This research article studied the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on renal dysfunction in diabetic rats. It found that:
1) Diabetic rats not fed VCO had significantly higher levels of creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen compared to normal rats and diabetic rats fed VCO, indicating VCO helped prevent kidney damage from diabetes.
2) Total protein levels were significantly lower in diabetic rats not fed VCO compared to the other groups, but were similar between normal rats and diabetic rats fed VCO.
3) VCO may protect the kidneys of diabetic rats through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties from compounds like lauric acid. This suggests VCO is
Edible Bird’s Nest Attenuates Procoagulation Effects of High-Fat Diet in RatsElabscience
Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is used traditionally in many parts of Asia to improve wellbeing, but there are limited studies on its
efficacy. We explored the potential use of EBN for prevention of high fat diet- (HFD-) induced insulin resistance in rats.
This document summarizes research on inulin, a type of soluble fiber. Inulin is found naturally in various plants and foods. It acts as a prebiotic that feeds beneficial gut bacteria, and fermentation of inulin by these bacteria produces compounds that may impact health. The document reviews studies showing inulin can positively influence risk factors for cardiovascular disease like obesity, dyslipidemia and blood sugar levels. While human studies have been limited and conflicting, regular inclusion of inulin in the diet may help manage these risk factors.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF SOYA BEAN CHUNKS SUPPLEMENTION DURING HEMODIALYSISNeeleshkumar Maurya
This document summarizes a study on the therapeutic effects of soybean chunk supplementation during hemodialysis. The study involved 30 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis, who were divided into two groups. The first group received standard hemodialysis treatment, while the second group received hemodialysis treatment plus dietary counseling to consume 50g of soybean chunks daily, which are a rich source of protein and nutrients. Biochemical parameters like hemoglobin, serum albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly improved in the group that received soybean chunk supplementation compared to those who only received standard hemodialysis treatment. The results indicate that providing nutrient-enriched foods like soybean chunks and dietary counseling can
Heterogeneity and Crosstalk of Human Brown Adipose TissueInsideScientific
To learn more and watch the webinar, go to:
https://insidescientific.com/webinar/heterogeneity-and-crosstalk-human-brown-adipose-tissue-obesity-series-2020
Adipose tissues contain lipid-filled adipocytes but are also composed of several other cell types including adipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, immune cells and neuronal cells. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contains thermogenic adipocytes which produce heat in response to cold, an energy-consuming process. Today, it is well established that adipose tissue function is highly dependent on the plasticity of the tissue due to the interaction of different cell types present within the tissue. In addition, the function of adipose tissue is controlled by secreted factors, called adipokines or batokines. Some of these cytokines affect nearby cells within the adipose tissue while others are secreted into the circulation for communication at the organ level.
In this exclusive live webinar, Camilla Schéele, Associate Professor at The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research in Copenhagen, Denmark and Christian Wolfrum, Professor at ETH Zürich in the Department of Health Science and Technology in Zürich, Switzerland discuss broader aspects of brown adipose tissue and share late-breaking research relating to the role of BAT in whole body metabolic regulation.
This study compared the lipid profiles of 10 vegetarians and 10 non-vegetarians between the ages of 20-85. The study found that non-vegetarians had significantly higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL, and lower HDL than vegetarians. Specifically, non-vegetarians had a mean total cholesterol of 224.02 mg/dl compared to 145.96 mg/dl for vegetarians. The results suggest that a vegetarian diet is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis than a non-vegetarian diet. However, the study had limitations such as a small sample size and lack of dietary analysis and calls for further research with more rigorous methodologies.
Evaluation of anti atherosclerotic activity of virgin coconut oilRam Sahu
1. The study evaluated the anti-atherosclerotic effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in male Wistar rats fed high lipid and high carbohydrate diets to induce atherosclerosis.
2. Rats fed VCO along with normal, high carbohydrate, and high lipid diets had significantly lower body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL, but higher HDL compared to control diet groups after 8 weeks.
3. VCO treatment also significantly reduced the atherogenic index and increased percentage of protection against atherosclerosis in all diet groups compared to controls. This suggests VCO has anti-atherosclerotic properties.
This document discusses glycine, an amino acid that has anti-inflammatory properties and may be conditionally essential for humans. It covers glycine's role in collagen production, metabolic syndrome, stroke, and other diseases. Studies show glycine supplementation can reduce inflammation and improve metabolic markers in people with conditions like metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Animal studies also indicate glycine's protective effects against liver damage, cancer, and other issues. Dietary sources of glycine include collagen, gelatin, bone broth, and magnesium glycinate.
Sex, Sugar, Fat, and Heat: Factors That Affect Energy Budgets, Weight Managem...InsideScientific
Dr. Lauren Woodie and Dr. Matthew Morris present their research involving metabolism, diet, and energy expenditure in mouse models.
The Physio-Metabolic Effects of Western Diet-Induced Obesity in a Male Mouse Model
Lauren Woodie, PhD
Obesity is a major public health concern that can result from consuming a Western diet (WD), characterized by a diet high in fat and sugar, including sugar sweetened beverages. A proposed treatment for WD-induced obesity is time-restricted feeding (TRF), which restricts consumption of food to specific times of the 24-hour cycle. TRF improves metabolic health by aligning the timing of food intake with the circadian rhythms of nutrient metabolism and shows great promise to prevent obesity and the development of chronic disease by resynchronizing the circadian clock. However, the ability of TRF to reverse metabolic changes in animal models of WD-induced obesity is not known. Moreover, the exact role of timing liquid sugar intake, independent of timing solid food intake, on the development of WD-induced obesity remains to be determined. We hypothesize that ad libitum liquid sugar consumption confounds the effects of solid calorie TRF. Overall, the present results indicate that solid and liquid calorie consumption strategically restricted to the active phase can improve some of the deleterious physio-metabolic effects of Western diet feeding.
Interaction of Housing Temperature and Sex Impacts Metabolic Response in Mice
E. Matthew Morris, PhD
Housing temperature can be used to produce divergent energy expenditure in mice. This difference in energy expenditure results in temperature- and sex- specific differences in the metabolic response to short-term high-fat, high-sucrose feeding. These differences appear in the form of sex differences in weight gain and changes in body composition. This work supports the energy flux hypothesis, where energy intake is more highly coupled to energy demand at higher energy expenditure levels in mice. In this study, we will also demonstrate that greater basal energy expenditure is associated with greater metabolic flexibility to diet and diet-induced non-shivering thermogenesis, particularly in female mice.
Key Topics Include:
Mouse models of Western diet-induced obesity
Time restricted calorie consumption
Differences in basal energy expenditure results in sex differences in weight gain and body composition
Energy flux hypothesis
Greater basal energy expenditure is associated with greater metabolic flexibility
Edible Bird’s Nest Attenuates Procoagulation Effects of High-Fat Diet in RatsElabscience
Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is used traditionally in many parts of Asia to improve wellbeing, but there are limited studies on its
efficacy. We explored the potential use of EBN for prevention of high fat diet- (HFD-) induced insulin resistance in rats.
