1) The document discusses solutions for improving mobility in private housing developments and existing urban areas through sustainable transportation like walking and cycling.
2) It proposes developing elevated routes dedicated to walking and cycling that are environmentally controlled for comfort, and integrated with social spaces, retail, and offices to encourage use.
3) Such "elevated eco cities" could reduce fuel consumption and costs significantly, while becoming self-funded through real estate rentals and energy generation.
Need and Components of TOD-based Form Based Codes and TOD Regulations; Difference Between Model Codes and Specific Codes; Customization of Form Based Code concept to Indian conditions.
Need and Components of TOD-based Form Based Codes and TOD Regulations; Difference Between Model Codes and Specific Codes; Customization of Form Based Code concept to Indian conditions.
Вэйвэнь Хуан "Многоуровневые городские изыскания: какие системы управления и ...mosurban
Weiwen Huang "Multi-Ground City exploration: What governance and city planning systems are needed to build and operate 21st century infrastructure"
Вэйвэнь Хуан "Многоуровневые городские изыскания: какие системы управления и городского планирования необходимы для строительства и эксплуатации инфраструктуры XXI века"
Presentation at TOD training program by ADB - covering TOD basics, 5 TOD principles, What is TOD, Sustainability, Delhi, Bangaluru, ADB, ADB training, National TOD Policy, Pedestrian, Walkability, NMT, Non motorized transport, Women Safety, Setbacks, Women friendly environment, women oriented urban design, urban design, urban planning, Street safety, natural surveillance, Connectivity, Network planning, Pedshed analysis, multimodal integration, Form Based Codes, DDA, IRSDC, MOHUA, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Railways, Delhi Development Authority, Karol Bagh, Ajmal Khan, Pedestrianization, Affordable Housing, Karkadooma, Recycling, Daylighting, Energy modeling
2020 Karol Bagh Pedestrianization & Parking ManagementTOD India
The Pedestrianization and Parking Management project of Karol Bagh was approve by Governing Body of UTTIPEC in 2010 and initiated for implementation by North Delhi Municipal Corporation in 2019. The project was awarded as the best Non-Motorist Transport project by the Urban Mobility India in 2019.
The aim of this project was to improve the Mobility and accessibility of Karol Bagh and was planned in line with National Urban Transport Policy to prioritize mobility of people and encouragement of active modes. The project included improvement in pedestrian & NMT amenities and facilities, parking management, traffic management and circulation. The objectives of this project are:
• Prioritizing walking and other active modes (NMT, Rickshaw) and facilitating improved walking environment by providing comfortable and safe walking zone.
• Segregation of long term and short term parkers by creating off street and limited on street spaces
• Develop and organize on-street parking and off-street parking locations.
• Dynamic parking charges with costly on street parking and less costly differential off street parking to encourage long term parkers to use off street parking spaces.
• Provide public amenities such as public toilets, dustbins, benches etc.
• Revitalize the existing parks and integrate them with the shopping streets.
• Improve traffic circulation by creating one way loops and reducing conflicts at intersections. Improving pedestrian crossing facilities along streets, traffic calming facilities for safe movement.
• Organizing and managing spaces for hawkers
• Clear segregation of spaces with road marking.
• Improve wayfinding.
Getting the balance right between short term interventions and long term sust...Tristan Wiggill
A presentation by Ms Lisa Seftel (Executive Director: Transportation: City of Joburg) at the Transport Forum Month of Transport Celebrations 1 October 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme for the event was: "Trends in Policy Development for Transport" and the topic for the presentation was: "Getting the balance right between short-term interventions and long-term sustainability."
More like this on www.transportworldafrica.co.za
The TOD Study presented yesterday looked carefully at land use and transportation patterns, and then suggested the general contours for a reshaped downtown. Six potential development clusters were identified, including: the North Avenue Gateway (between Memorial Circle and I-95), the Central Corridor (between I-95 and the Metro-North tracks), Crossroads (the heart of the downtown, near the intersection of Huguenot and North), the West Gateway (where Huguenot and Main meet near Pintard), the East Gateway (around Echo Bay and Faneuil Park), and the I-95 Gateway (near the end of Palmer Avenue.)
