The document outlines the concept of clinical governance, which is a framework aimed at improving healthcare quality and ensuring accountability in health organizations. It describes the seven pillars that support clinical governance: patient and public involvement, risk management, staffing and staff management, education and training, clinical effectiveness and research, using clinical information and IT, and clinical audit. Each pillar focuses on various aspects of care, including risk minimization, staff development, and the continuous improvement of services through structured processes.

1. CLINICAL GOVERNANACE
Dr.D.Venoden; Medical Administrator
Ministry of Health

2. Contents
Clinical Governance
Seven pillars of Clinical Governance
Patient and public involvement (PPI)
Risk management
Staffing and staff management
Education and Training
Clinical effectiveness and research
Using clinical information & IT
Clinical Audit
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5. Clinical Governance
Clinical Governance is a strategic framework
for the development of high quality healthcare
"A framework through which
organizations are accountable for
continuously improving the quality of
their services and safeguarding high
standards of care by creating an
environment in which excellence in
clinical care will flourish" – NHS, UK
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6. “clinical governance is a way of making sure that
everyone who passes through health system is well
cared for”
or
System that enable staff to work in the best possible
way
+
Staff performing to the highest possible standards
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7. Clinical governance framework
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8. Clinical Governance Components
Seven pillars of Clinical Governance
 Patient and public involvement (PPI)
 Risk management
 Staffing and staff management
 Education and training
 Clinical effectiveness & Research
 Using clinical information & IT
 Clinical audit
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9. Patient and public involvement
PPI is about
 Ensuring services meet the need of the
patients
 Patient and public feedback is used to
improve services
 Patients and the public are involved in the
development of services and the
monitoring of treatment outcomes
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10. Risk management
Risk Management involves having robust
systems in place to understand, monitor and
minimise the risks to patients and staff and to
learn from mistakes
 Complying with protocols
 Learning from mistakes and near-misses
 Reporting adverse events
 Assessing the risks – probability of occurrence, impact
 Promoting blame free culture
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11. Staffing and staff management
Appropriate recruitment and
management of staff
Ensuring that underperformance is
identified and addressed
Encouraging staff retention by
motivating and developing staff
Providing good working conditions
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12. Education and Training
Providing appropriate support available to
enable staff to be competent in doing their
jobs and to develop their skills so that they
are up to date
Professional development needs to
continue through lifelong learning
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13. Education and Training
 Attending courses and conferences
(commonly referred to as CPD – Continuous
Professional Development)
 Taking relevant exams
 Regular assessment, designed to ensure that
training is appropriate
 Appraisals (which are a means of identifying
and discussing weaknesses, and
opportunities for personal development)
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14. Clinical effectiveness & Research
Clinical effectiveness implies ensuring that
everything we do is designed to provide the best
outcomes for patients.
"the right thing to the right person at the
right time in the right place”
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15. Clinical effectiveness & Research
In practice, it means:
• Adopting an evidence-based approach in the
management of patients
• Changing your practice, developing new protocols
or guidelines based on experience and evidence if
current practice is shown inadequate.
• Implementing guidelines, protocols and other
national standards to ensure optimal care
• Conducting research to develop the body of
evidence available and therefore enhancing the
level of care provided to patients in future
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16. Using clinical information & IT
This is to ensure that
• Patient data is accurate and up-to-date
• Confidentiality of patient data is respected
• Full and appropriate use of the date is made to
measure quality of outcomes (e.g. through
audits) and to develop services tailored to local
needs
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17. Clinical audit
Clinical audit is a quality improvement cycle that
involves measurement of the effectiveness of
healthcare against agreed and proven standards
for high quality, and taking action to bring
practice in line with these standards so as to
improve the quality of care and health outcomes
Clinical audit is a systematic process of looking at your practice
and asking:
What should we be doing?
Are we doing it?
If not, how can we improve?
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18. Clinical audit
Audit cycle
1) Selecting a topic
2) Agreeing standards of best practice (audit criteria)
3) Collecting data.
4) Analysing data against standards
5) Feeding back results.
6) Discussing possible changes.
7) Implementing agreed changes
8) Allowing time for changes to embed before re-auditing.
9) Collecting a second set of data
10) Analysing the re-audit data
11) Feeding back the re-audit results.
12) Discussing whether practice has improved
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19. Audit cycle
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20. Clinical audit
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21. Clinical Audit & Research
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