The document discusses the basics of 3 point lighting for portraits, including the key light, fill light, hair light, and background lighting. It provides examples of different lighting setups using various lights and techniques to achieve different looks. Key points covered include the purpose and placement of each type of light, as well as how to use reflectors, gels, and other modifiers to shape the lighting for the desired effect.
Basic rules of photography for real estate agentsRegrob.com
When it comes to taking the photographs of your listing , there are some basic rules of photography which you need to be aware of being a real estate agent . The photographs of the property are the first thing which the buyer sees ; so you need to be a little careful when going to take photographs of the property.
Basic rules of photography for real estate agentsRegrob.com
When it comes to taking the photographs of your listing , there are some basic rules of photography which you need to be aware of being a real estate agent . The photographs of the property are the first thing which the buyer sees ; so you need to be a little careful when going to take photographs of the property.
Fea of springback on perforated sheet metalRavi Shekhar
This project was aimed for study of springback effect in perforated sheet metal with variation in various controlling parameters like percentage of open area, ligament ratio,shape of hole, size of hole, pattern of hole arrangement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2. Interview Lighting
The concepts covered here are important and will reappear in
many other lighting setups.
Pay attention to how often these concepts reappear. The more
you understand them, the easier it will be for you to adapt them as
needed in a variety of situations. They will also help you to create
your own distinctive lighting style.
Using this interactive player, you can turn on each light in the
setup individually to see its effect.
These 4 lights: Key, Fill, Hair, & Edge, form the basics of a well lit
portrait. Familiarize yourself with each light and its effect on the
whole picture
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. Window Lighting
Concepts of contrast and
light angles were often
influenced by the light
coming in a window without
direct light
The north-light window in
old photo studios and our
modern soft lights attempt
to emulate this classic look
10. KEY LIGHT
Key Light defined: The primary or
dominant source of light in a shot.
Often suggests an out of frame source
Choice of fixture (hard or soft) and its
position will help set the mood
11. Soft Key Light
The shown Key light is a
very soft Rifa-lite 88 fitted
with a 1000-watt bulb
and a soft Egg Crate
The cheek closest to the
camera has a shadow
Begin to notice how often
you see this in movies,
television, and
photographs.
Full lighting with Soft
KeyRifa 88, 1000W
Soft lightRifa with
Fabric Egg Crate
Simple Light Setups
12. Hard Key Light
This is an example of a hard Key light, instead of soft. We are
using a 250-watt Pro-light.
The transition between the light and dark areas is more Full lighting Rembrandt
dramatic, and you've achieved what is referred to as with hard Key van Rijn,
Rembrandt lighting.
Portrait of a
Rembrandt actually experimented with having the main light Lady with an
coming from many directions but this is the look that stuck to
his name Ostrich-
Feather Fan, c.
While it doesn't always have to be so, it is very common and a 1658/1660
safe place to start. It might be so popular because it has a
slimming effect.
Pro-light, 250W Focusing Hard light
13. Key Light Techniques
When you practice placing the Key light on
your subject, keep an eye on the shadow it
creates from the nose.
The nose shadow is easier to see if you use a
hard light but blends more attractively when
you a larger soft source.
Now try placing your light so the nose
shadow is nearly gone. Bad nose shadow Reduced nose
shadow
Bringing the Key light 'face-on' is effective for
lightening the shadows from wrinkles. Used
with makeup it is even more effective.
If possible you could move the subject and
lights further away from the back wall to
allow the spill to fall off.
Another look is what is sometimes called
Hatchet lighting. Here the shadow line runs Hatchet lighting
right down the center of the face
14. Simple Light Setups
Sometimes when power or time
limitations are factors, one light will do
the work of both Key and Fill.
A second small light from behind to Single light (Omni-light 500 W)
add a little shine to the hair adds a with umbrella, positioned to
finishing touch.. function as Key light, with enough
softness to also act as Fill light.
In this example a 500-watt Omni-light
with a nylon umbrella worked well for
the single Key / Fill light and a 125-
watt L-light is providing the shine on
the hair and shoulders.
Don't forget to make the necessary
changes in the height of your stand
and possibly an exposure change to
your camera as you adjust position of
the lights.
Single Light Result
15. Fill Light
Fill light defined: Fill is used to lighten
shadows and control contrast ratios (the
ratio of amount of Key to Fill light).
Combined with the Key light, Fill light
helps define the mood by lighting the
shaded areas in a range of intensities. It
can vary from none, to a level equaling
the Key light.
16. Fill Light
Fill light aloneRifa 44, 250W Soft light
After setting the Key light, you may
find that the darker side of the face is
too dark for your tastes.
There are several methods for adding
Fill light to reduce the shadows.
We have chosen a Rifa-lite 44 soft
light, with a 250-watt bulb, with a soft Rifa 44, 250W Soft
Egg Crate to control the spill. Fill light alone
This doesn't just apply to lighting
light
faces.
The amount of Fill that is added
depends on your taste (or the
preference of the person who hired
you).
Generally, you can most easily alter
the mood of a shot by raising and
lowering the intensity of the Fill.
17. Fill Light Techniques
More commonly, you may begin to
consider light placement positions near
the camera to hide the shadows behind
the subject
When the Fill is directly over the camera it
adds to the Key light's exposure so
consider adjusting for it
As with the Key light you could adjust the
distance to lessen the intensity as well as
by adding scrims or neutral density gels to
the light.
