This document provides guidance on mainstreaming gender equality throughout an environmental management project cycle. It discusses integrating gender considerations during problem identification, project design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Specific questions are provided to ensure gender is considered at each stage. The document also includes two case studies from Ghana showing how projects have empowered women by reducing their fuelwood burden and engaging them in alternative livelihoods to address environmental degradation from charcoal production.
The politics of swidden: A case study from Nghe An and Son La in VietnamCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Pham Thu Thuy, Moira Moeliono, Maria Brockhaus, Grace Wong and Le Ngoc Dung at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
An introduction to CIFOR's global comparative study on REDD+ (GCS-REDD+)CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Maria Brockhaus at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Assessing REDD+ Benefit Sharing for Efficiency, Effectiveness and EquityCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Grace Wong, Cecilia Luttrell, Lasse Loft, Anastasia Yang, Maria Brockhaus, Shintia Arwida, Januarti Tjajadi, Pham Thu Thuy and Samuel Assembe-Mvondo at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Assessing progress in national REDD+ policy processesCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Monica Di Gregorio, M. Brockhaus, K. Korhonen-Kurki, J. Sehring, T. Cronin, S. Mardiah, L. Santoso, and E. Muharrom during the Forests Asia Summit in the discussion forum "Climate change: Low-emissions development and societal welfare - trade offs, risks and power struggles in forest and climate change policy arenas" focuses on the REDD Global Comparative Study (GCS), key policy challenges and regime types, how progress in REDD+ is actually defined and what conclusions can be drawn.
David Rees' presentation on using System Dynamics Approaches in the Energy Cultures research project. Given at ENERGY AT THE CROSSROADS
ENERGY INNOVATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY conference in Wellington, 2013.
The politics of swidden: A case study from Nghe An and Son La in VietnamCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Pham Thu Thuy, Moira Moeliono, Maria Brockhaus, Grace Wong and Le Ngoc Dung at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
An introduction to CIFOR's global comparative study on REDD+ (GCS-REDD+)CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Maria Brockhaus at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Assessing REDD+ Benefit Sharing for Efficiency, Effectiveness and EquityCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Grace Wong, Cecilia Luttrell, Lasse Loft, Anastasia Yang, Maria Brockhaus, Shintia Arwida, Januarti Tjajadi, Pham Thu Thuy and Samuel Assembe-Mvondo at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Assessing progress in national REDD+ policy processesCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Monica Di Gregorio, M. Brockhaus, K. Korhonen-Kurki, J. Sehring, T. Cronin, S. Mardiah, L. Santoso, and E. Muharrom during the Forests Asia Summit in the discussion forum "Climate change: Low-emissions development and societal welfare - trade offs, risks and power struggles in forest and climate change policy arenas" focuses on the REDD Global Comparative Study (GCS), key policy challenges and regime types, how progress in REDD+ is actually defined and what conclusions can be drawn.
David Rees' presentation on using System Dynamics Approaches in the Energy Cultures research project. Given at ENERGY AT THE CROSSROADS
ENERGY INNOVATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY conference in Wellington, 2013.
Transforming REDD+ lessons learned and way forwardCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Christopher Martius on April 5, 2019 at Workshop in Ethiopia ("Forests and climate change: research results and implications for REDD+ and forest governance in Ethiopia")
Greening of Corrections: Creating a Sustainable System
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Household Perspectives and value of Low-Carbon off-grid Energy Technologies i...AI Publications
Kenya is constrained by low rural clean energy access, particularly among communities in remote settings. The objective of this study is to evaluate the social value and preferences of low-carbon off-grid technologies by households in Kenyan rangelands as an alternative to the national grid for powering isolated low-income communities. To this end a household survey was conducted on a settlement in Laikipia North using interview schedules to assess demographic characteristics, energy consumption patterns and average expenditure on traditional fuels, clean energy awareness, preferences and willingness to pay. Key findings revealed that residential off-grid clean energy options studied were largely found to be socially viable, as rural households are willing to switch from high-carbon fuels, but affordability is a key concern. The most acceptable off-grid low-carbon lighting technologies for remote low-income homesteads are Pico solar lamps and solar panels, while portable Liquid petroleum gas stoves and clean cook-stoves were found to be the most acceptable technology for low-carbon cooking at household level due to the relatively low cost, and portability factors which are favorable for pastoralist communities. It was also found that despite the Kenyan Government commitment towards a green economy, a change in policy direction would be necessary to ensure that there is inclusive access to clean energy through awareness programs and targeted financial interventions in support of low-income energy-deprived communities.
Comparing progress in national REDD+ policy processesIIED
The presentation of Monica Di Gregorio, of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and University of Leeds, to the IIED-hosted Moving ahead with Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) workshop on 9-10 April 2014.
The presentation, made in the second session on moving beyond readiness and the role of the private sector, focused on whether NGOs and the private sector was heading in the right direction with REDD+ schemes, and doing the right thing.
More information on CIFOR's work: http://www.cifor.org/.
Further details of the workshop and IIED's work on REDD+ are available via http://www.iied.org/coverage-moving-ahead-redd-prospects-challenges-workshop.
REDD+ subnational initiatives: Key findings of CIFOR case bookCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given by William D. Sunderlin at "REDD+ Emerging? What we can learn from subnational initiatives", a CIFOR Official Side Event at COP 20 in Lima, Peru on Friday, 5 December.