This document summarizes research on inulin, a type of soluble fiber. Inulin is found naturally in various plants and foods. It acts as a prebiotic that feeds beneficial gut bacteria, and fermentation of inulin by these bacteria produces compounds that may impact health. The document reviews studies showing inulin can positively influence risk factors for cardiovascular disease like obesity, dyslipidemia and blood sugar levels. While human studies have been limited and conflicting, regular inclusion of inulin in the diet may help manage these risk factors.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF SOYA BEAN CHUNKS SUPPLEMENTION DURING HEMODIALYSISNeeleshkumar Maurya
This document summarizes a study on the therapeutic effects of soybean chunk supplementation during hemodialysis. The study involved 30 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis, who were divided into two groups. The first group received standard hemodialysis treatment, while the second group received hemodialysis treatment plus dietary counseling to consume 50g of soybean chunks daily, which are a rich source of protein and nutrients. Biochemical parameters like hemoglobin, serum albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly improved in the group that received soybean chunk supplementation compared to those who only received standard hemodialysis treatment. The results indicate that providing nutrient-enriched foods like soybean chunks and dietary counseling can
Heterogeneity and Crosstalk of Human Brown Adipose TissueInsideScientific
To learn more and watch the webinar, go to:
https://insidescientific.com/webinar/heterogeneity-and-crosstalk-human-brown-adipose-tissue-obesity-series-2020
Adipose tissues contain lipid-filled adipocytes but are also composed of several other cell types including adipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, immune cells and neuronal cells. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contains thermogenic adipocytes which produce heat in response to cold, an energy-consuming process. Today, it is well established that adipose tissue function is highly dependent on the plasticity of the tissue due to the interaction of different cell types present within the tissue. In addition, the function of adipose tissue is controlled by secreted factors, called adipokines or batokines. Some of these cytokines affect nearby cells within the adipose tissue while others are secreted into the circulation for communication at the organ level.
In this exclusive live webinar, Camilla Schéele, Associate Professor at The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research in Copenhagen, Denmark and Christian Wolfrum, Professor at ETH Zürich in the Department of Health Science and Technology in Zürich, Switzerland discuss broader aspects of brown adipose tissue and share late-breaking research relating to the role of BAT in whole body metabolic regulation.
This study compared the lipid profiles of 10 vegetarians and 10 non-vegetarians between the ages of 20-85. The study found that non-vegetarians had significantly higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL, and lower HDL than vegetarians. Specifically, non-vegetarians had a mean total cholesterol of 224.02 mg/dl compared to 145.96 mg/dl for vegetarians. The results suggest that a vegetarian diet is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis than a non-vegetarian diet. However, the study had limitations such as a small sample size and lack of dietary analysis and calls for further research with more rigorous methodologies.
Evaluation of anti atherosclerotic activity of virgin coconut oilRam Sahu
1. The study evaluated the anti-atherosclerotic effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in male Wistar rats fed high lipid and high carbohydrate diets to induce atherosclerosis.
2. Rats fed VCO along with normal, high carbohydrate, and high lipid diets had significantly lower body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL, but higher HDL compared to control diet groups after 8 weeks.
3. VCO treatment also significantly reduced the atherogenic index and increased percentage of protection against atherosclerosis in all diet groups compared to controls. This suggests VCO has anti-atherosclerotic properties.
This document discusses glycine, an amino acid that has anti-inflammatory properties and may be conditionally essential for humans. It covers glycine's role in collagen production, metabolic syndrome, stroke, and other diseases. Studies show glycine supplementation can reduce inflammation and improve metabolic markers in people with conditions like metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Animal studies also indicate glycine's protective effects against liver damage, cancer, and other issues. Dietary sources of glycine include collagen, gelatin, bone broth, and magnesium glycinate.
Sex, Sugar, Fat, and Heat: Factors That Affect Energy Budgets, Weight Managem...InsideScientific
Dr. Lauren Woodie and Dr. Matthew Morris present their research involving metabolism, diet, and energy expenditure in mouse models.
The Physio-Metabolic Effects of Western Diet-Induced Obesity in a Male Mouse Model
Lauren Woodie, PhD
Obesity is a major public health concern that can result from consuming a Western diet (WD), characterized by a diet high in fat and sugar, including sugar sweetened beverages. A proposed treatment for WD-induced obesity is time-restricted feeding (TRF), which restricts consumption of food to specific times of the 24-hour cycle. TRF improves metabolic health by aligning the timing of food intake with the circadian rhythms of nutrient metabolism and shows great promise to prevent obesity and the development of chronic disease by resynchronizing the circadian clock. However, the ability of TRF to reverse metabolic changes in animal models of WD-induced obesity is not known. Moreover, the exact role of timing liquid sugar intake, independent of timing solid food intake, on the development of WD-induced obesity remains to be determined. We hypothesize that ad libitum liquid sugar consumption confounds the effects of solid calorie TRF. Overall, the present results indicate that solid and liquid calorie consumption strategically restricted to the active phase can improve some of the deleterious physio-metabolic effects of Western diet feeding.
Interaction of Housing Temperature and Sex Impacts Metabolic Response in Mice
E. Matthew Morris, PhD
Housing temperature can be used to produce divergent energy expenditure in mice. This difference in energy expenditure results in temperature- and sex- specific differences in the metabolic response to short-term high-fat, high-sucrose feeding. These differences appear in the form of sex differences in weight gain and changes in body composition. This work supports the energy flux hypothesis, where energy intake is more highly coupled to energy demand at higher energy expenditure levels in mice. In this study, we will also demonstrate that greater basal energy expenditure is associated with greater metabolic flexibility to diet and diet-induced non-shivering thermogenesis, particularly in female mice.
Key Topics Include:
Mouse models of Western diet-induced obesity
Time restricted calorie consumption
Differences in basal energy expenditure results in sex differences in weight gain and body composition
Energy flux hypothesis
Greater basal energy expenditure is associated with greater metabolic flexibility
Calories, Carbs, or Quality? What Matters Most for Body WeightInsideScientific
The document summarizes a presentation by Kevin Hall on factors influencing body weight regulation. Hall discusses how dietary factors like amount of carbohydrates, fat, and ultra-processed foods affect human body weight based on studies using mathematical models of metabolism. A key finding is that consumption of ultra-processed foods leads to increased calorie intake and subsequent weight gain compared to unprocessed or minimally processed diets, even when calories are controlled.
This document summarizes new randomized controlled trials in critical care nutrition published between 2009-2011 and their impact on existing clinical practice guidelines. It discusses several new RCTs on probiotics, fish oils, arginine, glutamine, and lipid emulsions. For probiotics and fish oils, the new evidence strengthens recommendations for their use. However, for arginine and glutamine, the new RCTs did not clearly support benefits. Overall, the new data impacts some recommendations and highlights areas requiring further research.
Pumpkin seed oil extracted from cucurbita maxima improves urinary disorder in...Younis I Munshi
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the effects of pumpkin seed oil extracted from Cucurbita maxima on urinary dysfunction in human overactive bladder. Forty-five subjects took 10 grams per day of pumpkin seed oil from C. maxima for 12 weeks. Urinary function was evaluated at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score. The results showed that pumpkin seed oil from C. maxima significantly reduced OABSS scores after both 6 and 12 weeks, suggesting it may be effective for treating urinary disorders like overactive bladder in humans.
Diabetes mellitus is spreading around the world, penetrating populations not only in poor and developing countries, but also in developed ones. Propolis, a complex resinous material collected by honey bees from buds and exudates of certain plant sources, containing flavonoids pinocebrin, galangin, chrysin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
The use of propolis as an alternative healing therapy for type-2 diabetes mellitus has been claimed to alleviate the disease. Previous studies state that propolis improves normal homeostasis by balancing the body’s condition through the enhancement of the immune system. The histological analysis of the liver shows that at a dose of 50–200 mg/kg BW propolis does not show a toxic effect so that the dose is categorized safe.
Therefore, the ethanolic soluble derivative of propolis (EEP) extract warrant further studies as an antidiabetic agent that is safe for humans.
