- Accidents and injuries continue to impose huge economic costs in Australia, estimated at $80 billion annually or around 8% of GDP. However, approaches to improving occupational health and safety over the past 45 years have had limited success, focusing more on blame than preventing recurrences. - High-risk industries like aviation have shown that achieving reliability targets of 1 in 10 billion failures or better is possible through rigorous engineering design redundancy and ensuring organizational systems integrity. However, most companies still operate at much lower reliability levels. - A paradigm shift is needed towards a whole-of-operation hazard management approach, mandatory SMS, broader application of principles from high-risk industries, and evidence-based practice to finally curb the epidemic proportions of