What Works and What Doesn't? Introducing CIFOR's Benefit Sharing Knowledge ToolCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
The role of multistakeholder forums in subnational jurisdictions - Case Study...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Shintia Arwida, Ade Tamara, Nining Liswanti, Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti, Anne Larson at XVII Biennial IASC Conference, Lima, Jul 3, 2019
Policy Network Study: exploring the dynamics of REDD+ actor strings in IndonesiaCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: Interconnection Standards in California: A Regulatory Approach to a Fast-Changing Grid: Rachel Peterson, CPUC
Bill Carr, Senior Director, Transmission Analysis at Dynegy, uses AURORAxmp for short term, day-ahead forecasting.
In this presentation, he describes how AURORAxmp is front-loaded with transmission data from OASIS sites, with load, outage, fuel pricing and weather data from third-party vendors, and with load and fuel pricing and weather data from internal resources. The model is updated manually and automatically via linked data tables.
The updated model runs using AURORAxmp’s output templates. AURORAxmp gathers day-ahead and realtime numbers from the major trading hubs, and Carr reviews the numbers to make sure they make sense for the modeled time period.
Nodal Insights for Generation Owners and Modeling with AURORAxmpEPIS Inc
Managing consultant and power industry veteran, Bill Babcock, presented on "Nodal Insights for Generation Owners" at the 2014 EMFC and discusses why both local and interregional transmission constraints matter. He outlines what constitutes nodal hub prices vs. zonal prices, and discusses the role shift factors, congestion, and marginal losses have on prices. Based on work he has done modeling PJM with AURORAxmp’s Nodal Capability, including its LMP contributions output report, Bill shows how to identify those constraints that drive congestion-based LMP differences. Visit http://epis.com/xmp_in_action/real_examples.php for more real examples of AURORAxmp in action or visit http://epis.com/aurora_xmp/nodal_analysis.php to see more about Nodal Insights.
Transforming REDD+ lessons learned and way forwardCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Christopher Martius on April 5, 2019 at Workshop in Ethiopia ("Forests and climate change: research results and implications for REDD+ and forest governance in Ethiopia")
Greening of Corrections: Creating a Sustainable System
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Household Perspectives and value of Low-Carbon off-grid Energy Technologies i...AI Publications
Kenya is constrained by low rural clean energy access, particularly among communities in remote settings. The objective of this study is to evaluate the social value and preferences of low-carbon off-grid technologies by households in Kenyan rangelands as an alternative to the national grid for powering isolated low-income communities. To this end a household survey was conducted on a settlement in Laikipia North using interview schedules to assess demographic characteristics, energy consumption patterns and average expenditure on traditional fuels, clean energy awareness, preferences and willingness to pay. Key findings revealed that residential off-grid clean energy options studied were largely found to be socially viable, as rural households are willing to switch from high-carbon fuels, but affordability is a key concern. The most acceptable off-grid low-carbon lighting technologies for remote low-income homesteads are Pico solar lamps and solar panels, while portable Liquid petroleum gas stoves and clean cook-stoves were found to be the most acceptable technology for low-carbon cooking at household level due to the relatively low cost, and portability factors which are favorable for pastoralist communities. It was also found that despite the Kenyan Government commitment towards a green economy, a change in policy direction would be necessary to ensure that there is inclusive access to clean energy through awareness programs and targeted financial interventions in support of low-income energy-deprived communities.
Comparing progress in national REDD+ policy processesIIED
The presentation of Monica Di Gregorio, of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and University of Leeds, to the IIED-hosted Moving ahead with Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) workshop on 9-10 April 2014.
The presentation, made in the second session on moving beyond readiness and the role of the private sector, focused on whether NGOs and the private sector was heading in the right direction with REDD+ schemes, and doing the right thing.
More information on CIFOR's work: http://www.cifor.org/.
Further details of the workshop and IIED's work on REDD+ are available via http://www.iied.org/coverage-moving-ahead-redd-prospects-challenges-workshop.
REDD+ subnational initiatives: Key findings of CIFOR case bookCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given by William D. Sunderlin at "REDD+ Emerging? What we can learn from subnational initiatives", a CIFOR Official Side Event at COP 20 in Lima, Peru on Friday, 5 December.
What Works and What Doesn't? Introducing CIFOR's Benefit Sharing Knowledge ToolCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
The role of multistakeholder forums in subnational jurisdictions - Case Study...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Shintia Arwida, Ade Tamara, Nining Liswanti, Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti, Anne Larson at XVII Biennial IASC Conference, Lima, Jul 3, 2019
Policy Network Study: exploring the dynamics of REDD+ actor strings in IndonesiaCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: Interconnection Standards in California: A Regulatory Approach to a Fast-Changing Grid: Rachel Peterson, CPUC
Bill Carr, Senior Director, Transmission Analysis at Dynegy, uses AURORAxmp for short term, day-ahead forecasting.
In this presentation, he describes how AURORAxmp is front-loaded with transmission data from OASIS sites, with load, outage, fuel pricing and weather data from third-party vendors, and with load and fuel pricing and weather data from internal resources. The model is updated manually and automatically via linked data tables.
The updated model runs using AURORAxmp’s output templates. AURORAxmp gathers day-ahead and realtime numbers from the major trading hubs, and Carr reviews the numbers to make sure they make sense for the modeled time period.
Nodal Insights for Generation Owners and Modeling with AURORAxmpEPIS Inc
Managing consultant and power industry veteran, Bill Babcock, presented on "Nodal Insights for Generation Owners" at the 2014 EMFC and discusses why both local and interregional transmission constraints matter. He outlines what constitutes nodal hub prices vs. zonal prices, and discusses the role shift factors, congestion, and marginal losses have on prices. Based on work he has done modeling PJM with AURORAxmp’s Nodal Capability, including its LMP contributions output report, Bill shows how to identify those constraints that drive congestion-based LMP differences. Visit http://epis.com/xmp_in_action/real_examples.php for more real examples of AURORAxmp in action or visit http://epis.com/aurora_xmp/nodal_analysis.php to see more about Nodal Insights.