Effect of crude oil pollution on phytochemical and anti diabetic potentials o...ijtsrd
Objectives This study is aimed at investigating the effect of crude oil pollution on the phytochemical content and anti diabetic potentials of Oxytenanthera abyssinica rhizomes in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats using standard methods. Method The ability of the extracts to reduce blood glucose level in normal rats was done using 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of non crude oil polluted Oxytenanthera abyssinica extract NCOPOAE and 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of crude oil polluted Oxytenanthera abyssinica extract COPOAE respectively. Alloxan monohydrate at 130 mg kg b.w was used to induce diabetes to rats and was treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of NCOPOAE and 100, 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of COPOAE respectively while phytochemical analysis was done following standard method. Results Oral glucose tolerance test revealed significant decrease in plasma glucose concentration p 0.05 in groups of rats fed 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of NCOPOAE at intervals of 30, 60 and 120 minutes while that of COPOAE, none significantly decreased the plasma glucose concentration, when compared with those of control groups. The extracts did not have any significant effect in alloxan induced diabetic model. Conclusion These results could indicate that crude oil pollution could affect the synthesis of phytochemicals in plants therefore affecting the ethnomedicinal potencies. It also shows that O. abyssinca rhizomes could be more potent in management of type 2 diabetes where the cells are resistant to insulin. Kizito Ifeanyi Amaefule | Jonathan Chinenye Ifemeje | Chinenye Azuka Mere "Effect of crude oil pollution on phytochemical and anti-diabetic potentials of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (rhizomes) in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26557.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biochemistry/26557/effect-of-crude-oil-pollution-on-phytochemical-and-anti-diabetic-potentials-of-oxytenanthera-abyssinica-rhizomes-in-normal-and-alloxan-induced-diabetic-rats/kizito-ifeanyi-amaefule
Rice bran is fabricated from the rice milling enterprise and contains about 10% of the entire weight of rough rice. It is especially composed of aleurone, pericarp, subaleurone layer, and germ. Rice bran is a fertile supply of nutrients, minerals, vital fatty acids, dietary fiber, and different sterols. The quantification of γ-oryzanol in rice bran can be conducted by many methods that require drawing out of rice bran oil (RBO) from the bran, accompanied by way of evaluation of the quantity of γ-oryzanol in the RBO with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography. RBO is the oil drain out of the outer rigid surface of rice called chaff (rice husk). It is identified for its excessive smoke factor of 232°C (450°F) and soft taste, making it pleasant for excessive-temperature cooking strategies such as blend and deep frying. It is healthy for human expenditure, which is employed in the system of vegetable ghee. Wax was drawn out of RBO and palpanese extract, which is employed for carnauba wax in makeup, confectionery, shoe lotions, and sharpening compounds. It is accepted as a food preparation oil in numerous Asian countries, along with Bangladesh, Japan, India, and China. Regarding the importance of RBO, this overview intends to pay attention at the phytochemistry and therapeutic functions of RBO.
Cnw170 heyland nutrition risk assessment.v3 feb 19 17 revisedbejo10
This document summarizes a presentation on nutrition risk assessment in critically ill patients. It discusses various tools and factors that can help identify patients who may benefit most from nutrition therapy, including the NUTRIC score. The NUTRIC score was developed using several variables to predict outcomes like mortality and ventilator days. Studies have since validated the NUTRIC score in different populations and databases. However, not all low NUTRIC score patients may be the same, and certain subgroups like those with low BMI or longer ICU stays may still benefit from optimal nutrition intake.
Animal Model Selection, Study Design and Current Trends in Preclinical Obesit...InsideScientific
During this presentation, Dr. Fred Beasley gives a broad-level overview of the factors to consider when deciding on an appropriate preclinical rodent model for studying obesity and its treatments. It features an overview of trends in obesity and associated illnesses, and the role of pharmacological intervention. Dr. Beasley discusses criteria for establishing a study’s aims and review commonly used rodent models obesity, addressing both genetically inherited and diet-induced obesity. The webinar concludes with additional considerations for improving your study design.
Key topics include…
- An introduction to the role of pharmacological intervention in treating obesity
- A guide to establishing study aims for obesity research
- An overview of commonly used rodent obesity models (diet and genetic)
- Additional considerations for obesity research study design
Key methods reviewed include…
Pharmacotherapy, diet induced obesity, Western-style diet, monogenic obese rodents, polygenic obese rodents, NAFLD activity score
Can snacking really be good for today’s teens? - Vitafoods Europe 2016Nutrition & Biosciences
The Life Stages Theater presentation at Vitafoods Europe 2016 by Garry J. Mendelson, PhD, Applied Nutrition Science Manager, DuPont Nutrition & Health.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of aged black garlic extract (ABG) on obesity and hyperlipidemia in rats fed a high-fat diet. The study found that ABG extract significantly lowered body weight and fat pad weight in rats compared to controls. It also improved lipid profiles by decreasing serum triglycerides and hepatic total cholesterol. ABG extract increased the glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio in serum and the liver, and decreased serum lipid peroxidation levels. The results suggest that ABG extract may help reduce obesity and dyslipidemia by decreasing body fat accumulation and regulating lipid profiles and antioxidant defenses.
Dr Q's Perfect Meal is a protein supplement powder containing a proprietary blend of New Zealand whey protein concentrate, glutamine, glycine, and taurine. It also contains fiber, medium-chain triglycerides, and other nutrients. The document discusses the various health benefits of the ingredients, such as supporting muscle recovery, immune function, gastrointestinal health, and body composition. It provides details on the product's macronutrient ratio and lack of fructose.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the phytochemical composition of Cassia alata leaf extract and its effect on the histology of the pancreas in diabetic rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and treated with Cassia alata extract, insulin or saline for 28 days. Results showed Cassia alata contains phytochemicals like saponins, flavonoids, tannins, oxalate and alkaloids. It reduced blood sugar in diabetic rats, regenerated destroyed pancreatic islet cells, and may potentiate beta cell regeneration through its phytochemical composition.
This document discusses the health benefits of dietary fiber. It defines fiber and categorizes it as insoluble or soluble. Sources of each type of fiber are provided. The document outlines recommended daily fiber intake and reviews studies showing fiber can help lower cholesterol, control blood sugar levels, reduce colon cancer risk, and promote weight control. Soluble fibers like konjac, beta-glucan and pectin are highlighted for their health benefits.
Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow- Derived Stromal Cells in Type 2 Di...CrimsonpublishersITERM
Type 2 Diabetes is a debilitating metabolic disorder which is also the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Current therapeutic regimes to date have failed to achieve significant long-term glycemic control even with intensive insulin therapy as revealed by deregulated Hb1Ac and C-peptides levels. In the current study, we have evaluated the effect of regenerative cellular therapy for functional recovery from Diabetic pathophysiology. 10 patients with a median age of 51 years were selected for the study and subjected to bone marrow isolation. These samples were processed under sterile conditions for the enrichment of mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) from bone marrow. After strict quality control and characterization of cells, 2 x 106 cells/kg of BM MNCs were infused back into the patient through the anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery. We performed an evaluation of clinical parameters like Body Mass Index, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Fasting Plasma Insulin, HbA1c and C-peptide levels, and followed up the patients for 12 months. Our study showed a reduction in insulin dependency by ≥ 50%.
