves examining trends and relationship among financial and non-financial data 5) Expertise within the internal auditing department is a barrier to implementing data analysis technologies Paula Thompson  1 posts Re:Constructing 10 Strategic Points Hello Elizabeth- I am so glad that you worked on this over the weekend and sent it to me in advance.  What you have done -- and this happens with a few students every class -- is propose an interesting future study on incivility in higher ed.  However, the guidelines for this assignment limit the scope to a replication of the 2007 Clark and Springer study.  This means that many of the elements of the 10 Strategic Points (e.g., problem statement, research questions, purpose statement, data colection, data analysis) should be exactly the same as the Week 2 strategic points except with a population of undergraduate psychology students and faculty.   For example, the correct phrasing of the Week 2 problem statement that I provided you was "It is not known what the possible causes and remedies are of incivility in nursing education in a university environment from both student and faculty perspectives."  For the Week 5 assignment, you would use the problem statement verbatim but just change "nursing ed.

1. 5) You are performing an audit of purchases of desktop
computers. Describe the audit procedure(s) you might use to
achieve each of the five audit objectives listed below. Be
specific. Use slide 3 in the week 5 lecture for the list of
possible audit procedures (you may want to also consult
PCAOB 15 paragraphs 15-21 as well as other readings in week
5). You will not get credit for a one word answer.
slide 3 in the week 5 lecture
1) PCAOB 15 Audit Evidence
http://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/Pages/Auditing_Standard
_15.aspx
1) All of the computers purchased have been recorded in the
accounting records.
2) The computers recorded as being purchased actually exist.
3) Depreciation expense has been calculated correctly
4) Laws and regulations regarding software usage have been
followed (e.g., no pirated or illegal software is installed).
5) The computers are properly safeguarded from theft or
unauthorized use.
Here is a helpful hint on how to go about responding to question
5.

2. For example let’s say you are asked to determine that the useful
lives and salvage values of the computers are reasonable. A
possible response would be to inquire about how the useful
lives and salvage values of the computers were determined and
then compare the estimated useful lives and salvage values of
these computers with comparable computers used in other
divisions or functional areas of the company.
Extra Credit – True/False (each question is worth 1 point)
1) Most frauds are detected by internal auditors.
2) Evidence from within the company is considered more
reliable than evidence obtained from third parties
3) The internal auditor has no role in fraud prevention or
detection
4) Confirmation involves examining trends and relationship
among financial and non-financial data
5) Expertise within the internal auditing department is a barrier
to implementing data analysis technologies
Paula Thompson
1 posts
Re:Constructing 10 Strategic Points
Hello Elizabeth-
I am so glad that you worked on this over the weekend and sent
it to me in advance. What you have done -- and this happens
with a few students every class -- is propose an interesting
future study on incivility in higher ed. However, the guidelines
for this assignment limit the scope to a replication of the 2007

3. Clark and Springer study. This means that many of the
elements of the 10 Strategic Points (e.g., problem statement,
research questions, purpose statement, data colection, data
analysis) should be exactly the same as the Week 2 strategic
points except with a population of undergraduate psychology
students and faculty.
For example, the correct phrasing of the Week 2 problem
statement that I provided you was "It is not known what the
possible causes and remedies are of incivility in nursing
education in a university environment from both student and
faculty perspectives." For the Week 5 assignment, you would
use the problem statement verbatim but just change "nursing
education" to "undergraduate psychology education."
See additional section-by-section feedback in the attached.
Thanks,
Paula
TEN STRATEGIC POINTS
1
TEN STRATEGIC POINTS
2
The Ten Strategic Points
Elizabeth C. Lebron
Grand Canyon University
The Ten Strategic Points

4. 10 Strategic Points
Comments or Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Incivility in psychology undergraduate education programs
Lit Review
Kopp & Finney (2013) note that in the contemporary learning
environment, the students have the expectation of receiving
high grades, and this is irrespective of the efforts the put into
the learning activities. The authors suggest that in case this
does not happen, some of the students end-up being uncivil. In
this case, the findings are that a significant number of uncivil
students are simply frustrated with their performance in school.
Therefore, there is the need to address this and other related
issues so as to pinpoint the real issues behind the problem of
incivility.
According to Johnson-Bailey (2015), the first approach towards
dealing with incivility is appreciating the fact that the problem
exists and that it is widespread. This should then prompt the
assessment of whether it is impacted upon by race, gender, and
other background issues. Among other areas of observation is
whether the creation of a “democratic learning environment
where fairness prevails” helps in mitigating the incidences of
incivility. He insists that challenges should be highlighted as
soon as they have been observed so as to deal with these issues
before the situation gets out of hand.
Jenkins, Kerber, & Woith, (2013) have indicated that in
situations where the students have been included in finding a
remedy to incivility, their participation facilitate the change of
behavior and attitude. Those who refuse or are unable to
participate continue their uncivil behavior, and everyone around
them suffers the consequences. This means that learning
activities are hindered.