Marc Montalvo, Daymark Energy Advisors President and Principal Consultant, was a featured speaker at the PJM Symposium "Grid 20/20: Focus on Public Policy Goals and Market Efficiency" on August 18, 2016. Find the full set of his slides from the event here, or view the event recording at http://www.pjm.com/committees-and-groups/stakeholder-meetings/symposiums-forums/grid-2020-public-policy-goals-mkt-efficiency.aspx
Project Proposal: Youth Without ShelterRebecca Sivel
Project proposal written for Youth Without Shelter, A homeless youth shelter in the west end of Toronto. This proposal address mental illness among homeless youth through social programming.
2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: European codes & guidelines for the application of advanced grid support functions of inverters: Roland Bruendlinger, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology
2014 PV Performance Modeling Workshop: Results from Flash Testing at Multiple Irradiance and Temperatures across Five Photovoltaic Testing Labs: Junaid Fatehi, Yingli Green Energy Americas
Operationalizing a Gender‐Sensitive Approach in the Green Climate FundDr Lendy Spires
Climate change is not gender‐neutral. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has highlighted the variations in the extent to which people are affected by climate change, and are able to adapt, depending on a number of factors, including gender. In most countries there are differences in the economic activities, access to resources and decision‐making power of men and women.
These gender differences affect the ways people are impacted by, and respond to, climate change. Recognizing the importance of taking these gender differences into account, the Governing Instrument for the Green Climate Fund (GCF) specifically calls for taking a “gender‐sensitive approach”, making this the first fund to mandate the integration of gender‐based perspectives from the outset of its operations. Reinforcing the importance of this approach, COP 18 in Doha adopted a decision on promoting gender balance and improving the participation and representation of women.
Climate financing approaches will be more effective and provide broader benefits if they address rather than reinforce gender inequalities that increase the vulnerability of women to climate change and adversely affect their ability to contribute to mitigation and adaptation efforts. Women still face unequal access to political power, economic resources, legal rights, land ownership, bank credit, and technical training.
The GCF can promote gender equality by establishing structures and operating procedures that are careful to include women as well as men in decision‐making roles, respond to the particular needs of women for climate‐related financing, and enable women’s enterprises to benefit from new low‐carbon technologies and economic opportunities. The World Bank and other development finance actors have recognized the goal of actively promoting gender equality as “smart economics,” and have warned that not taking full advantage of women’s skills, knowledge and experience comes at a high economic cost. In the context of climate change these findings suggest that empowerment of women is an important ingredient in building climate resilience, and that low‐emission development pathways will be more effective and equitable where they are designed using a gender‐informed approach.
Many women are already engaged in economic sectors related to climate adaptation and mitigation efforts – including agriculture, renewable energy, and forest management. Supporting women’s activities through climate financing will lead to better results from initiatives in these sectors. For example, women make up the majority of small‐scale farmers in developing countries and often have specific knowledge relevant to climate change adaptation (including information about traditional land management techniques, soil enrichment and drought‐resistant seeds) but lack access to agricultural extension services, fertilizers, irrigation and mechanized equipment.
Energy innovation es8928 - renewable energy policy handbook -final m coviMarco Covi
A handbook for policy makers in the renewable energy field in Ontario. The handbook places a heavy importance on better consultation and public education on energy matters when it comes to the planning of large-scale energy projects and makes several suggestions on how to improve this. The handbook is timely as it was written in the context of the 2013 LTEP. In addition it serves as an accessible scientific reference guide for decision-makers and the broader public alike.
Comments to IJC on comment Preliminary Recommendations on Microplastics in th...LOWaterkeeper
The International Joint Commission (IJC) invited public comment on its Preliminary Recommendations on Microplastics in the Great Lakes for binational, science, policy, and education solutions to microplastic pollution. The Commission was interested in public comments on the following questions: Are the recommendations sound? Are any important considerations overlooked? Are there relevant examples from your community or business to consider?
Members of the public were invited to provide comments until November 10, 2016.
The Alliance for the Great Lakes, Environmental Defence Canada, EcoSuperior Environmental Programs, Freshwater Future, Freshwater Future Canada, and Lake Ontario Waterkeeper submitted these comments.
Chapter 2 Assignment The Economic Problem Scarcity & Choice.docxwalterl4
Chapter 2 Assignment: The Economic Problem: Scarcity & Choice20 Points
Chips or Salsa?
In this assignment, you will demonstrate your ability to draw a simple production possibilities curve given data on the quantity of one input (labor) and the amount of labor required to produce each of two outputs (bags of chips and cases of salsa). You should also be able to identify the opportunity cost of one good in terms of the other as the slope of the Production Possibilities Frontier. You will explain your analysis of the figures to explain why it’s not possible to produce combinations of the two goods outside the PPF.
Chips or Salsa?
Suppose a nation has a total of 12 units of labor, which can be used to produce either chips or salsa.
One bag of chips takes 2 units of labor to produce and one case of salsa takes 6 units of labor to produce.
· Explain why scarcity exists in this economy. Use the data as evidence of your reasoning.
· What is the maximum quantity of chip bags that can be produced?
· What is the maximum quantity of salsa cases than can be produced?
· Draw the nation’s production possibility frontier.
· What is the opportunity cost of bags of chips in this nation?
· Explain why the nation can’t produce both 4 bags of chips and 3 cases of salsa.