Everyday Good Health: The Nutrient Rich Way by Lynley DrummondKiwifruit Symposium
Lynley Drummond, Director of Drummond Food Science Advisory, New Zealand. Presented at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/everyday-good-health-the-nutrient-rich-way/
This presentation considers the role of fruit, in particular kiwifruit, in the diet and how the nutrient-rich, and phytonutrient-rich properties can contribute to the improvement of health outcomes
A study was conducted to evaluate weight loss using a high antioxidant cocoa meal replacement and lifestyle intervention over 12 weeks. Fifty participants consumed 2 meal replacements per day along with a sensible third meal, totaling 1,200-1,500 calories daily. They participated in weekly phone calls and self-monitoring groups. The average weight loss was 31.3 pounds with a 5.8 inch waist circumference reduction. Weight loss ranged from 6.6-24.6% of starting weight. No dropouts occurred, showing the program's effectiveness through accountability and lifestyle changes.
This study evaluated the effects of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups, including normal controls and diabetic controls. Diabetic rats were treated with various doses of Moringa extracts for 30 days. Treatment with some doses of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly reduced blood glucose and lipid levels and improved liver and kidney functions compared to diabetic controls. Histological examination showed the highest dose of ethanolic extract improved liver, kidney and pancreatic tissues. The results suggest Moringa extracts have antidiabetic potential by reducing hyperglycemia and protecting organ function.
Math Specialist Initiatives and Future Directions (Oregon)Nicole Rigelman
This document outlines the history and development of mathematics specialist initiatives in the United States from 1981 to 2010. Key events include recommendations from organizations like NCTM and the National Research Council to establish mathematics specialist roles and certifications. Several states began offering certification programs for elementary mathematics specialists around 2000-2010 according to standards developed by organizations like AMTE. Research on mathematics specialists shows their impact generally increases over time, with specialists having the greatest influence on student achievement and teacher practice in their second and third years working with teachers.
The document summarizes key aspects of plant evolution and life cycles. It discusses how plants evolved adaptations like roots, stems, leaves and a waxy cuticle to colonize land. It describes the alternation of generations in plant life cycles, where the haploid gametophyte generates gametes and the diploid sporophyte undergoes meiosis. Major plant groups like mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms are characterized. Angiosperms are highlighted, with flowers housing gametophytes that produce eggs fertilized by pollen to form seeds.
Understanding your Brand: The difference between Mission & Vision statementsVictoria Nessen
A mission statement describes an organization's purpose and focus in plain terms, defining what it does today. A vision statement describes future goals and aspirations of a business, focusing on defining future accomplishments whereas a mission statement is about today's work. Together, mission and vision statements help define and guide an organization's brand.
Calories, Carbs, or Quality? What Matters Most for Body WeightInsideScientific
The document summarizes a presentation by Kevin Hall on factors influencing body weight regulation. Hall discusses how dietary factors like amount of carbohydrates, fat, and ultra-processed foods affect human body weight based on studies using mathematical models of metabolism. A key finding is that consumption of ultra-processed foods leads to increased calorie intake and subsequent weight gain compared to unprocessed or minimally processed diets, even when calories are controlled.
This document summarizes new randomized controlled trials in critical care nutrition published between 2009-2011 and their impact on existing clinical practice guidelines. It discusses several new RCTs on probiotics, fish oils, arginine, glutamine, and lipid emulsions. For probiotics and fish oils, the new evidence strengthens recommendations for their use. However, for arginine and glutamine, the new RCTs did not clearly support benefits. Overall, the new data impacts some recommendations and highlights areas requiring further research.
Pumpkin seed oil extracted from cucurbita maxima improves urinary disorder in...Younis I Munshi
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the effects of pumpkin seed oil extracted from Cucurbita maxima on urinary dysfunction in human overactive bladder. Forty-five subjects took 10 grams per day of pumpkin seed oil from C. maxima for 12 weeks. Urinary function was evaluated at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score. The results showed that pumpkin seed oil from C. maxima significantly reduced OABSS scores after both 6 and 12 weeks, suggesting it may be effective for treating urinary disorders like overactive bladder in humans.
Diabetes mellitus is spreading around the world, penetrating populations not only in poor and developing countries, but also in developed ones. Propolis, a complex resinous material collected by honey bees from buds and exudates of certain plant sources, containing flavonoids pinocebrin, galangin, chrysin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
The use of propolis as an alternative healing therapy for type-2 diabetes mellitus has been claimed to alleviate the disease. Previous studies state that propolis improves normal homeostasis by balancing the body’s condition through the enhancement of the immune system. The histological analysis of the liver shows that at a dose of 50–200 mg/kg BW propolis does not show a toxic effect so that the dose is categorized safe.
Therefore, the ethanolic soluble derivative of propolis (EEP) extract warrant further studies as an antidiabetic agent that is safe for humans.
Effect of crude oil pollution on phytochemical and anti diabetic potentials o...ijtsrd
Objectives This study is aimed at investigating the effect of crude oil pollution on the phytochemical content and anti diabetic potentials of Oxytenanthera abyssinica rhizomes in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats using standard methods. Method The ability of the extracts to reduce blood glucose level in normal rats was done using 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of non crude oil polluted Oxytenanthera abyssinica extract NCOPOAE and 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of crude oil polluted Oxytenanthera abyssinica extract COPOAE respectively. Alloxan monohydrate at 130 mg kg b.w was used to induce diabetes to rats and was treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of NCOPOAE and 100, 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of COPOAE respectively while phytochemical analysis was done following standard method. Results Oral glucose tolerance test revealed significant decrease in plasma glucose concentration p 0.05 in groups of rats fed 200 and 400 mg kg b.w of NCOPOAE at intervals of 30, 60 and 120 minutes while that of COPOAE, none significantly decreased the plasma glucose concentration, when compared with those of control groups. The extracts did not have any significant effect in alloxan induced diabetic model. Conclusion These results could indicate that crude oil pollution could affect the synthesis of phytochemicals in plants therefore affecting the ethnomedicinal potencies. It also shows that O. abyssinca rhizomes could be more potent in management of type 2 diabetes where the cells are resistant to insulin. Kizito Ifeanyi Amaefule | Jonathan Chinenye Ifemeje | Chinenye Azuka Mere "Effect of crude oil pollution on phytochemical and anti-diabetic potentials of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (rhizomes) in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26557.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biochemistry/26557/effect-of-crude-oil-pollution-on-phytochemical-and-anti-diabetic-potentials-of-oxytenanthera-abyssinica-rhizomes-in-normal-and-alloxan-induced-diabetic-rats/kizito-ifeanyi-amaefule
Rice bran is fabricated from the rice milling enterprise and contains about 10% of the entire weight of rough rice. It is especially composed of aleurone, pericarp, subaleurone layer, and germ. Rice bran is a fertile supply of nutrients, minerals, vital fatty acids, dietary fiber, and different sterols. The quantification of γ-oryzanol in rice bran can be conducted by many methods that require drawing out of rice bran oil (RBO) from the bran, accompanied by way of evaluation of the quantity of γ-oryzanol in the RBO with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography. RBO is the oil drain out of the outer rigid surface of rice called chaff (rice husk). It is identified for its excessive smoke factor of 232°C (450°F) and soft taste, making it pleasant for excessive-temperature cooking strategies such as blend and deep frying. It is healthy for human expenditure, which is employed in the system of vegetable ghee. Wax was drawn out of RBO and palpanese extract, which is employed for carnauba wax in makeup, confectionery, shoe lotions, and sharpening compounds. It is accepted as a food preparation oil in numerous Asian countries, along with Bangladesh, Japan, India, and China. Regarding the importance of RBO, this overview intends to pay attention at the phytochemistry and therapeutic functions of RBO.
Cnw170 heyland nutrition risk assessment.v3 feb 19 17 revisedbejo10
This document summarizes a presentation on nutrition risk assessment in critically ill patients. It discusses various tools and factors that can help identify patients who may benefit most from nutrition therapy, including the NUTRIC score. The NUTRIC score was developed using several variables to predict outcomes like mortality and ventilator days. Studies have since validated the NUTRIC score in different populations and databases. However, not all low NUTRIC score patients may be the same, and certain subgroups like those with low BMI or longer ICU stays may still benefit from optimal nutrition intake.