National urban transportation policy has given certain guidelines wich is further being formulated into Electronic Mobility plan in Bhubaneswar city to create sustainable & eco-friendly public transportation.
This presentation was given by COE Pune for "Samavesh" - XVl Annual NOSPlan Convention. The Theme of Presentation - "Accessibility in Peri-urban area".
Hundreds of people worked to begin to improve beauty, safety and mobility in Pacific Beach over 6 months of 2014. A shared vision and action plan was developed through a community workshop to generate ideas and prioritize investment. Beautiful PB's leadership and guidance helped to fuel ongoing engagement in the community and on-the ground outreach by Circulate San Diego. Powered by Crowdbrite and funded by the San Diego Foundation.
Вэйвэнь Хуан "Многоуровневые городские изыскания: какие системы управления и ...mosurban
Weiwen Huang "Multi-Ground City exploration: What governance and city planning systems are needed to build and operate 21st century infrastructure"
Вэйвэнь Хуан "Многоуровневые городские изыскания: какие системы управления и городского планирования необходимы для строительства и эксплуатации инфраструктуры XXI века"
Presentation at TOD training program by ADB - covering TOD basics, 5 TOD principles, What is TOD, Sustainability, Delhi, Bangaluru, ADB, ADB training, National TOD Policy, Pedestrian, Walkability, NMT, Non motorized transport, Women Safety, Setbacks, Women friendly environment, women oriented urban design, urban design, urban planning, Street safety, natural surveillance, Connectivity, Network planning, Pedshed analysis, multimodal integration, Form Based Codes, DDA, IRSDC, MOHUA, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Railways, Delhi Development Authority, Karol Bagh, Ajmal Khan, Pedestrianization, Affordable Housing, Karkadooma, Recycling, Daylighting, Energy modeling
2020 Karol Bagh Pedestrianization & Parking ManagementTOD India
The Pedestrianization and Parking Management project of Karol Bagh was approve by Governing Body of UTTIPEC in 2010 and initiated for implementation by North Delhi Municipal Corporation in 2019. The project was awarded as the best Non-Motorist Transport project by the Urban Mobility India in 2019.
The aim of this project was to improve the Mobility and accessibility of Karol Bagh and was planned in line with National Urban Transport Policy to prioritize mobility of people and encouragement of active modes. The project included improvement in pedestrian & NMT amenities and facilities, parking management, traffic management and circulation. The objectives of this project are:
• Prioritizing walking and other active modes (NMT, Rickshaw) and facilitating improved walking environment by providing comfortable and safe walking zone.
• Segregation of long term and short term parkers by creating off street and limited on street spaces
• Develop and organize on-street parking and off-street parking locations.
• Dynamic parking charges with costly on street parking and less costly differential off street parking to encourage long term parkers to use off street parking spaces.
• Provide public amenities such as public toilets, dustbins, benches etc.
• Revitalize the existing parks and integrate them with the shopping streets.
• Improve traffic circulation by creating one way loops and reducing conflicts at intersections. Improving pedestrian crossing facilities along streets, traffic calming facilities for safe movement.
• Organizing and managing spaces for hawkers
• Clear segregation of spaces with road marking.
• Improve wayfinding.
Getting the balance right between short term interventions and long term sust...Tristan Wiggill
A presentation by Ms Lisa Seftel (Executive Director: Transportation: City of Joburg) at the Transport Forum Month of Transport Celebrations 1 October 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme for the event was: "Trends in Policy Development for Transport" and the topic for the presentation was: "Getting the balance right between short-term interventions and long-term sustainability."
More like this on www.transportworldafrica.co.za
The TOD Study presented yesterday looked carefully at land use and transportation patterns, and then suggested the general contours for a reshaped downtown. Six potential development clusters were identified, including: the North Avenue Gateway (between Memorial Circle and I-95), the Central Corridor (between I-95 and the Metro-North tracks), Crossroads (the heart of the downtown, near the intersection of Huguenot and North), the West Gateway (where Huguenot and Main meet near Pintard), the East Gateway (around Echo Bay and Faneuil Park), and the I-95 Gateway (near the end of Palmer Avenue.)
National urban transportation policy has given certain guidelines wich is further being formulated into Electronic Mobility plan in Bhubaneswar city to create sustainable & eco-friendly public transportation.