· Explain why the nation shouldn’t produce both 2 bag of chips and 1 cases of salsa.
Chapter 2 Assignment Rubric
Criteria
Not Evident
Developing
Proficient
Distinguished
Points
Explain why scarcity exists in this economy, and use data to justify
2
Calculate maximum number of chip bags that can be produced
1
Calculate maximum number of salsa cases than can be produced
1
Draw the nation’s production possibility curve
3
Describe the opportunity cost of a case of salsa in this nation
4
Explain why the nation can’t produce both 4 bags of chips and 3 cases of salsa
4
Explain why the nation shouldn’t produce both 2 bag of chips and 1 cases of salsa
4
Articulation of response (citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization that negatively impact readability and articulation of main ideas.)
1
Total:
20
ITS 832 CHAPTER 16
ANALYSIS OF FIVE POLICY CASES IN THE FIELD OF ENERGY POLICY
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY
DR. JORDON SHAW
OVERVIEW
• Introduction
• Theoretical grounds of policy implementation
• Approaches to policy implementation
• Five case studies
• Lessons learned
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• Population and burning fossil fuels
• Factors of high pollution
• Environmental policy is high priority
• Most nations initiated projects to improve climate
• Focus
• Sustainable energy management
• Renewable energy sources
• Five case studies on climate change and energy use
• Comparative investigation
• What approaches are used?
• How can implications be measured?
• How easily can approaches be applied to other domains?
THEORETICAL GROUNDS OF POLICY
IMPLEMENTATION
• Policy implementation
• Turning theory into .
This was submitted as my final project for my technical writing course. It is a hypothetically written recommendation report on sustainable energy initiatives for the City of Beech Grove. I am no expert on sustainable energy, but this is intended to present some of my technical writing skills including use of a simple and clear language, page design, as well as photos, figures, and captions.
This was submitted as my final project for my technical writing course. It is a hypothetically written recommendation report on sustainable energy initiatives for the City of Beech Grove. I am no expert on sustainable energy, but this is intended to present some of my technical writing skills including use of a simple and clear language, page design, as well as photos, figures, and captions.
promoting LPG Penetration in rural India : Examining Affordability & Accessib...Ramana Sambu
Promoting LPG Penetration in India: Examining Affordability and Accessibility by figuring out the focus for future plans with respect to policies, reforms and strategies to widen the LPG market in India
1. Ghana Environmental Management Project (GEMP)
How to Mainstream
Gender Equality in
Projects
Energy Resource Management
MODULE 3
Energy Resource ManagementEnergy Resource Management
ProjectsProjects
2. Contents
Introduction to the Module....................................................................................................................2
Gender and Energy Resource Management...........................................................................................4
1. Problem Identification ................................................................................................................4
Gender Issues..................................................................................................................................4
2. Project Design .............................................................................................................................6
Project Logic Model: Gender and energy resource management .........................................7
3. Project Implementation ..............................................................................................................8
Case Study 1: Women’s Charcoal Project in Jelinkon, Sawla -Tuna- Kalba District ................... 9
Case Study 2: Dimajan community adopts the use of appropriate environmental management
technologies..................................................................................................................................10
4. Project Monitoring....................................................................................................................12
Indicators......................................................................................................................................13
5. Project Evaluation.....................................................................................................................13
Monitoring and Evaluation Tools..................................................................................................13
IntroductiontotheModule
These modules are for government staff of the ministries and departments related to
Environmental Protection, Environment, Science and Technology, Food and Agriculture,
Gender, Children and Social Protection; District staff, planners and Gender Desk Officers;
NGOs, CBOs, women's groups andcommunityleaders.
ThemodulescovereachofthesixthemesoftheGhanaEnvironmentalManagementProject:
Module1: Landuse andsoilmanagement
Module2: Wildlifeandbiodiversityconservation
Module3: Energyresourcemanagement
Module4: Waterresourcemanagement
Module5: Managementofvegetativecover
Module6: Alternativeandsustainablelivelihoods.
1
3. Despite many agencies' commitment to gender equality, gender mainstreaming in project cycle
management has been limited. Some pay attention to gender during Problem Identification, and
at certain points of the Design and Monitoring phases. To truly mainstream gender in
sustainable land management projects, each phase of the project cycle needs to be linked with
appropriategenderanalysistoolsandkeygenderquestions.
Eachmodulecontainsadviceonhow tomainstreamgenderthroughtheprojectcycle:
1. ProblemIdentification
2. ProjectDesign
3. ProjectImplementation
4. ProjectMonitoring
5. ProjectEvaluation
You can use these materials to assist you to go through the planning cycle with staff, district
stakeholders and communities to ensure that the gender issues of inequity are really being
addressed by interventions for gender and sustainable land management. Each section contains
key questions and examples to assist you to design, implement and monitor gender-sensitive
projectswithstakeholdersandcommunities.
2
4. Genderand EnergyResourceManagement
Problem identification involves understanding the problems, needs and opportunities related to
gender and sustainable land management. It should take into consideration environmental
policy, current technologies, ways of working with communities, and considerations for
transformingexistinggenderrelationsofpowerandcontrol.
When you are identifying a problem related to gender and sustainable land management, answer
thefollowingquestionstoensurethatgenderequalityismainstreamed.
1. Has relevant gender information, especially socio‐economic information, been identified
andcollectedso thatitcanbeincludedindiscussions aboutprojectdesign?
2. Is background data disaggregated by sex? (In many cases, disaggregation by other social
identities such as age and ethnic origin is also required, given that communities are rarely
homogeneousunits.)