5. Carr, Pitt, Perrell, & Recchia, (2016) sought to understand how
incivility in schools affect the students’ performance as well as
after having undergone placements. The researchers found that
in case students are demonstrating quiet incivility, the
authorities and departments ought to be concerned. The students
and their parents and guardians need to be invited for a meeting
in order to assess the causes of their dissenting attitude. The
researchers suggest that seeking restorative supervision could
enhance their personal resilience, and hence be in a position to
act normally and accommodate everyone else.
Hassoy, Durusoy, & Karababa, (2013) studied the impact of the
use of mobile phones by students, especially at a time when
they are supposed to be cooperating in teams to advance their
learning activities as well as social skills. The authors argue
that understanding the causes and effect of determinants of
incivility is the only way to facilitate effective interventions
amongst special subgroups. In particular, these include those
who tend to be addicted to the use of mobile technology to the
point where it hinders the development of their social skills.
Problem Statement
The potential origin and effective resolutions of incivility in
psychology education among both the student and the faculty
are unknown.
Research Questions
The research questions include:
· What are the primary causes of incivility in psychology
education?
· Which kinds of behavior among the psychology students and
faculty influence incivility in psychology education?

6. · What intervention measures could help in mitigating incivility
in psychology education?
This research questions define the problem, address the issues
which escalate it, and ultimately seek to pinpoint the most
effective solutions.
Sample
Fifteen psychology educators and 200 students who have vast
experiences on the incivility associated with education
programs will be purposively sampled. Attempts will be made to
ensure that the sample is as diversified as possible so as to
reflect the feelings of individuals from various backgrounds.
The target response rate will be 80%. Such an approach
facilitates the saturation of data, meaning that no further
information could cause significant changes on observations and
conclusion (Mason, 2010; O’Reilly & Parker, 2013).
Describe the Phenomenon
Incivility refers to rudeness in speech and behavior. The
impolite and offensive words and actions derail collaboration,
and hence learning activities are hindered (Kopp & Finney,
2013). It has been observed that universities have had to deal
with insulting remarks, bullying, and even violence; and this
has obviously impacted psychology education negatively (Carr
et al., 2016).
There is the need to understand the causes, what makes the
behavior to continue, as well as the most appropriate remedies.
Methodology and Design
This study will make use of the qualitative descriptive design
.
The advantage of a qualitative study is that it goes beyond the

7. counting and ranking of data. The researcher is able to analyze
feelings, as well as cover issues in great details and depth
(Miles, Huberman, & Saldana, 2013).
Descriptive design is important as it facilitates the description
of trends, attitudes, and opinions. In this case, the researcher
would be able to make an observation on how cases of incivility
are being reported as well as how the individual involved
behave (Mason, 2010). It will also take into account the
opinions of the respondents and address them in a conclusive
manner. Since interviews are to be used, it will be possible to
gauge the attitudes based on both the words of mouth as well as
the body language.
Purpose Statement
The purpose is to describe the factors which institution should
regard as the main contributors towards incivility among the
psychology students as well as the faculty. This is to be coupled
with the appropriate solutions
.
Data Collection Instruments and Approach
The data is collected through interviews, and this avails room
for interaction with the subjects on the basis of their own
languages as well as terms
. The data is accurate based on the fact that the answers are
recorded firsthand. Besides, clarifications will be sort every
time something sounds confusing (Miles et al., 2013).
The data is based on the subject’s observations and experiences.
This avails adequate insights which help explain feelings and
actions (Hatch, 2002). It is actually a realistic feel of the issue
at hand, i.e. incivility in psychology education.
The respondents will be informed that they reserve the right to
participate and even quit in case they feel uncomfortable with

