Nuclear pollution occurs when radioactive materials are accidentally released into the environment. Radioactive materials emit ionizing radiation that can damage living things. Common causes of nuclear pollution include nuclear power plant accidents, nuclear weapons use, mining and processing of radioactive materials, and improper storage and disposal of nuclear waste. Effects of radiation exposure include genetic mutations, increased cancer rates, soil infertility, and damage to plants and wildlife. Solutions to prevent further nuclear pollution involve proper storage and disposal of nuclear waste, banning nuclear weapons tests, developing alternative energy sources, and taking safety precautions when handling radioactive materials.