This presentation was given by COE Pune for "Samavesh" - XVl Annual NOSPlan Convention. The Theme of Presentation - "Accessibility in Peri-urban area".
Hundreds of people worked to begin to improve beauty, safety and mobility in Pacific Beach over 6 months of 2014. A shared vision and action plan was developed through a community workshop to generate ideas and prioritize investment. Beautiful PB's leadership and guidance helped to fuel ongoing engagement in the community and on-the ground outreach by Circulate San Diego. Powered by Crowdbrite and funded by the San Diego Foundation.
GreenCAB concept for Delhi is a public transportation system using a human-powered medium. GreenCAB is a dial-a-cycle-rickshaw service, similar to dial-a-cab service, which will attempt towards balancing demand and supply. Cycle Rickshaws are the key mode of transportation for short distances in India.
Promoting Sustainable Cities using Green transportJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation makes an effort to list few ideas as to how to make urban transportation sustainable and-- promoting accessibility rather than mobility --besides promoting pedestrianisation and cycling as preferred means of travel
Forget last mile travel - a new modality rising!Peter Biczók
First and last mile transport discussion is outdated. The Dutch national transport model shows that once passengers can rely on a bike hire system at the activity end of the trip, the attractiveness of transit soars. A new, interdependent! modality, bike-transit has been established that is more attractive and more socio-economical that the (automated) private car.
Bike Sharing for Multi-modal Transit - oBikeIan Goh
The first/last-mile problem – that is getting to and from public transit stations – is a major obstacle to use of public transit and the uptake of multi-modal transit paradigm. Bike sharing initiatives can help address this issue.
Austin Transit Partnership (ATP) unveiled 5 new light rail alternatives for Project Connect on an open house March 21, 2023. These alternatives differ greatly from the original plan proposed to voters in 2020 when the project was overwhelmingly authorized through a property tax increase. The original plan promised an underground light rail system downtown and an airport connection, now both seem to be unlikely.
ATP must re-evaluate core principles of the project to stay on budget, deliver transit connectivity promised to the voters, and create the backbone for a 21st century transit system for the region.
Light rail is too expensive, too slow, lacks regional expansion potential, and will be instantly outdated when implemented.
eBRT is already authorized by the ballot language and the contract with the voters. No additional elections are required for this change. When paired with the future potential of AEV transit, this approach provides the best solution for Austin today and in the future.
eBRT provides a reliable system backstop if AEV technology does not advance as quickly as projected. eBRT by itself would provide better, faster, and cheaper to operate service than LRT.
An AEV system with a tunneled backbone will have major equity benefits across the City and regionally, replacing existing transit lines with superior service.
To maximize the project benefit, the system must provide regional connectivity in addition to connectivity with the City of Austin. The lower cost per mile to deploy eBRT and AEV enables a larger and more connected system to be built today and in the future.
This is an opportunity to cement Austin as the global center for transit innovation.
This brochure describes the practical experiences of the cities’ introduction and extension of the usage of sharing schemes with traditional bicycles, electric bicycles as well as with electric and hybrid cars. Numerous advantages of sharing schemes are pointed out in the brochure. Besides saving money for the individual and improving the environment, the concept paves the way for multi-modal use of transport systems since the vehicle-sharing concept excels at high flexibility due to the independency of timetables and predetermined routes. Automated sharing systems can reliably be in operation year-round, day and night. Furthermore, the user freely chooses the fastest route to his destination not being bound to bus or train lines. In other words, a vehicle-sharing system adds customer value to the whole transport chain.
DYN@MO (2012-2016) is part of the CIVITAS Initiative, supporting cities to introduce ambitious transport measures and policies towards sustainable urban mobility.
