The document discusses reported speech and how to change direct statements and requests into the reported form. It provides examples of changing direct speech into indirect speech based on the tense. It also includes a chart showing how to change the tense based on whether the original statement uses the present, future, present perfect, etc. The document concludes with examples of changing students' direct statements about their schedule and work into the reported form.

1. Excuses, excuses, excuses… Reporter Speech, Requests By Profr. José Ma. Jaramillo S. Febraury, 2009

2. What are your excuses for not doing homework?

3. I didn’t do the homework, because: I forgot my books in the school. I had an important date. I had to clean my house. I couldn’t find my notes. The lights get off in my house. My grandmother was in the hospital. The cat ate my homework. I had an argument with an alien. I was in bed with a terrible cold. I didn’t know it was for today. My neighbor asked me a cup of coffe.

4. Can you come early? Don’t forget the activities. Can you work in silence? I need the activities for next Friday. Talk in English in class. Don’t copy the workbook and videobook. The exam is today without accordion. I can’t stand my teacher! He asked me to come earlier to the class. He told me not to forget the activities. He asked me to work in silence. He said he needs the activities. He told me to talk in English. He told me not to copy the workbook. He said the exam is today. Requests

5. Reported speech Ít is used to talk about, or report, something that was asked or said in the past. The most common verbs for reporting requests are ask, tell , and say . They are used in the past tense to match the past action. Tell and say are very simillar in meaning. The difference is that tell is followed by a: Direct Object me you him her them us Teacher: “Bring the dictionary tomorrow” Student: The teacher told me to bring the dictionary tomorrow.

6. Teacher: “Write your name correctly when you check in” Student: The teacher asked me to write correctly my name. Teacher: Register all your activities in the folder please. Student: The teacher asked me to register all the activities. Teacher: Take notes from all the examples. Student: The teacher told me to take notes from all the examples.

7. With say is not necessary to use Direct Object Mother: “Clean you shoes before get in to the house” Son: My mother said to clean my shoes before get in. Mother: “Don`t come to late” Son: My mother said not to come to late Mother: “Turn down the music it`s too high. Son: My mother said to turn down the music.

8. All the three of these are followed by an infinitive. E.g. She asked me… She told me … to phone her tonight. She said … In negative reported request, not is usually placed before the infinitive E.g. The teacher asked … The teacher told … John not to be late . The teache r said … not to be late

9. Can you remember everthing what your teacher has told you? Write request. Don’t eat in the laboratory. _____________________________ b. Be punctual in class. _____________________________ Can you work as a team? _____________________________ Make the activities on time. _____________________________ Work with Rebeca’s videos. _____________________________ Can you speak slowly in the lab? _____________________________ Check in when you enter to the lab. _____________________________ Don’t write on the books. _____________________________ Bring your ID, cause Ramiro is very strict. _____________________________ Can you leave your books on the shelve? _____________________________

10. Reported speech Statements

11. Reported Speech is the exact meaning of what someone said, but not the exact words. We can either use the word that after the introductory verb or we can omit it. E.g. Mary: I want to help. Mary said (that) she wanted to help. In this case the Direct Statement is in Present Tense, so when you report use Past Tense. Check the next chart. Reported speech Statements

12. On the other hand the tense used to express and idea is also an important factor. Take into consideration the following chart: Direct Speech Reported Speech Present Tense Future with "Going to" Present Perfect Sentences with "Can" Future with "Will" Present Progressive Simple Past Tense Past with "Going to" Past Perfect Sentences with "Could" Sentences with "Would" Past Progressive

13. Look at the following examples: Direct speech Indirect speech Julia:"I live in my own apartment". She said that she lived in her own apartment Nick:"I am going to visit my parents next weekend". He told me he was going to visit his parents next weekend. Tom:"I have studied Italian for a year". Tom said he had studied Italian for a year.

14. Direct speech Indirect speech Linda and John: "We can't come to the party next week". They told me they couldn't come to the party next week. Terry: "I 'll write as soon as I get there". She said that she would write as soon as he got there. Andrew:"I 'm learning to cook Chinese food". He said he was learning to cook Chinese food.

15. My students always told me: We can’t make hours tomorrow. _they told me, (that) they couldn’t make hours. We have a lot of homework. ___________________________________ We are not talking in Spanish. ___________________________________ We will finish the activities soon. ___________________________________ We have gone to the lab. ___________________________________ We haven´t eaten in the CAADI. ___________________________________ We are working so hard. ____________________________________ We have exam tomorrow. ____________________________________ We can’t understand the grammar. ____________________________________ We have the portafolio complete. ____________________________________ Is that true?

16. Let’s practice with your books! More information: [email_address]