5 - reliability and validity of qualitative research ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
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محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
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2. Count the frequency of different portrayals to see which are most common. We could test if negative portrayals outnumber positive or neutral ones in a statistically significant way.
3. Code for socioeconomic or racial demographics of characters portrayed as poor. We could test if certain groups are disproportionately represented in
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5. We are change agents
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Assessing the risks – probability of occurrence, impact
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Appropriate recruitment and management of staff
Ensuring that underperformance is identified and addressed
Encouraging staff retention by motivating and developing staff
Providing good working conditions
Education and Training
Providing appropriate support available to enable staff to be competent in doing their jobs and to develop their skills so that they are up to date
Professional development needs to continue through lifelong learning
Clinical effectiveness & Research
Clinical effectiveness implies ensuring that everything we do is designed to provide the best outcomes for patients
Clinical audit
Clinical audit is a quality improvement cycle that involves measurement of the effectiveness of healthcare against agreed and proven standards for high quality, and taking action to bring practice in line with these standards so as to improve the quality of care and health outcomes
Clinical audit is a systematic process of looking at your practice and asking:
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Methods used for qualitative data collection
Data plays an important role in any research or study conducted. It aids in bringing about a breakthrough in the respective field as well as for future researches. The collection of data is carried out in two forms viz: Qualitative Data and Quantitative Data which includes further bifurcation under it.
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Qualitative research can be defined as the method of research which focuses on gaining relevant information through observational, open-ended and communication method. They are more exploratory which concentrates on gaining insights about the situation and dig a bit deeper to find the underlying reason. The central idea behind using this method is to find the answer to Why and How rather than How many. Data gathered during a qualitative research is what is termed as qualitative data.
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A qualitative data is non-numerical and more textual which comprises mostly of images, written texts, recorded audios and spoken words by people. Moreover, one can conduct qualitative research online as well as offline too. Apart from this, the varied purpose of qualitative research is as follows:
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Here are a few ways we could use content analysis to test that belief:
1. Select a random sample of news articles, TV shows, movies, etc. that portray poor people. Develop a coding scheme to categorize how the poor are portrayed - e.g. as lazy, criminal, dependent on welfare, hard-working but struggling, etc. Two researchers would code the same materials to check reliability.
2. Count the frequency of different portrayals to see which are most common. We could test if negative portrayals outnumber positive or neutral ones in a statistically significant way.
3. Code for socioeconomic or racial demographics of characters portrayed as poor. We could test if certain groups are disproportionately represented in
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What do we have in common
as Medical Doctors/Medical
Practitioners?
1. We are technical experts in our fields
2. We are leaders
3. We are managers
4. We are accountable for the patient care and health services
5. We are change agents
6. We are respected highly in the community
7. We are responsive
8. We are good communicators and negotiators
9. We are kind and empathic
10. We are decent and disciplined
Clinical Governance is a strategic framework for the development of high quality healthcare
"A framework through which organizations are accountable for continuously improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish" – NHS, UK
“clinical governance is a way of making sure that everyone who passes through health system is well cared for”
or
System that enable staff to work in the best possible way
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Staff performing to the highest possible standards
Seven pillars of Clinical Governance
Patient and public involvement (PPI)
Risk management
Staffing and staff management
Education and training
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Using clinical information & IT
Clinical audit
Patient and public involvement
Ensuring services meet the need of the patients
Patient and public feedback is used to improve services
Patients and the public are involved in the development of services and the monitoring of treatment outcomes
Risk management
Complying with protocols
Learning from mistakes and near-misses
Reporting adverse events
Assessing the risks – probability of occurrence, impact
Promoting blame free culture
Staffing and staff management
Appropriate recruitment and management of staff
Ensuring that underperformance is identified and addressed
Encouraging staff retention by motivating and developing staff
Providing good working conditions
Education and Training
Providing appropriate support available to enable staff to be competent in doing their jobs and to develop their skills so that they are up to date
Professional development needs to continue through lifelong learning
Clinical effectiveness & Research
Clinical effectiveness implies ensuring that everything we do is designed to provide the best outcomes for patients
Clinical audit
Clinical audit is a quality improvement cycle that involves measurement of the effectiveness of healthcare against agreed and proven standards for high quality, and taking action to bring practice in line with these standards so as to improve the quality of care and health outcomes
Clinical audit is a systematic process of looking at your practice and asking:
What should we be doing?
Are we doing it?
If not, how can we improve?
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Randomised controlled trials
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The document provides an overview of key concepts in research methodology, including:
- The benefits of research to students and practitioners for designing studies, understanding literature, and participating in evaluations.
- Definitions of key terms like method, methodology, and the differences between them.
- The characteristics of high-quality research like having a clearly defined scope and reproducible design.
- The typical steps in the research process from identifying a problem to interpreting data and revising hypotheses.
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The document discusses validity and reliability in research. It defines validity as measuring what the research intends to measure and having truthful results. There are three types of validity: content, construct, and criterion-related. Reliability refers to consistency of results over time and accurately representing the population. It can be measured through test-retest, alternative forms, and split-half methods. Validity and reliability are both important but distinct concepts for assessing quality of research.