3. Have gender specialists (in the CBO or NGO, for example) and representatives of
women's organizationswithinthecommunitybeenconsulted?
4. Have both men and women been involved in problem identification (even if the ultimate
problemrecognizedaffectsonesexmorethantheother)?
Here is a list of some of the issues of gender inequity (gender issues) related to energy resource
management:
1. Harvestingoffuelwood isphysicallydemandingon womenandgirlsandaffectstheirhealth
2. The scarcity of fuel wood affects women and girls by making them trek long distances to harvest
wood
3. Women and girls are exposed to danger such as reptiles, rape, bushfire and injuries in search for
firewood
4. Fuel wood harvesting adds to the burden of women and girls who are responsible for other
householdchores,andfamilyandsocialactivities
5. The girls have to help their mothers to fetch fuel wood instead of going to school and this affects
theirattendanceinschool
6. Womendo nothaveaccesstolandforthedevelopmentofwoodlots
7. Women do not have access to and cannot afford technologies for alternative and improved energy
sources toreducetheirburden
8. Other sources of energy such as Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity are not readily
availabletoenablewomenandgirlstoreducetheirworkload
9. Women are reluctant to use alternative sources of fuel for cooking because they believe that men
willsaythatthefood does nottastegood
10. Womencannotafforddonkeys, bullocksor bicyclestoassist theminfetchingfirewood
11. Socio-cultural issues limiting women's ability to initiate, and share responsibility and ownership
withmenoftenpreventsthemfromseekingalternativesfor energy resourcemanagement.
1. ProblemIdentification
GenderIssues
3
5. The following is a short description of the major gender issues of inequity related to gender and energy
resourcemanagement:
The main energy source for cooking is fuel wood, others are charcoal and kerosene with few people using
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).The most widely used and cheapest source is the fuel wood because most
of them do not have the financial means and cannot afford the alternative energy sources. Alternative
energy sources such as solar energy, LPG and biogas are still far from meeting the large demands of rural
energy,becauseoftheimmaturityofthetechnologyanditshighcost.
The influence of culture also impacts on wood utilization, as opposed to other sources of energy. It is a
cultural belief among the indigenes that food cooked using wood tastes better than when cooked using
LPG or other sources of energy other than wood fuel. The people consider fuel wood harvesting to be
their traditional right inherited from their ancestors. It is therefore difficult to introduce alternative
energy sources, such as kerosene and LPG. Besides, there is a problem of high initial cost and its
availabilityis notconsistentandthereforecannotbeguaranteed.
Hitherto, wood was normally harvested from the surrounding woodland and then stored at home until it
was ready for use. With increases in population and dwindling natural resources with high consumption
of fuel wood, majority of women and children have to travel long distances of about 3 to 4 km to gather
fuel wood. Harvesting of fuel wood is physically demanding and time-consuming work, especially for
women and girls, who are also responsible for other household duties. Promoting woodlot plantations
with fast growing tree species will provide good quality fuel wood, reduce trekking distance and in the
longtermreducelanddegradation.
Increasing access to alternative energy sources; construction of infrastructure for the transportation of
fuel wood; improvement of charcoal production techniques and marketing; and the dissemination of
improvedcookingstoves cansavewomen's timeandreducedrudgery.
An excerpt from: Gender Equality Strategy and Action Plan to Combat Drought and Desertification in
the three Northern Regions of Ghana (GESAP), developed in 2011 by the Environmental Protection
Agency,inconjunctionwiththeGhanaEnvironmentalManagementProject.
4
6. 2. ProjectDesign
Within the framework given by your agency or organization, or sometimes by your funder's
request, you will need to identify objectives and the activities that will enable you to achieve
expected results. The Project Design stage is the most important when it comes to integrating the
gender dimension into the project. You can apply all the information obtained from your gender
analysis in order to plan based on real information concerning the lives of the male and female
beneficiaries.
When you are choosing expected results and activities for your project, answer the following
questionstoensurethatgenderequalityis mainstreamed.
1. Whatis thecurrentsituationofmenandwomenintheareaofyourplannedintervention?
2. Willtheproposedprojectcontributetoexistinginequalitiesamongmenandwomen?
3. Does the proposed project break down or challenge existing inequalities among men and
women?
4. Will the proposed project change the perceptions or stereotypes about men and women
andtheirrolesinanyway?
5. Whatoptionsshouldbeconsideredtostrengthenagenderperspective?
6. Will the proposed project contribute to women's empowerment? If not, is there place for
an allied intervention that will contribute to empowerment, so as not to reinforce the
disparitybetweenmenandwomen?
Once you have decided on all the expected results and activities for your project, you can
summarizetheminaLogicModel:
· The Ultimate Outcome is the overall goal of the project, which contributes to national-
levelaimsandpolicies.
· The Intermediate Outcomes are the expected results related to changes in your
organizationorgroup,anditssystems orprocesses.
· The Immediate Outcomes are the expected results related to changes in individuals, their
knowledgeandawareness,skillsorabilities,oraccess.
· Outputs(orcompletedactivities)leadtooutcomes.
Therefore it is important that you implement your activities as planned, based on gender
analysis. If youdo,youwillcertainlyachieveyourexpectedresults.
The expected results and activities listed in the logic model below are examples for you.
Depending on the funds you have, you may want to implement only a few of the activities
representedinthisLogicModel.