Animal Model Selection, Study Design and Current Trends in Preclinical Obesit...InsideScientific
During this presentation, Dr. Fred Beasley gives a broad-level overview of the factors to consider when deciding on an appropriate preclinical rodent model for studying obesity and its treatments. It features an overview of trends in obesity and associated illnesses, and the role of pharmacological intervention. Dr. Beasley discusses criteria for establishing a study’s aims and review commonly used rodent models obesity, addressing both genetically inherited and diet-induced obesity. The webinar concludes with additional considerations for improving your study design.
Key topics include…
- An introduction to the role of pharmacological intervention in treating obesity
- A guide to establishing study aims for obesity research
- An overview of commonly used rodent obesity models (diet and genetic)
- Additional considerations for obesity research study design
Key methods reviewed include…
Pharmacotherapy, diet induced obesity, Western-style diet, monogenic obese rodents, polygenic obese rodents, NAFLD activity score
Can snacking really be good for today’s teens? - Vitafoods Europe 2016Nutrition & Biosciences
The Life Stages Theater presentation at Vitafoods Europe 2016 by Garry J. Mendelson, PhD, Applied Nutrition Science Manager, DuPont Nutrition & Health.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of aged black garlic extract (ABG) on obesity and hyperlipidemia in rats fed a high-fat diet. The study found that ABG extract significantly lowered body weight and fat pad weight in rats compared to controls. It also improved lipid profiles by decreasing serum triglycerides and hepatic total cholesterol. ABG extract increased the glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio in serum and the liver, and decreased serum lipid peroxidation levels. The results suggest that ABG extract may help reduce obesity and dyslipidemia by decreasing body fat accumulation and regulating lipid profiles and antioxidant defenses.
Dr Q's Perfect Meal is a protein supplement powder containing a proprietary blend of New Zealand whey protein concentrate, glutamine, glycine, and taurine. It also contains fiber, medium-chain triglycerides, and other nutrients. The document discusses the various health benefits of the ingredients, such as supporting muscle recovery, immune function, gastrointestinal health, and body composition. It provides details on the product's macronutrient ratio and lack of fructose.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the phytochemical composition of Cassia alata leaf extract and its effect on the histology of the pancreas in diabetic rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and treated with Cassia alata extract, insulin or saline for 28 days. Results showed Cassia alata contains phytochemicals like saponins, flavonoids, tannins, oxalate and alkaloids. It reduced blood sugar in diabetic rats, regenerated destroyed pancreatic islet cells, and may potentiate beta cell regeneration through its phytochemical composition.
This document discusses the health benefits of dietary fiber. It defines fiber and categorizes it as insoluble or soluble. Sources of each type of fiber are provided. The document outlines recommended daily fiber intake and reviews studies showing fiber can help lower cholesterol, control blood sugar levels, reduce colon cancer risk, and promote weight control. Soluble fibers like konjac, beta-glucan and pectin are highlighted for their health benefits.
Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow- Derived Stromal Cells in Type 2 Di...CrimsonpublishersITERM
Type 2 Diabetes is a debilitating metabolic disorder which is also the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Current therapeutic regimes to date have failed to achieve significant long-term glycemic control even with intensive insulin therapy as revealed by deregulated Hb1Ac and C-peptides levels. In the current study, we have evaluated the effect of regenerative cellular therapy for functional recovery from Diabetic pathophysiology. 10 patients with a median age of 51 years were selected for the study and subjected to bone marrow isolation. These samples were processed under sterile conditions for the enrichment of mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) from bone marrow. After strict quality control and characterization of cells, 2 x 106 cells/kg of BM MNCs were infused back into the patient through the anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery. We performed an evaluation of clinical parameters like Body Mass Index, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Fasting Plasma Insulin, HbA1c and C-peptide levels, and followed up the patients for 12 months. Our study showed a reduction in insulin dependency by ≥ 50%.
Everyday Good Health: The Nutrient Rich Way by Lynley DrummondKiwifruit Symposium
Lynley Drummond, Director of Drummond Food Science Advisory, New Zealand. Presented at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/everyday-good-health-the-nutrient-rich-way/
This presentation considers the role of fruit, in particular kiwifruit, in the diet and how the nutrient-rich, and phytonutrient-rich properties can contribute to the improvement of health outcomes
A study was conducted to evaluate weight loss using a high antioxidant cocoa meal replacement and lifestyle intervention over 12 weeks. Fifty participants consumed 2 meal replacements per day along with a sensible third meal, totaling 1,200-1,500 calories daily. They participated in weekly phone calls and self-monitoring groups. The average weight loss was 31.3 pounds with a 5.8 inch waist circumference reduction. Weight loss ranged from 6.6-24.6% of starting weight. No dropouts occurred, showing the program's effectiveness through accountability and lifestyle changes.
This study evaluated the effects of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups, including normal controls and diabetic controls. Diabetic rats were treated with various doses of Moringa extracts for 30 days. Treatment with some doses of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly reduced blood glucose and lipid levels and improved liver and kidney functions compared to diabetic controls. Histological examination showed the highest dose of ethanolic extract improved liver, kidney and pancreatic tissues. The results suggest Moringa extracts have antidiabetic potential by reducing hyperglycemia and protecting organ function.
Math Specialist Initiatives and Future Directions (Oregon)Nicole Rigelman
This document outlines the history and development of mathematics specialist initiatives in the United States from 1981 to 2010. Key events include recommendations from organizations like NCTM and the National Research Council to establish mathematics specialist roles and certifications. Several states began offering certification programs for elementary mathematics specialists around 2000-2010 according to standards developed by organizations like AMTE. Research on mathematics specialists shows their impact generally increases over time, with specialists having the greatest influence on student achievement and teacher practice in their second and third years working with teachers.
The document summarizes key aspects of plant evolution and life cycles. It discusses how plants evolved adaptations like roots, stems, leaves and a waxy cuticle to colonize land. It describes the alternation of generations in plant life cycles, where the haploid gametophyte generates gametes and the diploid sporophyte undergoes meiosis. Major plant groups like mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms are characterized. Angiosperms are highlighted, with flowers housing gametophytes that produce eggs fertilized by pollen to form seeds.
Understanding your Brand: The difference between Mission & Vision statementsVictoria Nessen
A mission statement describes an organization's purpose and focus in plain terms, defining what it does today. A vision statement describes future goals and aspirations of a business, focusing on defining future accomplishments whereas a mission statement is about today's work. Together, mission and vision statements help define and guide an organization's brand.
Somos una empresa nativa digital, creada para Internet y con una manera diferente de hacer las cosas. A lo largo de estos últimos 10 años hemos construido una compañía sin jerarquías con una cultura de empresa basada en la libertad y la responsabilidad, que nos ha permitido llegar a ser el partner tecnológico de algunas de las grandes empresas españolas. Te contamos cuál es nuestro secreto. ¿Quieres conocer la cultura digital de Paradigma?
