Uncover the power of fiber By Dr. Mar B. Nieto Inventor, HMM nutr-i-care Products

1. Bringing nature’s diversity to your table! “ A new generation of wellness foods for the modern-day consumers” UNCOVER THE POWER OF FIBER Dr. Mar B. Nieto Inventor, HMM Nutricare Products

2. The AACC [American Association of Cereal Chemists] in 2000 defines “ Dietary Fiber as the edible parts of plants or analogous carbohydrates that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine with complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine. Dietary fiber includes polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, lignin, and associated plant substances. Dietary fibers promote beneficial physiological effects including laxation, and/or blood cholesterol attenuation, and/or blood glucose attenuation.”

3. General Categories of Fiber - Insoluble in water; No functional properties in foods except as filler/bulking agent - Soluble in water; multiple functionality in foods such thickening, gelling agent, emulsifying, film forming, binding Insoluble Fiber Soluble Fiber

6. Soluble and Insoluble Fiber Sources

7. How Much Dietary Fiber we need? The American Dietetic Association--- 20-35 g/day National Cancer Institute- -------------- 25-30 g/day The recommended ratio is 50:50. For instance, of the 30 g fiber consumption per day….. 15 g insoluble fiber 15 g soluble fiber

9. 1. Cholesterol Lowering *Thick soluble fibers [konjac, beta-glucan, pectin, etc.] are more effective *Mechanism – Bind bile acids, tiny loss in the bowel, replaced by liver by converting cholesterol from the blood to bile acid HEALTH BENEFITS *SOLUBLE FIBER

10. National Cholesterol Education Program Total Serum Cholesterol Normal…….. 200 mg/dL or lower Borderline…..200 to 239 mg/dL High Risk……Over 240 mg/dL HDL Cholesterol Normal for Men….40 to 50 mg/dL Normal for Women…50 to 60 mg/dL The new guidelines from the NCEP recommend lowering LDL cholesterol to below 70 mg/dL for high risk patients and to below 100 mg/dL for moderate risk patients.

11. Cholesterol Studies with Gums

12. Meta-Analyses # of Studies……………...67 Subjects………………….2,990 Men………………..1,733 Women…………….1011 Not Specified………246 Fiber dose………………...9.5 g per day Ave. Treatment Period…...49 days [ Source: Brown et al., 1999 ]

13. [ Source: Brown et al., 1999 ] Daily Cholesterol Reduction Based on Meta-Analyses

14. Recently, a pooled analysis of 10 prospective cohort studies of dietary fiber intake in the U.S. and Europe found that each 10 g/day increase in total dietary fiber intake was associated with a 14% decrease in the risk of coronary events, such as myocardial infarction (MI), and a 24% decrease in deaths from CHD Source: Pereira MA, O'Reilly E, Augustsson K, et al., 2004

15. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by elevations in blood sugar levels afflicting 17 million people in the US or 8% of population [ Source: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/hp.asp] Type 1 - Also called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or juvenile onset diabetes mellitus [JODM]. Type 2 - Type 2 diabetes was also referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), or adult onset diabetes mellitus (AODM). 2. Diabetes Control

16. Guar Gum Dose - 14.5 g gum in a pudding like carrier containing 50 g glucose, 10 healthy subjects Plasma glucose is reduced to 61.7%, similar reduction for plasma insulin [Braaten et al., 1991] Studies on Gums

17. Konjac 22 diabetics subjects given 3.6 g of konjac/day for 28 days; Fasting glucose between 6.7-14.4 mmol/L Reduction by 23.2% during the study period 5.1 to 11 mmol/L. Fecal neutral sterol and bile acid concentrations were increased by 18.0% (p = 0.004) and 75.4% (p < 0.001), respectively, with KGM supplement

18. Beta-Glucan Study 1 : dose of 12 g gum, 5 diabetics subjects Lower glycemic response; improved insulin response [Yokoyama et al ]; Study 2: 14.5 g gum in a pudding like carrier containing 50 g glucose, 10 healthy subjects Plasma glucose is reduced to 57.2%, similar reduction for plasma insulin [Braaten et al., 1991].

19. Soluble fiber forms a protective coating or shields starches and sugars from digestive enzymes. Thus, glucose is absorbed more gradually into the bloodstream Mechanism of Action

20. 3. Protection Against Colon Cancer Research has shown that diets high in fiber, both soluble & insoluble fiber, protect against colon cancer. *By binding toxins and carcinogens and protecting the inner lining of the colon. *Regulate bowel movement, thereby minimizing the colon's exposure to carcinogens in the diet.

21. Study 1: On Total Dietary Fiber Summary of a review of 48 studies of diet and colorectal cancer risk . Data strongly suggest that fiber protect against colon cancer from 38 out of 48 of these studies. [Source: Lanza, 1990] Study 2 : Soluble Fiber Modified Citrus Pectin -Prevents metastasis of cancer cells [Source: Nutrition Review by English and Dean, 2005]

22. Prebiotic are ingredients that boost the growth of beneficial probiotic bacteria in the gut Worth €87 million in the European marketplace but are forecast to reach €179.7 million by 2010. [Source: Frost & Sullivan] Non-viscous and fermentable gums are more effective 4. Gums as Prebiotic

23. Fermentability of Selected SDF Soluble Dietary Fiber Gum Acacia Karaya Agar Alginates Carrageenan Guar Locust Bean Gum 71 5 21 - 28 0-13 < 15 76-100 9 - 16 15 - 59 Fermentability (%) 70-85; 97.4% Pectin Xanthan CMC/Methylcellulose Inulin 10 100 [Source: Dreher, 1987; Barry et al., 1995]

24. Prebiotic Studies 1. Howard, et al., 1995 - FOS and gum arabic effectively stimulate growth of Bifidobacteria 2. Titgemeyer, et al., 1991 - Exp 1. Short chain fatty acid production is studied for different fiber. Pectin> soy fiber>sugar beet>pea fiber>oat fiber Exp 2. Gum arabic, gum arabic-guar mixture, and apple pectin > oat or corn fiber 3. Bliss et al., 2001 - Supplementation with psyllium or gum arabic improved stool consistency and decreased incontinence among subjects.

25. 5. Appetite & Weight Control Because fiber absorbs water, it takes up a considerable amount of room in the stomach, creating a feeling of fullness.

26. Double Blind Study With Glucomannan Fiber Duration………….8 weeks # of Subjects……..20 [all obese] Dose……………..500 mg/8 oz water prior to each meal No Change in diet Results showed a significant mean weight loss of 5.5 lb. using glucomannan over an eight-week period without changing diet. In addition, serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were significantly reduced (21.7 and 15.0 mg/dl respectively) in the glucomannan treated group. Source: Int J Obes. 1984;8(4):289-93.

27. PO Box 408, Abingdon MD 21009 [USA] Phone: 410-569-9117; www.hmmnutricare.com The Ultimate Wellness Foods Nature’s variety in instant meals! See Dr. Nieto’s other presentations: NUTRITION BASICS 1 – MACRONUTRIENTS NUTRITION BASICS 2 – MICRONUTRIENTS MODERN NUTRITION – PROTECTIVE NUTRIENTS Dr. Mar Nieto Inventor of HMM Nutricare Products Outside Consultant of Nutriexcel