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Eso 4 reported speech
- 1. English DepartmentEnglish Department Reported(or indirect) speechReported (or indirect) speech CPI Tino GrandíoCPI Tino Grandío GENERAL RULES Tenses change from present to past (if we are talking about what somebody said in the past): o “I am 15.” He said he was 15. o “We have a problem.” They said they had a problem. o “I can swim.” She said that she could swim. o “She comes by bus.” He said that she came by bus. o “Your sister doesn’t like pizza.” She said that my sister didn’t like pizza. o “You are looking through the window.” He said that I was looking through the window. o “They will probably fail.” She said that they would probably fail. o “My mother saw a mouse.” She said that her mother had seen a mouse. Personal pronouns change (if somebody is telling what somebody else has said before): o “I am 15.” He said he was 15. o “My mother saw a mouse.” She said that her mother had seen a mouse. o “We saw you at the cinema.” They said that they had seen me at the cinema. Place and time complements have to be adapted to the new context: o “He came here.” They said that he had gone there. o “It’s raining today” Jake said that it was raining then / yesterday. o “I saw you last week.” She said that she had seen me the week before. Statements Tell and say are common reporting verbs. (Tell is used before an indirect object.): o She said that she liked pizza. o My mother told me to go with her. o Everyone said that the lesson was very difficult. o He told his friends about my illness. Other verbs can be used: know, promise, insist, warn... That can be omitted after say: o She said that she liked pizza. She said she liked pizza. o They knew that he liked her. They knew she liked her. Questions Typical reporting verbs are: ask, wonder, want to know. o He wanted to know the opening times of the museum. o She wondered how old my mother was. If the question is answered with yes or no, if should be introduced before the indirect question: o My sister asked if you wanted to come with us. o I wondered if she was watching the programme on TV. Subject always comes before the verb: o She asked me how old I was. Imperatives We use ask / tell + object + (not) + to + infinitive to say what people want(ed) us to do: o “Please, open the window.” She asked us to open the window. o “Tidy your room.” My father told me to tidy my room. o “Don’t smoke here.” My aunt asked me not to smoke in her car. AM / ARE / IS WAS / WERE HAVE / HAS HAD WILL WOULD CAN COULD MAY MIGHT MUST HAD TO DO / DOES DID SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST PRES. CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT NOW THEN, AT THE TIME TODAY THAT DAY, ON TUESDAY... YESTERDAY THE DAY BEFORE, THE PREVIOUS DAY TOMORROW THE FOLLOWING DAY, ON SUNDAY... THIS WEEK THAT WEEK LAST WEEK THE WEEK BEFORE, THE PREVIOUS WEEK AN HOUR AGO AN HOUR EARLIER / BEFORE
- 2. 1. Choose theright reporting verb, said or told: a. Abby ___________ me she really liked Lewis. b. We ___________ we’d buy a new computer. c. Ana ____________ her mum that she was feeling nervous about the exam. d. I ____________ you I saw them talking in the street. e. Paco __________ that he was going home. f. They ___________ they’d lend us some money. 2. Complete the following statements in reported speech. a. ‘We’ll walk,’ we said. The bus was late so we said we’d walk. b. ‘I feel ill,’ said Ben. We were about to start the exam, when Ben… c. ‘It’s going to rain,’ said Mum. We wanted to play football in the park, but Mum... d. Sue said, ‘I can’t come.’ We all wanted to go to the cinema but Sue… e. ‘I’ll help you,’ Adrian said. I couldn’t move the furniture myself, so Adrian… f. ‘The computer isn’t working,’ Ann and Rob said. Ann and Rob couldn’t do their work because they… g. ‘I’ll apologise later,’ said Lewis. We told Lewis that Fatima was upset with him, so he… 3. Cecilia is thinking about what many people said to her yesterday. Look at the picture and complete the sentences: a. Mrs Whitaker said that I ... b. My teacher... c. My brother... d. e. f. g. h. 4. Now write some sentences telling about what people have told or asked you lately: a. b. c. d. e. f. c My brother asked: “Can you help me tomorrow?” d My mother said: “Clean your bedroom now.” g My father said: “Don’t watch that film.” h Pete asked: “Do you have a boyfriend?” a Mrs. Whitaker said, “You can’t be Helen’s daughter.” e My brother said: “You are using my new computer.” b My teacher said : “You are a very good student.” f Lisa said : “I’ll invite you to my birthday party next week.”