El documento describe brevemente la belleza como una apreciación subjetiva relacionada con la hermosura. Luego enumera 7 tipos de mujeres: 1) analíticas, reflexivas y que piensan antes de reaccionar; 2) observadoras, multitareas y creativas; 3) contemplativas, sensoriales, emocionalmente tranquilas e intelectualmente profundas; 4) "concha", introvertidas y tímidas; 5) "stop-shop", amantes de las compras; 6) impulsivas, con reacciones instintivas; y 7) autón
This is a 6 month Influencing Skills training course of 2 'classroom days', with support in between courses, designed to make the learning stick using our unique Sticky Learning training method. Follow the link to see the course.
http://www.makingbusinessmatter.co.uk/training-courses/influencing-skills-training/
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review.Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. His theories parallel many other theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of growth in humans. Maslow used the terms "physiological", "safety", "belongingness" and "love", "esteem", "self-actualization", and "self-transcendence" to describe the pattern that human motivations generally move through.
Maslow studied what he called exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Jane Addams, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglass rather than mentally ill or neurotic people, writing that "the study of crippled, stunted, immature, and unhealthy specimens can yield only a cripple psychology and a cripple philosophy. Maslow studied the healthiest 1% of the college student population.
Maslow's theory was fully expressed in his 1954 book Motivation and Personality.The hierarchy remains a very popular framework in sociology research, management training[6] and secondary and higher psychology instruction.
Effect of Piper crocatum Extract Against Weight Loss and Liver Enzyme Levels ...iosrphr_editor
Piper crocatum is one of Indonesian medicinal plant that contain flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. Aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of Piper crocatum aqueous extract against a decrease in body weight (BW) and the activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (AMPK, ACC, FAS) in liver obese rats. This study used four groups of Sprague dawley rat (n = 6), including normal group (N), obese controls (OC), Piper crocatum extract dose 1260 mg/kgBW (PcA), and Piper crocatum extract dose of 1890 mg/kgBW (PcB). Measurement of metabolic liver enzyme levels (AMPK, ACC, FAS) are using ELISA kit (CusabioTM). Results of this study showed that the PcA group produce the highest reduction in body weight (4.52%), and the lowest levels of ACC (9.13 ng/g) and FAS (360.68 ng/g) which was significantly different from obese control group (95% CI). Piper crocatum extract can't activate AMPK. The highest levels in rat liver AMPK is in N group with 8.42 ng/g, but this value is not significantly different from other groups.
Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Torbangun Extract (Coleus amboinicus Lour) on ...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Gastroprotective effect of flavonoid quercetin and coenzyme Q10 in indomethac...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This study evaluated the antidiabetic potential of the flower of Withania coagulans Dunal in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic and aqueous extracts found the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, and proteins. Diabetic rats were treated with high and low doses of the extracts for 28 days. Results showed significant decreases in blood glucose levels of treated rats compared to untreated diabetic controls, suggesting antidiabetic properties. The findings indicate that bioactive compounds in W. coagulans may be useful for treating diabetes.
The study investigated the potential cardio- and hepato-protective effects of methanolic extracts of Syzygium cumini seeds in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Rats were given 100 or 200 mg/kg of the extract daily for 2 weeks, with blood glucose and organ function monitored. Extracts lowered blood glucose and improved heart and liver markers. Histological analysis found the 200 mg/kg extract reversed cardiac and liver damage from diabetes. The results support S. cumini's ability to control diabetes complications like cardiovascular and liver diseases.
INVESTIGATION OF ANTI DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF STEM OF MURRAYA KOENIGIIpharmaindexing
This document summarizes a study that investigated the anti-diabetic effects of Murraya koenigii stem. Rats were induced with diabetes using alloxan injections. The stem was extracted using ethanol and preliminary tests found tannins, phenols, and alkaloids present. Diabetic rats were orally administered the ethanol extract or a standard drug for 15 days. The extract significantly reduced blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and increased body weight compared to untreated diabetic rats, demonstrating anti-diabetic effects. Phytochemicals in the M. koenigii stem may be responsible for the anti-diabetic activity.
Antidiabetic and Cytoprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of SalaciaNitida ...IOSRJPBS
The document summarizes a study that investigated the antidiabetic and cytoprotective effects of the ethanolic root extract of Salacia nitida on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Key findings of the study include:
1) The ethanolic extract of S. nitida roots showed significant antidiabetic activity, demonstrated by a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose levels and increase in body weight of treated diabetic rats.
2) Histological examination showed the extract helped restore damaged pancreatic and kidney tissues in treated diabetic rats closer to normal.
3) The extract demonstrated significant glucose tolerance effects and may lower blood glucose through mechanisms like stimulating insulin production or protecting pancreatic beta cells.
Austin publishing group - Oral kefir grains supplementation improves metaboli...Austin Publishing Group
This study has a novel approach to investigate the effects of oral supplementation of kefir grains on metabolic improvement and the expression of the antioxidant enzymes Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Catalase (CAT) of the liver in malnourished mice.
The Ameliorative Potential of Dexmedetomidine and Benincasa Cerifera Extract ...Prof. Hesham N. Mustafa
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) represents the main reason for acute kidney injury (AKI). Dexmedetomidine (Dex) and Benincasa cerifera (BC) have wide benefits due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aims to illustrate the protective effects of BC and Dex on renal IRI in a diabetic model. Sixty adult male albino rats (Wistar strain), weighing 250–300 g, were included in the study. The rats were divided into four groups, as follows: sham group: (non-diabetic); diabetes mellitus (DM) + IRI group: streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats exposed to renal IRI on day 30 after diagnosis of diabetes; DM + IRI + BC group: STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with BC (500 mg/kg) for 30 days after diagnosis of diabetes, then exposed to renal IRI; and DM + IRI + Dex group: STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with Dex (100 µg/kg intraperitoneally) 5 min before induction of ischemia on day 30 after diagnosis of diabetes, then exposed to renal IRI. Biochemical parameters, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemical markers were evaluated. A significant improvement in the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical parameters were observed in the DM + IRI + BC group, while the DM + IRI + Dex group showed improvements in renal IRI and dyslipidemia. The present study demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a chief role in renal IRI in the STZ-induced diabetic model. Treatment with BC achieved excellent ameliorative effects, while treatment with DEX improved renal IRI.
Keywords:
Diabetes; Dexmedetomidine; Ischemia/Reperfusion; Oxidative Stress
This research article studied the effects of quercetin (QCT) on experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Rats were divided into three groups: a control group, a diabetic group induced with streptozotocin (STZ), and a QCT-treated group that received QCT before and after STZ induction. Blood glucose levels increased significantly in the diabetic group but decreased in the QCT-treated group. Histological analysis found that STZ caused pancreatic beta cell degeneration and inflammation in the diabetic group. QCT treatment reversed many of these changes in the pancreas and increased beta cell numbers. Immunohistochemistry revealed that STZ increased iNOS and caspase-3, markers of inflammation and apoptosis, while QCT
This document summarizes a study that induced diabetes in rats through intravenous injection of streptozotocin. The study aimed to compare changes in body weight, food/water consumption, urine volume, and blood glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels between normal and diabetic rats. Rats injected with 60 mg/kg streptozotocin developed diabetes within 3 days as the drug destroyed pancreatic beta cells. Diabetic rats showed increased glucose, water/food intake, and urine output compared to normal rats, but decreased weight, insulin, and C-peptide levels. Pancreas sampling confirmed beta cell destruction in diabetic rats. The study concluded streptozotocin successfully induced diabetes in rats through beta cell degeneration.
This document summarizes a study that induced diabetes in rats using streptozotocin to then study the effects of transplanting pancreatic islet cells. The researchers injected adult male Wistar rats intravenously with 60mg/kg of streptozotocin to destroy pancreatic beta cells and induce diabetes within 3 days. Diabetic and normal control rats were then monitored for changes in body weight, food/water consumption, urine volume, and blood glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels over 80 days. Biopsies of pancreatic tissue showed beta cell degeneration in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin successfully induced diabetes, shown by increased glucose and decreased insulin/C-peptide and weight in treated rats compared to
1) The study investigated the effects of corn silk extract (CSE) on glycemic metabolism in hyperglycemic mice.