Ethical issues in research
This document discusses several ethical issues to consider when conducting research and collecting data. It addresses stakeholders in research like participants, researchers, and funding bodies. Key ethical issues discussed include obtaining informed consent from participants, avoiding harm, maintaining confidentiality, and avoiding bias. The document also covers ethical concerns relating to the research methodology, reporting of findings, and potential misuse of information by sponsoring organizations. Finally, it outlines ethical considerations for using secondary data like avoiding plagiarism and maintaining the original context and anonymity of data sources.
Observation in Qualitative Research
This document discusses qualitative research methods, specifically observation. It defines qualitative research as relying on narrative descriptions to capture social phenomena's complexity. Observation involves directly recording sample behaviors rather than communicating with people. Types of observation include participant/non-participant, direct/indirect, structured/unstructured. Observation advantages include collecting natural data and disadvantages include bias and the observer's paradox. Observational checklists record behaviors through rating scales and coding to analyze participants systematically.
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The document discusses various qualitative research methods and techniques. It provides a taxonomy of qualitative methods categorized by level of analysis, including individual, group, and organizational. It also discusses different qualitative research strategies like case studies, stakeholder analysis, and hermeneutics. The document outlines general steps in qualitative research and principles of case study research, including using multiple sources of evidence, creating a study database, and maintaining a chain of evidence.
8 - innovation skills in qualitative research ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr....
محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي
( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
7 - qualitative research designs ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Alth...
محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي
( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
6 - protocols proceduers and preoccupations of qualitative research ( Dr. Abd...
محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي
( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
4 - research ethics ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.R...
محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي
( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
2- the nature of qualitative research ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim...
محاضرة للدكتور إبراهيم الثنيان - الدكتور عبدالله البريدي و دكتور رمزي
( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)
My Discovery Map
This document discusses several issues related to population growth and its impacts, including overpopulation, resource scarcity, unemployment, and conflict over limited resources. It raises questions about building human capital, measuring human quality, and the potential for increased crime rates, space colonization, and shortages of building materials. It also links population changes to how resources are allocated and notes that overpopulation could potentially lead to wars over land and materials.
Quality In Private Schools [ Rasha M. Ahmad ]
الملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة مستوى جودة مخرجات التعليم الأهلي الأساسي السعودي للمرحلة الثانوية مقارنة مع جودة مخرجات التعليم الحكومي الأساسي. وحيث أن أداء الطالبة خلال المرحلة الجامعة يعتبر انعكاسا لجودة التعليم ما قبل الجامعي. تم الاعتماد على المعدل التراكمي الجامعي و معدل المرحلة الثانوية كمتغيرين أساسيين لهذه الدراسة . وتم الاعتماد على الأسلوب التجريبي من خلال اختيار عينتين, خمسين طالبة من مخرجات التعليم الأهلي الأساسي وخمسين طالبة من مخرجات التعليم الحكومي. ومن أجل رفع مستوى صحة اختبارات هذه الدراسة تم استخدام nested design فتم تقسيم عينة التعليم الأهلي إلى ثلاث فئات , فئة الطالبات الحاصلات على 85% وأعلى في الثانوية وفئة الحاصلات على 90% وأعلى وفئة الحاصلات على 95% , ثم تم سحب خمسين طالبة من خريجات التعليم الحكومي الأساسي لهن نفس خصائص الثلاث فئات. وقد كان أسلوب الدراسة من خلال اختبار قبل وبعد لكل عينة ولكل فئة (معدل المرحلة الثانوي مقارنة مع الأداء الجامعي) "within" واختبار المقارنة بين فئات العينتين وبين العينتين بشكل كلي ""between .وكان الأسلوب الإحصائي المستخدم الفرق بين متوسطين. وكانت أهم النتائج : هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين أداء الطالبة في المرحلة الثانوية والمرحلة الجامعية. وهذه النتيجة تنطبق على التعليم الأهلي والحكومي, وفي المقارنة بين أداء الطالبات في المرحلة الجامعية ليس هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الطالبات المتخرجات من التعليم الأهلي والطالبات المتخرجات من التعليم الحكومي. وكان أهم توصيات هذه الدراسة: على قطاع التعليم الأهلي أن يضع الجودة في سلم أولوياته,وأن يضع لها الأهداف ويرسم لها الاستراتيجيات ويضع المؤشرات اللازمة لتأكد من أنه بالفعل حقق الدور المنوط به وهو تقديم مخرجات متميزة . كما أن على الوزارة أن تراقب الجودة في المنشآت التعليمية وبشكل مستمر وأن تربط ما تقدمه من إعانات بمدى تحقق الجودة في تلك المنشآت.
This study has aimed at knowing the quality level of the graduates of the Saudi Private Basic Education for the secondary stage compared with the graduates of the Governmental Basic Education . As the performance of the student during the university stage is a measure for the quality of the pre-university education, it has been based upon the university accumulative rate and the secondary stage rate as tow basic variables in this study. The experimental method has been followed through selecting two samples, fifty female students from the graduates of the private basic education and fifty female students from the graduates of the Governmental one. In addition to raise the accuracy level of this study tests, the nested design has been used. The sample of the private education has been divided into three groups; the group of the students who have obtained more than 85%, the group of more 90%, and the group of more than 95%, then fifty female students, who have the same ch
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