A Fill light is usually a soft source so using
an umbrella or a softbox is common.
B
Images A & B to the right show differing
levels of Fill light.
A) Lower ratio of Key to Fill lightB) Higher A C
ratio of Key to Fill lightC) Double Nose
Shadow
Probably the only wrong way to do Fill is if A) Lower ratio of Key to Fill light
it adds another set of visible shadows;
visible to the camera that is (you only B) Higher ratio of Key to Fill light
need to worry about what's in your
frame). C) Double Nose Shadow
Image C shows a closer view with a double
nose shadow. This is caused by having a
Fill light that is almost as strong as the Key
18. Reflected Fill Light
Another method of providing Fill is by
bouncing the Key light off of a reflector
In the example shown, the soft Key light
is being reflected.
A stippled reflector surface will soften
the reflected light more and give less
chance of secondary shadows.
Using a matte white card will provide a
very soft reflected fill at close range.
Note: In highly reflective rooms, if your
lighting is too flat, you might consider a
technique called negative fill. This is
often done by hanging a dark cloth or
piece of black foamcore on the fill side to
prevent stray light from providing too
much fill. Experiment with different
amounts of fill and see if you can
manipulate the effect to change the feel Specular Reflector bouncing Soft
of the lighting. Key light to create Fill
Closeup detail
19. Hair Light
Hair light defined: A light from behind the
subject, often weaker than the Key or Fill,
aimed at the head & shoulders. It may also
called a backlight. It creates a sense of
separation between subject and background,
and adds highlights & shine to hair, and is
often widened to include a subject's
shoulders. Working with Hair light gets
trickier with receding hairlines, and may be
done without in that situation.
20. Hair Light Techniques
Along with the amount of Fill light you use,
you can continue to add finesse to the
lighting. Both Hair lights and Edge lights fall
into this category.
Traditionally, Hair lights are placed directly
opposite the camera
If extreme backlight is what you're after, just
try to keep the light far enough back so it
doesn't start your subject's hair on fire.
If you are dealing with thinning hair or bald
heads, you probably already have enough
separation from the background
Hair light aloneRifa 44, 250W Soft light Hair light alone
Be careful to keep any light from shining into Rifa 44, 250W Soft
the front of the lens, causing lens flare.
light
With the advent of modern cameras there is
less need for the really heavy use of hair light
21. Edge Light
Edge light defined: A light from behind
the subject, often weaker than the Key or
Fill, is placed to create an edge of
definition between subject and
background. Similar in practice to Hair
light, it is also a form of backlight
normally used to define one dark object
from another, for example a dark jacket
from a similarly dark background.
22. Edge Light Techniques
Edge lights create subtle defining 'edges',
and line-like highlights
If your subject's dark hair or jacket seems
to blend into a similarly dark background
you can add an 'edge' to visibly separate
them from the background.
To experiment with these effects start
with small fixtures and keep an eye on
the shadow from the subjects ear.
It is popular to have a light edge along
the jaw line.
Try using a small light with an umbrella
or with a diffusion gel.
Edge lights are also aimed in the Edge light alone L-light, 100W
direction of the camera, so be careful to
keep any light from shining into the front
of the lens, causing lens flare.
Wave your hand in front of the light and
see if a shadow falls on the camera.
23. Background Light
Background Light defined: Used for lighting the
background of a set, as a whole or specific areas. Or for
lighting objects in the background of the set that are
significant to the image. It also contributes to creating
separation between subject and background. Often the
function of the light is fulfilled by more than one fixture at
a time. It is possible to use multiple background lights.
24. Background Light Techniques
How you deal with backgrounds depends on
whether it is part of the story or just a neutral
setting for your subject.
Either way you may notice the background
level is usually down, or less bright than the
subject.
For the setup used in the Viewer above, we
created a mottled shadow pattern on the
background by shining a hard light through a
cookaloris (a random pattern cut into wood,
foamcore, or black foil).
It was lit by a 250W focusable Pro-light, a Setup with cookaloris
hard source pattern
You can try turning off any room lights, or by
adding distance between the subject and the
background
Setup with cookaloris patternPro-light, 250W
Since large broad sources tend to spill on the
background consider using an Egg Crate on
any softlights you use
Pro-light, 250W
25. Background Light Options
Slash Accent
You can 'treat' the background
using a slash of light made by
putting two barndoors close
together on a hard light source.
The image to the left shows a
slash created by a focusable
Omni-light.
Setup with Slash Accent
You can mix the slash with
general background fill
Coloring the slash with a gel is
also a common approach.
Omni-light 500W
focusable
26. Background Light Options
Highlight Accent
A more practical approach would
be to add a highlight to an object
in the setting.
In this shot, we used a tiny L-light
with 100 Watt lamp directed to
make a small pool of light on the
flowers and the picture frame.
Setup with Highlight
The hard light character of the
lamp created a sharp shadow.
The result looks like it have could
come from track lighting or a
recessed ceiling light
Accent L-light with
100W lamp
27. Background Light Options
Color Background
A popular technique recently has
been to give the background a
more obviously treated / theatrical
effect.
It provides a contrast of color and
feel between the environment and
the subject. Setup with Color background
In this shot, we added red gel to an
Omni-light
Use barn doors on the fixture to
trim any spill that may fall on the
subject
Omni-light 500W
focusable