2) CSE treatment significantly reduced blood glucose and HbA1c levels and increased insulin secretion in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice.
3) CSE treatment partly recovered damaged pancreatic β-cells in hyperglycemic mice. However, CSE did not inhibit gluconeogenesis or increase hepatic glycogen.
The document summarizes a study on the antidiabetic activity of Aegle marmelos leaves. The study involved inducing diabetes in rats using alloxan monohydrate. The rats were then divided into several groups, including a control group, diabetic group, group receiving A. marmelos extract, and group receiving the antidiabetic drug glibenclamide. Various biochemical parameters were measured and statistically analyzed after 20 days of treatment. The results suggest that A. marmelos extract was effective in managing diabetes, lowering blood glucose and improving other biochemical parameters in diabetic rats.
The ameliorative potential of hyphaene thebaica on streptozotocin induced dia...Prof. Hesham N. Mustafa
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal
disease. The aim of the current study is to investigate the possible beneficial effects
of Hyphaene thebaica in DN.
Materials and methods: For this, 50 male albino rats were divided into five
groups: group I — represented the control group; group II — received Hyphaene thebaica extracts of 150 mg/kg BW by oral gavage for 6 weeks; group III
— received single intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg BW)
to induce type-2 diabetes mellitus; group IV (protective) — diabetic rats received Hyphaene thebaica extract (150 mg/kg BW) orally for 6 weeks; group V
(curative) — received Hyphaene thebaica extract (150 mg/kg BW) orally after the
diagnosis of DN.
Results: In the DN protected group, blood glucose, urea, and creatinine decreased
significantly, while insulin and C-peptide increased significantly. Moreover, cystatin C
and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin decreased. Collagen fibre deposition is increased with an apparent thickening of the parietal layer of Bowman’s
capsules and the basal lamina of convoluted tubules, as well as increase of the
immune-reaction of caspase-3 and desmin. The introduction of Hyphaene thebaica
led to greater amelioration in the biochemical markers, apoptotic alterations, and
podocyte injuries of the protected group than in the curative group.
Conclusions: Hyphaene thebaica may be advised as a good choice that can delay
diabetic renal complications. (Folia Morphol 2015; 74, 4: 447–457)
Key words: diabetic nephropathy, Hyphaene thebaica, podocyte injury,
apoptosis
The document summarizes a study that investigated the antidiabetic effects of Vinca rosea extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Key findings include:
1) Methanolic extracts of Vinca rosea reduced blood glucose levels in a dose-dependent manner and improved body weight, lipid profiles, and other diabetes-related biomarkers.
2) The extracts showed regeneration of pancreatic beta cells and restoration of cellular population in the islets of Langerhans.
3) The high dose extract (500mg/kg) was more effective than the low dose (300mg/kg) in managing diabetes symptoms after 14 days, showing similar effects to the antidiabetic drug gliben
This study evaluated the antidiabetic activity of Gluconarc (AYU-DIA), an Ayurvedic formulation, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into groups: normal control, diabetic control, groups treated with AYU-DIA doses of 105mg/kg or 210mg/kg, and a group treated with glibenclamide. AYU-DIA at 210mg/kg showed significant reduction in blood glucose in glucose tolerance and adrenaline hyperglycemia tests compared to controls. In alloxan-induced diabetes, AYU-DIA at 210mg/kg and glibenclamide significantly reduced blood glucose over 7 days compared to diabetic controls
Comparative Study of The Antioxidant Activities of Monodora Myristica And A. ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO): A Natural Way to Lose WeightJhonSelim
This document discusses the health benefits of virgin coconut oil (VCO) based on 10 controlled human studies. It finds that VCO may provide benefits for fat loss and metabolism based on 5 studies. Additionally, 5 other studies found VCO had positive effects on cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to other oils. The document also reviews several other potential health benefits of VCO, including antioxidant and stress-reducing effects, hepatoprotective properties, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, ability to aid wound healing, benefits for dermatitis, and use as an ocular rewetting agent.
- Critically ill patients are at high risk of malnutrition due to poor nutrient intake and increased metabolic demands.
- Early enteral nutrition within 48 hours is recommended to improve outcomes when possible. Parenteral nutrition may be considered after 1 week if enteral nutrition is not feasible.
- Nutrition support aims to meet caloric and protein goals to reduce catabolism and support anabolism while avoiding overfeeding. Standard enteral formulas are preferred over specialty formulas.
- Careful monitoring is needed to optimize delivery of nutrition and minimize risks like aspiration while the patient's condition and ability to tolerate feeds is changing.
2. 2 Physiology Journal
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plants
2.1.1. Preparation of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Dry coconuts
were purchased from Gakem, Okuku, and Bekwarra markets
in the northern part of Cross River State, Nigeria. The nuts
were broken manually; its meat was scrapped from the shell
and cut into small piece using a sharp paring knife. The cut
pieces were grinded in a grinding machine into viscous slurry
and, thereafter, squeezed through cheese cloth to obtain
coconut milk which was put into glass jars. The glass jars
containing the squeezed coconut milk were left for at least
24 hours to allow the coconut milk and oil to separate into
a layer of curd which appears at the top of the jars. The jars
were refrigerated for 48 hours so that the curd could harden.
Thereafter, the curd was scooped out and discarded leaving
the pure virgin oil in the jars. The obtained VCO was decanted
into a bottle with a plastic screw cap and stored at room
temperature for use in the present study.
However, the preparation of the 10% virgin coconut
oil diet was done by mixing and mashing 100 g of virgin
coconut oil with 900 g of normal rat chow until there was
homogeneity.
The preparation of the 10% virgin coconut oil meal was
done on regular demand [9].
2.2. Experimental Animals. Fifteen (15) male albino Wistar
rats weighing 200–250 g were used in this study. The rats
were purchased at the animal house of the Department
of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences,
Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku
Campus, Nigeria. The animals were kept in cages with
suitable temperature, humidity, water, and normal rat chow
for 2 weeks to acclimatize.
2.3. Induction of Diabetes Mellitus. The animals were weighed
and injected via intraperitoneal route with 150 mg/kg of
alloxan (Sigma) dissolved in normal saline [10].
2.4. Assessment of Blood Glucose Level. Diabetes mellitus
was confirmed after 72 hours of alloxan injection by testing
the fasting blood glucose levels using Accu-Check Active
glucometer and glucose test strip. The accuracy of the test
result was confirmed by the use of glucose test kit.
2.5. Experimental Procedure. This work was carried out on 3
groups of rats which comprise 2 control groups (normal and
diabetic controls) and 1 test group (diabetic rats fed with 10%
virgin coconut oil); each group contained 5 rats and they were
placed in different cages for proper identification. However,
all experiments on the animals were carried out in absolute
compliance with ethical guideline for research, care, and use
of laboratory animals.
2.5.1. Group I: Normal Control. The animals in this group
served as control and were fed on normal rat chow and water
ad libitum for 3 weeks.
2.5.2. Group II: Diabetic Control. The animals were injected
intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg−1
of alloxan to induce dia-
betes mellitus. The animals were also fed on normal rat chow
and water ad libitum for 3 weeks after diabetes induction.
2.5.3. Group III: Diabetic Rats Fed on Virgin Coconut Oil Diet.
Also, each animal in this group was injected intraperitoneally
with 150 mg/kg−1
of alloxan. The animals were fed on 10%
virgin coconut oil diet and water ad libitum for 3 weeks.