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7. Project Logic Model: Gender and energy resource management
Theme ENERGY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Ultimate
Outcome
Strengthened mainstreaming of gender considerations in issues relating to
community-based activities necessary for the reduction and reversing of land
degradation and desertification. Gender Equality Strategy and Action Plan
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
Intermediate
Outcomes
improved use and management of energy sources
by households in various communities
Increased women’s access
to and ownership of land
(for woodlot development)
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
Immediate
Outcomes
Reduced burden on
women and girls as
they have increased
access to fuelwood and
alternative energy
sources
Enhanced capacity of
women, girls, men and
boys in the management
of energy resources and
household chores
Strengthened capacity of
traditional authorities to
reform land tenure system
to improve women’s access
to and ownership of land
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
Type of
Activities to be
implemented
in order to
achieve results
Training of groups
on nursing and
planting of trees
(growing trees)
Woodlots
plantations for
women developed
Linking groups to
NGOs and financial
Institutions for
assistance to
procure donkey
and donkey carts
Women’s groups
supported to
acquire donkeys
and donkey carts
Alternative energy
sources promoted
and made
accessible to
women
Local women
trained to produce
biogas
Introducing
women to energy
conserving stoves
eg: Obaapa coal
pots, wood stove
etc.
Reviving existing
groups for men,
women and youth
Lobbying District
Assembly through
Gender Desk Officers
to train the local
artisans (men and
women) on energy
saving stoves
Men and boys
educated to share in
fetching fuel wood
and other household
chores
Women and girls
educated on
sustainable and
efficient management
and use of fuel wood
Women’s capacity
built to engage in IGAs
to purchase fuel wood
Women engaged in
decision-making and
management of
energy resources
Educate men, women,
boys and girls on
improved charcoal
processing and
Sensitizing community
leadership (Chiefs,
Magazias, Tindanas etc)
on the need to release
land to men and women
for the establishment of
woodlots
Reforms advocated for
in land tenure systems
to include women’s
ownership of land for
woodlot development
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
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8. sharing men and
women groups to
GRATIS Foundation
to train them on
improved energy
saving stoves
Local artisans
supported to
produce energy
efficient and
labour-saving
devices for women
Organizing user
education on
alternative sources
of energy eg;
biogas, solar etc.
Local farmers
trained to produce
compost for use in
agricultural
activities
Educate men and
boys to help fetch fuel
wood and other
household chores
Linking experience forestation·
·
·
·
·
3. ProjectImplementation
Implementation is the major phase in the project cycle, when plans are transformed into reality.
Implementation involves using your resources to implement activities in order toachieve the
expectedresults.
When you are implementing the activities for your project, answer the following questions to
ensurethatgenderequalityis mainstreamed.
1. Arewomenandmenbenefitingfromtheproject? Inthesamewayordifferentways?
2. Aresomewomenormennegativelyimpactedbytheproject?
3. Have gender relations (power and control) of women and men changed as a result of the
project?Havegendergapsbeenreduced?
4. Arenewgenderissues ofinequityemergingwithintheproject?
5. Are there new external factors affecting gender relations besides the project? Are they
positiveornegative?
6. Are women and men both supportive of the project, or do they wish to change it? Who?
Why?How?
What follows are some case studies about project activities. Ideally, it would be great if your
staff and stakeholders, including community members, could visit the communities described in
the stories. However, these case studies are the next best thing to visiting. Each case study
shows how womenandmenare:
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9. · participatingintheproject
· sharingprojectresources
· sharingprojectbenefits
· changingtheirlivestogether
· experiencingempowerment.
After each story, there are a number of questions to answer. Read (or translate) the story to your
staff, stakeholders or community members. Lead the discussion based on the questions listed
after the story. This will assist your staff and stakeholders to visualize the types of changes that
they should expect, and allow them to discuss the implications for their own work and lives.
They may want to implement a similar project. Similarly, their discussion of the story may
inspirethemwithnewideasfortheirown projects.
Your staff and stakeholders should understand that exciting things related to gender and
sustainable land management are happening in northern Ghana. They too can be part of it! They
cantransformgenderrelationsthroughsustainablelandmanagementprojects!
Human activities like farming, mining, bush burning, felling of trees, hunting and charcoal
burning have great impact on the environment. Studies have shown that forest degradation has
led to serious destruction of our environment, which affects the climatic situation in the country.
Charcoal production has become a major livelihood of the most women in Jelinkon. Jelinkon is a
community under Sawla Area Council in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District. Most of the community's
livelihood is dependent on subsistence farming, and the people predominantly rely on rain for
their farming activities. During the dry season, most of the farmers, both women and men, are
idle, so life during this time is not easy for them. In any case, they must survive. So, in order to
earn some money, many of the women end up in the forest searching for wood logs for charcoal
production. For instance, seventy-five percent (75%) of women were engaged in some form of
charcoal business, whereas fifty percent (50%)of men were involved. Women collect the wood
for charcoal production, so their role is essential to providing the raw material. In addition to the
business of charcoal, women need to use it every day for cooking. Charcoal activities end up
destroying the trees and soilin the forest. Yet, women and men are ignorant about the dangers of
charcoalproductionanditsaffectontheenvironment.
A local NGO called PAPADEV carried out sensitization on environmental degradation for the
whole community. People, especially women, changed their attitude towards the environment
and protecting the environment from human activities. Community members developed their
own rules to govern the activities of charcoal production, indiscriminate felling of trees and bush
fires. All these activities have decreased because defaulters are now punished. Men and women
came together to regulate degradation from charcoal production. As a result, all the women who
depended on charcoal production had to seek alternatives for business opportunities and for
cookingfuel.