Review of the Segregated Cycle Tracks in Bhopalijtsrd
The cities today witness an unprecedented immigration influx, majorly in all developing countries, as is the case of India. This means more vehicles on city roads. With the unavailability of walking and cycling infrastructure, people are forced to use vehicles majorly powered by petrol and diesel engines, ultimately increasing the carbon emissions. With smart, sustainable and segregated cycling and walking paths, the use of cycles will be encouraged and will contribute immensely in combating climate change. The study involves a case study of Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh, India. The importance of cycle lanes and its need is discussed through survey of pedestrians and cyclists. Shantanu Dubey | Rishika Sood | Dr. Manoj K. Trivedi "Review of the Segregated Cycle Tracks in Bhopal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38227.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/transport-engineering/38227/review-of-the-segregated-cycle-tracks-in-bhopal/shantanu-dubey
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
Analysis and Solution - A Real Estate Investor's Perspective - Ashutosh Hegde
1. ANALYSIS AND SOLUTION- A Real
Estate Investor’s perspective
Senior VP and Head- Investments at LICHFL Asset
Management Company
2. Session 5B: Re-imagining Gated Communities:
Sustainable Mobility in Private Housing
Developments
ANALYSIS AND SOLUTION- A Real Estate
Investor’s perspective
Ashutosh K Hegde
EMBARQ-
CONNECTKaro
Mumbai, India, 16th April 2013
3. Presentation Flow
An unusual solution
Benefits of the suggested solution
ANALYSIS AND SOLUTION- A Real Estate Investor’s perspective
Executive Summary
PE perspective for township development
Need for alternate models
3/18/2022 3
Challenges for Walkers and Cyclists
Township Developments
Solutions for existing urban developments
Funding
Caveats
4. Executive Summary
More efficient the transportation over long distances, more the choices
people has to locate their home and businesses.
Conversely, spread out land use patterns increase the demand for
transportation because of greater travel distances.
This has become an eternal cycle that we now find ourselves in, one that
is unsustainable in the long-run.
Township Development offers an opportunity to integrate transport and
land use.
Solutions are urgently needed for resolving transportation problems in the
existing urban development.
Providing dedicated and secure cycle tracks and making the ride
comfortable and interesting could be a solution to the problem.
3/18/2022 4
5. Township Developments
Advantages:
Township developments are being seen as a sustainable model for reducing
motorized travel, which offers an opportunity to integrate transport and land
use.
Across the Country, Governments are introducing incentives so as to make
townships self-sustainable by granting higher FSI’s for mixed land uses to make
them independent micro centres of urban growth and incorporating housing
for economically weaker sections.
Townships provide an opportunity for balanced and planned development.
Integrated Township will minimize travel distance.
Provision of dedicated walking and cycling tracks along tree lined avenues
with refreshing green cover may overcome discomfort in our hot and sweaty
environs.
Challenges:
Aggregation and acquisition of large contiguous land masses required for
township is becoming increasingly difficult.
Township eligibility criteria dictate a minimum cut off area of 100 acres or
more to be developed by one entity.
Obtaining Statutory Approvals take a long time.
3/18/2022 5
6. PE perspective for township development
3/18/2022 6
Challenges Solution
1
.
PE funds have a shelf life, typically
seeking exit between 3 to 6 years
while township developments
take longer time periods ranging
from 6 to 12 years to complete
Government could permit consortium
development on the back of a master plan
wherein a large project can be divided across
multiple developers facilitating development in
a parallel mode with multiple PE funds and
multiple developers as compared to the current
series mode which entails one developer for a
longer project life.
2 Typical IRR expectation varies
from 20 to 30%. The carrying cost
of initial investment over time
increases resulting in cost
escalation of the housing unit,
making it unaffordable for the
economically disadvantaged.
Government could offers tax incentives for
township development considering their critical
role in cutting down on fuel cost and saving
valuable foreign exchange. This in turn would
enable lowering return expectations of
Investors.
3 Developers require funding at pre
approval stage while funds are
not comfortable to expose
themselves to approval risk.
Government could provide a dedicated single
window approval mechanism which would grant
approvals within maximum 3 months.
7. Need for alternate models
Townships addresses transportation problems in new developments.
Solutions are needed to address the mobility issues arising from the chaos
in existing urban developments.
Cycling and walking as a choice of travel is virtually non-existent in
existing urban developments.
Choice of transportation modes provides more equitable access,
empowering the end users and result in improving liveability at our
existing urban areas.
3/18/2022 7
The existing infrastructure does not address safety issues for walkers and
cyclists due to uncontrolled Interaction with other transport modes.
The affluent sections taking up cycling or walking in a token manner may
not make a difference. The bulk of the population needs to be involved.