2.6. Blood Sample Collection. At the end of the 3 weeks of
feeding the animals, the animals were anaesthetized with
chloroform and 5 mL syringe was used to collect blood
samples into test tubes through cardiac puncture method. The
bloods in the test tubes were centrifuged at 3000 revolutions
for 10 minutes to obtain serum for specific renal function
analysis such as serum creatinine, serum urea, blood urea
nitrogen (BUN), and serum total protein.
2.7. Renal Function Analysis. Creatinine, urea, blood urea
nitrogen, and total protein were evaluated with commercially
available kits from Randox Laboratories Limited (United
Kingdom) via spectrophotometry.
3. Results
The results obtained were presented as the mean ± stan-
dard error of mean (SEM) and analysed using analysis of
variance (ANOVA) with post hoc test (LSD, least significant
differences) through Statistics Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 17. The results were considered significant
from 𝑃 < 0.05.
3.1. Effect of VCO on Creatinine Value. In Figure 1, the creati-
nine values of normal control group, diabetic control group,
and diabetic fed with VCO group were 0.76 ± 0.04 mg/dL,
3.14 ± 0.05 mg/dL, and 1.40 ± 0.02 mg/dL, respectively. The
mean value of diabetic control group showed a significant
(𝑃 < 0.001) increase in creatinine value when compared to
normal control group and diabetic fed with VCO. Also, a
significant (𝑃 < 0.001) increase in creatinine value in diabetic
fed with VCO group was observed when compared to the
normal control group.
3.2. Effect of VCO on Urea Value. Figure 2 showed the urea
value of normal control group, diabetic control group, and
diabetic fed with VCO group (38.67 ± 1.48 mg/dL, 75.11 ±
0.64 mg/dL, and 59.65 ± 0.60 mg/dL, resp.). The urea value
of diabetic control group significantly increased (𝑃 < 0.001)
when compared to the normal control group and diabetic fed
with VCO group. Also, there was significant increase (𝑃 <
0.001) in urea value of diabetic fed with VCO group when
3. Physiology Journal 3
a
b
0
1
2
3
4
Control Diabetic without Diabetic with
Creatinine(mg/dL)
Control
Diabetic without VCO
Diabetic with VCO
VCO VCO
∗
Figure 1: Chart showing creatinine level of control and diabetic
group with or without virgin coconut oil (VCO). a
Significantly
different from control group (𝑃 < 0.001). b
Significantly different
from diabetic without VCO (𝑃 < 0.001). ∗
All the error bars are
SEMs.
a
b
0
20
40
60
80
Bloodurea(mg/dL)
∗
Control Diabetic without Diabetic with
Control
Diabetic without VCO
Diabetic with VCO
VCO VCO
Figure 2: Chart showing blood urea levels of control and diabetic
groups with or without virgin coconut oil (VCO). a
Significantly
different from control group (𝑃 < 0.001). b
Significantly different
from diabetic without VCO (𝑃 < 0.001). ∗
All the error bars are
SEMs.
a
b
0
10
20
30
40
Bloodureanitrogen(mg/dL)
∗
Control Diabetic without Diabetic with
Control
Diabetic without VCO
Diabetic with VCO
VCO VCO
Figure 3: Chart showing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels of
control and diabetic groups with or without virgin coconut oil
(VCO). a
Significantly different from control group (𝑃 < 0.001).
b
Significantly different from diabetic without VCO (𝑃 < 0.001). ∗
All
the error bars are SEMs.
compared to normal control group (59.65 ± 0.60 mg/dL and
38.67 ± 1.48 mg/dL, resp.).
3.3. Effect of VCO on Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). In Figure 3,
blood urea nitrogen of normal control group, diabetic control
group, and diabetic fed with VCO group was 18.06 ±
0.67 mg/dL, 35.07 ± 0.30 mg/dL, and 27.85 ± 0.28 mg/dL,
respectively. The value of diabetic control group was signif-
icantly higher (𝑃 < 0.001) when compared to normal control
group and diabetic fed with VCO group. Also, a significant
increase in BUN value of diabetic fed with VCO group was
observed when compared to normal control group (27.85 ±
0.28 mg/dL and 18.06 ± 0.67 mg/dL, resp.). In addition, a
significant difference was observed between diabetic fed with
VCO group and diabetic control group, 27.85 ± 0.28 mg/dL
and 35.07 ± 0.30 mg/dL, respectively.
3.4. Effect of VCO on Total Protein. In Figure 4, the value
of diabetic control group (4.42 ± 0.14 mg/dL) showed a
significant decrease in protein value when compared to
normal control group (5.78 ± 0.12 mg/dL) and diabetic fed
with VCO group (5.86 ± 0.19 mg/dL) at 𝑃 < 0.05. There
was no significant difference (𝑃 < 0.05) in total protein
value of diabetic fed with VCO group when compared
to normal control group, 5.86 ± 0.19 mg/dL and 5.78 ±
0.12 mg/dL, respectively. Also, a significant difference was
observed between diabetic fed with VCO group and diabetic
control group, 5.86 ± 0.19 mg/dL and 4.42 ± 0.47 mg/dL,
respectively.
4. 4 Physiology Journal
a
b
0
2
4
6
8
Serumtotalprotein(mg/dL)
∗
Control Diabetic without Diabetic with
Control
Diabetic without VCO
Diabetic with VCO
VCO VCO
Figure 4: Chart showing serum total protein levels of control
and diabetic groups with or without virgin coconut oil (VCO).
a
Significantly different from control group (𝑃 < 0.05). b
Significantly
different from diabetic without VCO (𝑃 < 0.05). ∗
All the error bars
are SEMs.
4. Discussion
Renal dysfunction as a result of diabetes mellitus can be
assessed by serum creatinine, urea, BUN, and total protein.
Therefore, this suggested that there is strong relationship
between these parameters and renal dysfunction. Thus, an
increase in creatinine, urea, and BUN occurs when there
is renal dysfunction or damage. The increment in serum
creatinine, urea, and BUN observed in this study clearly
indicated that diabetes mellitus causes damage or dysfunction
of the kidney in diabetics. Hence, the results of this study
were in accordance with various studies which showed raised
serum creatinine, urea, and BUN levels in diabetic patients
[11, 12]. Also, in this study, there were increased levels of these
kidney function parameters (except total protein) in diabetic
control group when compared to normal control and diabetic
test group. The increment observed in diabetic control group
revealed that untreated diabetes mellitus caused severe dys-
function of the kidney compared to treated diabetes mellitus
through dietary consumption of virgin coconut oil.
According to previous research [13, 14], coconut water
and coconut milk were reported to have renoprotective and
regenerative effects on the kidney and pancreas of diabetic
rats; therefore, it is not unreasonable to suggest that virgin
coconut oil has remedial and protective effects on the kidneys
of diabetic rats like coconut water and coconut milk.
However, the remedial effect of virgin coconut oil may
probably be due to the earlier reported antioxidant and anti-
inflammatory properties of virgin coconut oil as a result of
its chemical components especially medium chain fatty acid
such as lauric acid [7, 8, 15].
In addition, in this study, it was observed that there was
a decrease in serum total protein of diabetic control group
compared to normal control and diabetic test group. This was
probably because of the damaging effects diabetes mellitus
has on the kidney tissues of diabetic control group which
was minimized in diabetic test group as a result of dietary
consumption of virgin coconut oil.
In conclusion, this present study showed that diabetes
mellitus has degenerating and destructive effects on the
kidneys which can lead to renal dysfunction but can be sig-
nificantly reversed by dietary consumption of virgin coconut
oil.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests
regarding the publication of this paper.
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