Women who were identified as the most active in charcoal production were sensitized and
formed into groups. The women came out with their own ideas for income generating activities
Case Study 1: Women's Charcoal Project in Jelinkon, Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District
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10. to be able to support their families, like shea butter processing, gari processing and plantation
farming. They have seen the need for more shea nuts to support their processing activities, and
theywereencouragedtoplantmoresheatreesandstopfellingandburningeconomictrees.
Now community members do not produce charcoal on a commercial basis and this has increased
the green vegetation in Jelinkon. The community participated in decision-making and accepted
the new ideas – this makes this case special. The women who were involved now know that
unregulated charcoal production endangers their futures. The involvement of women in self-
initiated activities and the benefit they derive from them will encourage others to take part in
similaractivities,allowingtheenvironmenttoregenerate.
The District Gender Desk Officer continuesmonitoring the activities of the women and
reviewing community bylaws. The community's and women's activities that are meant to save
theenvironmentshouldbepartofyearlyannualbudgetsandactionplans.
Case study by SherikaBashiru, GenderDesk Officer,Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District
Questions forDiscussion:
1. Within the cycle of charcoal production, what are women's and men's traditional roles?
Do women have particular roles, such as indigenous knowledge or special skills related to
charcoalproduction?
2. How does the story show that gender roles have changed? How have the roles and tasks
changed? Has thewaythecommunityvaluesthoserolesandtaskschanged?
3. Do you think that the plan to stop charcoal production was potentially more beneficial to
womenormoreharmfultotheminthelongrun? Why?
4. What environmental-friendly activities promoted women's involvement in sustainable
andalternativelivelihoods? Whatbecamethereplacementforcharcoalproduction?
5. Whatnewskillsdidwomenlearn?
6. Whatnewchannelsforcommunityinvolvementopenedupforwomen?
7. How do you think women and men worked together to make the shift from charcoal
productiontonewdryseason activities?
For years, the 300-strong community residents of Dimajan in the Sissala East District of Upper
West Region have been subsistence farmers. They predominantly grow millet, maize and yam
and are also passionate small ruminant rearers. Moreover, the Chief of the village has 50 heads
ofcattle.
The people of Dimajan, just like those of the outlying communities and their ancestors before
them, have been using wood, charcoal and cow dung for fuel. In 2008, however, they realized
that they were losing the once lush wood lands and economic trees around them very quickly.The
fields around the community were being laid bare. The harvests per acre reduced from eight bags
of maize per acre to two maxi bags of 45 kilos each within five years. They were worried.
Somethinghadtobedone.
Case Study 2: Dimajan community adopts the use of appropriate environmental
managementtechnologies
9
11. The chief summoned his elders and community members to the village square to discuss the way
forward. Forty-five (45) women were among the one hundred-and-twenty (120) people in
attendance. A decision was arrived at; and the resolution? - A Community Environmental
Management Committee (CEMC) would have to be formed. The committee, comprising five
womenandsevenmen,madethefollowingdecisions:
a) Theywouldoverseeallenvironmentalmanagementaffairsinthevillage
b) Acommunityreservespanningforty(40)acreswouldbecreatedaroundthecommunity
c) Theywouldadoptcompostusetogrow theircrops
d) All households would build and use energy saving stoves as a means of cutting down the
amountofwood usedforfuel
e) Exotic,diseaseresistantsmallruminantswouldbeintroducedintothecommunity
f) Afirevolunteercorpswouldbetrainedanddeployedtocombatbush fires.
Later that year, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) came to the sceneand, after
discussions with members of the community; a six-point environmental management plan was
put into effect.The village chief and the landlord gave out the site for the community reserve.
The men and women created a fire belt around it and also constructed energy-efficient stoves.
The men dug the compost pits and the women filled them with farm residue, ash and dung. The men
also filled the pits and turned the compost pile until it was ready for use. The women carried the
compost to the farms and the men applied them to the crops.
By sharing roles and responsibilities, the women and men of Dimajan are now harvesting 10 maxi bags
of maize per acre, and have successfully checked the wanton spate of environmental degradation they
werewitnessingafewyearsback.
Reportby Kwaku Baawineand JeffreyMakin,REMC: UpperWest Region
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12. Questions forDiscussion:
1. How did women and men work together to make their environmental management plan a
success?
2. Whatnewskillsdidwomenlearn?
3. Whatnewchannelsforcommunityinvolvementopenedupforwomen?
4. How doesthestory show thatgenderroleshavechanged?
4. ProjectMonitoring
The progress of a project has to be monitored to ensure that the expected results are happening.
Think about some of the changes you read about in the case studies and in your own projects.
Many of the changes are related to the environment and, at the same time, related to gender.
An important way of monitoring whether a project has mainstreamed gender and transformed
gender relations is to use gender-sensitive indicators. Gender-sensitive indicators will let you
know whether there are changes in gender relations – women's and men's dynamics of power and
control. Here are some features of gender relations that should change after implementing a
projectongenderandsustainablelanduse:
· participationinprojectsandcommittees
· awareness,knowledge,skills
· decision-makingpowers
· rolesandresponsibilitiesinthehousehold,communityandleadership
· how roles,tasks,resourcesarevalued
· accesstoandcontrolofprojectresourcesandbenefits
· accesstoandcontrolofhouseholdandcommunityresourcesandbenefits.
All this information should be sex-disaggregated, so that differences between men and women
can be highlighted and inequities addressed. Sex-disaggregated data presents information
separatelyforwomenandmen,andasrequired,boys andgirls.
When you are monitoring a project, answer the following questions to ensure that gender
equalityis mainstreamed.
1. Does themonitoringplaninviteinputandfeedbackfromwomenandmen?
2. Aregenerateddata,analysisandreportssex-disaggregated?
3. Aregenderindicatorseffectivelyusedandassessed?
4. Does monitoring consider both women's and men's roles (even if those roles are
different)?
