This document discusses prototype and usability testing as part of the design thinking process. It defines a prototype as a simple experimental model used to test ideas and validate designs quickly and cheaply. There are different types of prototypes including paper, digital native, and front-end prototypes. Usability testing refers to evaluating a product by testing it with representative users to uncover problems, discover opportunities to improve the design, and learn about user behavior and preferences. Elements of usability testing include a facilitator, participant, observer, tasks, and feedback. Qualitative testing focuses on collecting insights while quantitative testing collects metrics like task success and time on task. Remote unmoderated testing tools like Marvel and Maze are also presented.