1

1. Multiplication
and Division
Created by Richard Bull

2. First things first:
You need to learn your tables!
Every multiplication problem can be broken
down into simple tables calculations.
When you are asked to find the “product” of
some numbers, that means multiply them.
Created by Richard Bull

3. Do you know these?

4. Traditional method
21 x 13 = ?
2 1
x 1 3
3 x 1 = 3 write down the 3.
36 3 x 2 = 6 write down the 6
10 x 1 = 10 write down the 10
1 x 2 = 2 write down the 2
Add the numbers
1 02
2 7 3

5. Traditional method
45 x 34 = ?
4 5
x 3 4
4 x 5 = 20 write down the 0, carry the 2.
08 4 x 4 = 16, add 2 write down the 18
30 x 5 = 150 write down the 50, carry the one
3 x 4 =12, add the 1, write down the 13
Add the numbers
5 03
5 3 3
1
1
1
1
2

6. Grid Method – part 1
255 x 5 = ?
First split the number into hundreds,
tens and units.
255 splits into 200, 50, 5
Then, multiply each of the numbers by 5.
200 x 5 = 1000
50 x 5 = 250
5 x 5 = 25
This can be
placed in a grid

7. Grid Method – part 2
255 x 5 = ?
x
200 50 5
200 x 5 50 x 5 5 x 5
5
Finally, add the three numbers together to get your answer.
1000 + 250 + 25 = 1275
So 255 x 5 = 1 275
1000 25250

8. First, split the numbers up.
255 splits into 200, 50 and 5. These go
along the top of the grid.
25 splits into 20 and 5. These go down
the sides.
Grid Method – part 1
255 x 25 = 6375
Put the numbers on the grid

9. x 200 50 5
20
5
Add up each column, then add the resulting numbers together.
Grid Method – part 2
255 x 25 = 6375
4000
2501000
1001000
25
4000 + 1000 + 100 = 5100
1000 + 250 + 25 = 1275
6375

10. 2 5
5
1
0 5
2
2 x 5 =
10
5 x 5 = 25
Lattice method – part 1
25 x 5 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each
number above a
column by the numbers
in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle

11. 2 5
5
1
0
51
5
2
2
Add along the
diagonal
2 + 0 = 2
Lattice method – part 2
25 x 5 = ?

12. 3 6
8
2
4 8
4
3 x 8
=24
6 x 8 = 48
Lattice method – part 1
36 x 8 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each number
above a column by the
numbers in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle

13. 3 6
8
2
4
82
8
4
8
Add along the
diagonal line
4 + 4 = 8
Lattice method – part 2
36 x 8 = ?

14. 3 6
1
3
3 6
1 x 3 = 3
1 x 6 = 6
Lattice method – part 1
36 x 13 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each number
above a column by the
numbers in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle
9 8
1
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 3 = 9

15. 3 6
1
3
3 6
Lattice method – part 2
36 x 13 = ?
9 8
4 6 8
1
Add along the diagonal
line
6 + 1 + 9 = 16
1

16. Which of these did you use to
calculate 21 × 32?
20 1
30
2
600 30
40 2
Are there any other methods?
32
× 21
32
+ 640
Answer: 672Answer: 672
2 1
3
2
0
6
0
3
0
4
0
2
27
6
0
Answer: 672

17. Choose a method to calculate 43 × 17?
40 3
10
7
400 30
280 21
Are there any other methods?
43
× 17
301
+ 430
Answer: 731Answer: 731
4 3
1
7
0
4
0
3
2
8
2
1
13
7
0
Answer: 731
1

18. Multiply these using whichever
method you like (no calculators!):
1. 26 × 14
2. 74 × 39
3. 124 × 16
4. 249 × 179
= 364
= 2886
= 1984
= 44571

19. Division
Learning objective:
Can I divide numbers without using a
calculator?
Grade C

20. Draw the bus stop:
Divide each value by 3, not
forgetting to carry any
remainders.
The answer is on top!
Answer: 45
0
3
Calculate 135 ÷ 3
Bus Stop Multiples
We need to do the following
calculations:
10 × 3 = 30
10 × 3 = 30
10 × 3 = 30
10 × 3 = 30
5 × 3 = 15
How many 3s in total?
Answer: 45
1 3 5
4 5
1 1 Total so far: 30
Total so far: 60
Total so far: 90
Total so far: 120
Total so far: 135
Divisor

21. Draw the bus stop:
Divide each value by 14, not
forgetting to carry any
remainders.
The answer is on top!
Answer: 23
0
14
What about 322 ÷ 14
Bus Stop Multiples
We need to do the following
calculations:
10 × 14 = 140
10 × 14 = 140
3 × 14 = 42
How many 14s in total?
Answer: 23
3 2 2
2 3
3 4 Total so far: 140
Total so far: 280
Divisor
Total so far: 322

22. Calculate these, without a calculator!
1. 168 ÷ 7
2. 222 ÷ 6
3. 384 ÷ 12
4. 952 ÷ 17
= 24
= 37
= 32
= 56
Created by Richard Bull