5. Is progress towardobjectivesandexpectedresultsrelatedtomenorwomenontrack?
6. Have any gender issues of inequity arisen that were not identified at the project design
stage? If so, how cantheybeaddressed?
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13. Indicators
5. ProjectEvaluation
MonitoringandEvaluationTools
Here are some examples of gender-sensitive indicators for gender and energy resource
management. You can use these and others that you develop to assess whether your
project is on track to changing gender relations, roles, responsibilities and how they are
valued.
At the end of your project, you will want to evaluate whether it has been successful – in
achieving its goals for sustainable land use, and toward gender equality. Evaluation
should be as systematic and objective as possible. Therefore, tools are developed to
collect gender-sensitive and sex-disaggregated data. These tools can be used at the end of
the project, but also at the beginning (baseline) and mid-point to assess progress over
time.
Here are some examples of gender-sensitive tools for gender and energy resource
management. If you use these tools at the beginning, middle and end of your project, you
will see changes in how men and women have access to and control over resources; and in
their roles and responsibilities. You may also discover some changes in gender relations
that you did not expect! You should determine whether these are positive and progressive
changes, or negative and counter-productive. When it comes time to designing a new
phase of your project or even a brand new project, take these lessons into account to
ensure that your project will implement all activities necessary to promote gender
equality.
Gender-sensitive indicators for Gender and Energy Resource Management
1. # of households (women, girls, men and boys)sensitized and trained on the
management of energy sources
2. # of artisans trained to produce energy efficient cook stoves
3. % of households using improved energy resources
4. # of women using energy saving stoves in cooking their meals on daily basis
5. # of acres of woodlots established
6. # of acres of woodlots established by women
7. time used in fetching firewood daily
8. # of men and boys helping to fetch firewood
9. # of women having access to donkeys and donkey carts
10. # of men and boys sensitized on sharing household chores
11. # of women, men, boys and girls involved household decision making
12. # of Traditional Authorities who have released lands to women
13. # of women who have access to land
14. % of women who own land
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14. A. Household SurveyQuestion
1. On eachtable,indicatewho doeswhat.
2. If the Woman and the Man both do the same, indicate who does more with a + sign. Do
thesameforGirls andBoys.
3. Follow the household over a period of a year to determine how roles and
responsibilities are changing. Repeat the exercise several times, and compare the
results.
B. Focus Group Interview Questions with Women involved in the project
1. What do you think about the men and boys who participate in household chores?
2. What do think about women's engagement in income generating activities to support the
house?
3. How has the availability of fuel wood affected your daily lives?
4. How do you feel about the time you take in searching for firewood?
5. What part did you play during the establishment of the implementation of the project?
6. What do you think about the energy saving stoves?
7. Is the clay used for the stoves good? Do you ever have any problems with cracking? What
types of maintenance and repairs do you do? How often?
8. What do you think about the cooking time required with these stoves?
9. Is the woodlot helpful to you?
10. Do you now have time to engage in other income generating activities? What are they?
Household Tasks Woman Man Girls Boys
Sweeping
Laundry
Cooking
Washing Dishes
Fetching Water
Fetching Firewood
Bathing
Bed Making
Cleaning around compound
Brushing and scraping around compound
Construction of plate racks; clothing lines; compost
fence
Child care / babysitting
Ironing
Feeding of Baby
Cleaning latrine
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15. C. FocusGroup InterviewQuestions with Meninvolvedintheproject
1. Whatdoyouthinkaboutthemenandboys participatinginthehouseholdchores?
2. What do think about women's engagement in income generating activities to support the
house?
3. How has the availability of fuel wood affected your daily lives? The lives of women and
girls?
4. What do you think about the time you take in searching for firewood?What do you think
about the time women and girls take in searching for firewood? Are there any
differences?
5. Whatpartdidyouplayduringtheestablishmentoftheimplementationoftheproject?
6. What do you think about the energy saving stoves? Do you observe how they are used?
Haveyoueverusedonetocook?
7. Is the clay used for the stoves good? Do you ever have any problems with cracking?
Whattypesofmaintenanceandrepairsdoyoudo? How often?
8. What do you think about the time used for cooking with these stoves? Are the stoves
moreorless convenientforyou? For womenandgirlswho usethem?
9. How is thewoodlothelpfultoyou? Whouses itmore–themenorwomeninyourfamily?
10.Do you now have time to engage in other income generating activities? What are they?
Haveyouengagedinabusiness partnershipwithyourwife?
D. Group Interviewwith CEMC Executives
1. Whatdoyouthinkaboutthenumberofwomenrepresentativesonthecommittee?
2. Can you tell us about the women's contributions to the committee? Are they similar to
men'scontributionsoraretheydifferent?
3. Whataretheroleandresponsibilitiesofmenandwomenindecisionmaking?
4. Canyoutellus someoftheactivitieswomenhavetakeninthecommunity?
5. What are some of the challenges, achievements and lessons learnt in the committee?
Focus onhow menandwomenwork together.
E. ObservationGuideatProjectSite(List ofwhat tolookfor)
1. Donkeyanddonkeycartsusedincollectingfuelwood.
2. Bothmenandboys participatinginfuelwood collection.
3. Whether equipment used by both men and women is gender friendly (easy to use, labour
andtimesaving)
4. Constructionofimprovedstoves
5. Woodlotestablishment.
This is the end of this module. Best wishes as you mainstream gender, empowering women
and meninsustainablelandmanagementprojects.
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