8. the progress. Those who quit will have their responses
discarded. Responses by those who complete the study will be
analyzed and the discussion as well as conclusion published
anonymously. This means that no personal information will be
revealed.
Data Analysis Approach
The approach
in this case is meant to facilitate an in-depth explanatory pieces
of data associated with a small sample. Then patterns are drawn
from insights and concepts in a manner that makes explanations
illustrative. As it can be observed, the research questions are
focused (Mason, 2010). They outcome has been identified in
advance, and hence there is linearity with regard to the
hierarchy of phases. The confounding factors have been
controlled. The idea behind this kind of data analysis is to
examine and understand the meanings and symbols associated
with the qualitative data (Hatch, 2002). Since the time is
limited, this will employ a deductive approach, and the
questions will facilitate the grouping of data in a manner that
facilitate the uncovering of the differences and similarities. The
points of focus during the analysis will include the primary
content, the attitude of the speaker while delivering the
message, the assessment of whether the views are individual or
shared, as well as whether the representation is hypothetical or
actual (Miles et al., 2013). Summaries will then be made on the
basis of the most important points which emerge from having
completed that particular activity.
References
Carr, J., Pitt, M., Perrell, E., & Recchia, N. (2016, April).
Mentoring students: Exploring and managing in civil behavior
in community nursing placements. British Journal of
Community Nursing, 21(4), 203-207. DOI:
10.12968/bjcn.2016.21.4.203

9. Hassoy, H., Durusoy, R., & Karababa, A.O. (2013).
Adolescents' risk perceptions on mobile phones and their base
stations, their trust to authorities and incivility in using mobile
phones: A cross-sectional survey on 2240 high school students
in Izmir, Turkey. Environmental Health: A Global Access
Science Source, 12(1), 1-10. DOI: 10.1186/1476-069X-12-10
Hatch, J.A. (2002). Doing qualitative research in education
settings. Albany, NY: SUNY Press
Jenkins, S.D., Kerber, C.S., & Woith, W.M. (2013, April). An
intervention to promote civility among nursing students.
Nursing Education Perspectives (National League for Nursing),
34(2), 95-100
Johnson-Bailey, J. (2015, Feb.). Academic incivility and
bullying as a gendered and racialized phenomena. Adult
Learning, 26(1), 42-47. DOI: 10.1177/1045159514558414
Kopp, J.P., & Finney, S.J. (2013). Linking academic entitlement
and student incivility using latent means modeling. Journal of
Experimental Education, 81(3), 322-336. DOI:
10.1080/00220973.2012.727887
Mason, M. (2010). Sample size and saturation in PhD studies
using qualitative interviews. Forum: Qualitative Social
Research, 11(3),
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.
lopes.idm.oclc.org/docview/869912466?accountid=7374
Miles, M.B., Huberman, A.M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative
data analysis. SAGE Publications: Thousand Oaks, California
O’Reilly, M., & Parker, N. (2013). Unsatisfactory Saturation': a
critical exploration of the notion of saturated sample sizes in
qualitative research. Qualitative Research,13(2), 190-7

10. �Good – succinct and clear.
�Excellent use of recent research articles related to incivility in
higher education.
�At GCU, the problem statement always must be written in the
“It is not known” format. See the problem statement that I
provided to you in my grading of your Week 2 assignment and
modify it for this study.
�Start with Clark & Springer’s (2007) research questions and
modify them from nursing programs to undergraduate
psychology education. Otherwise, do not change or add
questions. For example, they did not investigate interventions
to mitigate inclivility and so neither should this replication
study.
�Again, model your sample after theirs. They did not
purposefully sample people who have experienced incivility.
They conducted a convenience sample of all faculty and
students enrolled in a program.
�This is good.
�This is not needed in the phenomenon section, as it provides a
justification for the study rather than a description of the
phenomenon.

11. �Good.
�Please revisit the slides I posted on the Questions for
Instructor Forum on how GCU wants learners to write the
purpose statement. Also, see the purpose statement I provided
to you in my grading of your Week 2 assignment as a role
model. Make sure that problem statement and purpose
statement are tightly aligned.
�See the Assignment Guide for this course, which clearly states
that the data collection instrument for this mock replication
study is the IHE, Incivility in Higher Education. Like the Clark
& Springer (2007) study, this is a written instrument, and data
is not collected through interviews.
�Use the same data analysis approach that Clark and Springer
used in their 2007 article.