Cycling and walking in the hot and often humid climate in the midst of
dust, noise and pollution is a daunting task.
It will be challenging to replicate in our cities, success of cycling and
walking as a means of transportation in cleaner and cooler climates
abroad.
How do we encourage and incentivise walkers and cyclists?
Challenges for Walkers and Cyclists
8. Solutions for existing urban developments
Rapid mass transport systems like elevated or underground trains.
Bus Rapid Transit
Skywalks to cross major arterial roads.
Dedicated and cordoned paths for walkers and cyclists alongside road
transport.
Bicycles & even tricycles to be made available on hire which can be picked
up and parked at different locations, through a smart card, debiting users
on number of hours used.
Cycles fitted with Power generating mechanism integrated with mobile
batteries.
Cycles to be parked at docking stations with a power downloading facility
connected to a smart grid thus tapping the generated power and crediting
the rider for the power generated.
Incorporate amenities like shower rooms, etc. to make bicycling user
friendly.
For the model to be viable and self-sustaining, elements of real estate
may need to be incorporated.
3/18/2022 8
9. An unusual solution- Elevated Eco City
The solutions is based on the assumption that subject to conducive
environment, the distance which an average walker or cyclist comfortably
negotiates at one stretch is 2-3 km. and 6-9 km respectively.
An independent elevated route way for cyclists and walkers could be
explored where the system is designed in a modular grid pattern to enable
easy installation and dismantling.
To overcome climatic discomfort of cyclists and walkers, the environment
inside the elevated route could be controlled using air diffusers and other
artificial means powered by roof solar panels.
To improve user experience, integrate transportation with social spaces,
adding elements of entertainment, public spaces, retail outlets,
restaurants,, parks, rest rooms, guest houses and even office space along
the route to make travel not only interesting but the project self-funded.
Elevated cycling and walking could also complement the rapid transport
system serving as the last mile connectivity and as feeder routes.
In short it could be an elevated eco city with zero access for motorized
travel!
Alternatively an option to provide dedicated bicycle tracks and walkways
alongside elevated rapid transport system can also be explored.
3/18/2022 9
10. Benefits of the Elevated Eco City
End user cost benefit will chiefly consist of savings from replacement of
motorized transport.
Considering average travel distance of an end user at 5 kms/one way/day
aggregating to 250 kms / month, for a travelling cost ranging from Rs.
1/km (for public buses) to Rs. 15/km; users could save between Rs. 250 ($
4.5) to Rs.3750 ($ 68) per month.
Credit from power generation.
Reduced health maintenance costs.
Carbon Credits.
The real benefit lies in reduced use of fuel and consequently a reduced
current account deficit!
On an average assuming use of fuel @ 0.05 litres/km/person/day (fuel
efficiency of 3 kms/ litre for a Bus carrying 60 passengers), a 10 kms daily
commute would result in replacing use of 150 litres of fuel/ person/year.
Assuming that on a daily basis in Mumbai, 2 million citizen travel in the
proposed network, consumption of 300 million litres of fuel could be
avoided per year. Assuming basic fuel cost at say Rs. 25/litre, we avoid
burning Rs. 750 Cr. (135 MN. $ ) of fuel per year just in one city!
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11. Funding the Eco City
Assuming construction cost at Rs. 40,000/sqm., one kilometre of elevated
route for 16 mtr. width would cost Rs. 64 Cr.
Assuming space of 58,000 sft. rented @ Rs. 60/sft/month and advertisement
space of 22,000 sft rented@ Rs. 60/sft/month for a one kilometre stretch,
annual revenue could amount to Rs. 5.76 Cr or 1.05 MN $.
Income from renting cycles ignored.
ROI works to 9%.
At a preliminary level, the elevated eco city model makes economic sense.
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Caveats
Existing technology for converting pedal power into electricity is inefficient.
How doe we handle aesthetics of an elevated carriageway which if done
insensitively could be an eyesore?
Whether cyclists would be comfortable riding at an elevation from ground?
How many people would be ready to bicycle to work?
Unlike in cooler countries where cycling is a leisure activity or for health
reasons, whether in India after putting in a days work, there be an
inclination to cycle back home?