This document contains abstracts for several articles from the journal TECNIA 2006 VOL. 16 No 1 ENERO – JUNIO. The articles discuss a variety of topics: 1) The design and construction of a computerized greenhouse for controlling temperature, humidity, and light intensity. 2) A modification of Kohlrausch's law for calculating the equivalent conductivity of electrolytic solutions. 3) The design, construction, and signal processing of an accelerograph for measuring earthquakes. 4) Using genetic algorithms to calculate optimal cluster configurations on Cu(001) surfaces and study the dependence of activation energies on strain.

1. TECNIA 2006 VOL. 16 Nº 1 ENERO – JUNIO

2. TECNIA 2006 VOL. 16 Nº 1 ENERO – JUNIO
CONTENIDO
Diseño y construcción de un invernadero con control y supervisión computarizada de temperatura, humedad
e intensidad de luz
JORGE ALBERTO DEL CARPIO SALINAS, SAMUEL GUSTAVO HUAMAN BUSTAMANTE
Cálculo de la conductividad equivalente de disoluciones electrolíticas modificación de la ley de Kohlrausch
WARREN REÁTEGUI ROMERO
Diseño, construcción y procesamiento de señales de un acelerógrafo para la red de acelerógrafos del cismid
JORGE ALBERTO DEL CARPIO SALINAS, FÉLIX MARTIN CALDERÓN MOROCHO, PERCY KIKE ROMÁN QUISPE
Optimal cluster configurations and strain dependence of the activation energies on Cu(001)sufaces
ALBERTO CORONADO MATUTTI
Desarrollo de modelo de imbibición-gravedad: mecanismo de soporte para incrementar el factor de
recuperación en el noreste peruano.
LUCIO CARRILLO BARANDIARAN
Modal analysis of the c-terminal hélix of the FI – atp synthase gamma subunit
HARRY GUSTAVO SAAVEDRA ESPINOZA, ALBERTO CORONADO MATUTTI
Diseño e implementación del controlador fst aplicado a un sistema identificado de segundo orden usando la
nidaq usb-6008
RICARDO RODRÍGUEZ BUSTINZA, JIMMY MAGUIÑA CAMONES
Analisis de esfuerzos y deformaciones de un tanque cilíndrico para gas natural vehicular
FORTUNATO ALVA DÁVILA
Continuidad de las empresas exportadoras del sector confecciones peruano: una aplicación de los modelos
logit multivariados
LUIS E. HUAMANCHUMO DE LA CUBA, JAVIER L. REBATTA NIETO
Dosimetria para campos pequeños de electrones de alta energía utilizando películas radiográficas
M. GISELLE BERNUI DE VIVANCO, MARÍA ELENA MORALES LANDIN, AUGUSTO CÁRDENAS RETUERTO.

3. TECNIA 2006 VOL. 16 Nº 1 ENERO - JUNIO
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GREENHOUSE WITH CONTROL AND SUPERVISION COMPUTERIZED OF
TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY AND INTENSITY OF LIGHT
Jorge Alberto Del Carpio Salinas1, Samuel Gustavo Huamán Bustamante2
ABSTRACT
When beginning the project outlines to solve some of the problems that arise in the hothouses, as the high
temperature and kit of high costs, with base a previous experience in an prototype much smaller. The other
parameters are important but not so decisive as the temperature and they are the relative humidity and the
Illumination. For such end we built a hothouse type tunnel of 50 m2, (it is considered as minimum profitable
area) redrew and built the electromechanical kit of control that consists of electronic kit of control with
microcontroller and where the algorithms of control PI were programmed and Fuzzy Logic; also the set called
Cooler Humidify and Heater Illuminator that have double function in benefit of the farming. The
electromechanical kit is reproducible to low construction costs and energy but it has a physical behavior a so
much complex.
Key words.- Greenhouse, Microcontroller, Algorithm PID, Fuzzy logic, Solar radiation, Conservation of energy.
CALCULATION OF THE EQUIVALENT CONDUCTIVITY OF ELECTROLYTIC DISSOLUTIONS KOHLRAUSCH'S LAW
MODIFICATION FOR STRONG ELECTROLYTES"
ABSTRACT
The law of Kohlrausch for the calculation of the equivalent conductivity for strong electrolytes is fulfilled to
diluted concentrations ( c  0) ,under these conditions the effects of the molecular interactions become
despicable and the model can explain the values experimentals. A measured that the concentration increases
the experimental datas move away of the linearity that the law proposes. To explain these desviations as a
result of the increase of molecular interactions Theodore Shedlovsky proposed a modification of the law of
Kohlarausch. The constants of this model in an atmosphere have been determined Solver of Microsoft Excel
for twelve electrolytes,doing use of compiled experimental datas in arank of 0-1N.This constants allow to
generate data and to compare them with the experimental values. The results sample that this model
predicts the experimental data satisfactorily.
Key words.- Electrolyte, Ionic movement, Electrolysis, Equivalent conductivity, Infinite dilution, Asymmetry,
Electrophoresis, Degre of electrolytic dissociaton.

4. DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND SIGNAL PROCESSING OF AN ACCELEROGRAPH FOR THE ACCELEROGRAPHS
NETWORK OF CISMID
ABSTRACT
Our location in the world makes us be a country with a high seismic risk. Keeping in mind that the
information taken place during a seismic event is of vital importance for the study that achieve the
seismology a necessity it is made use the type of appropriate instrumentation for the registration of these
data. At the present time the electronics contributes him necessary technology for the study of phenomena of
this type. The design and construction of a Digital Accelerograph will allow us the detailed study of a seismic
movement and the effect caused on the structure of the constructions. Finally we can say that the
construction of a instrument of this type at a low cost will allow re-potentialize and to increase the network
accelerographic of the CISMID and in general improving the knowledge that one has at national level of the
seismic phenomena.
Key words.- Accelerograph, Tremor, Vibrations, Microcontrollers, I2C, Gal, A/D Converters, Filters, RS232,
Cartesian coordinates, MODEM, GPS.
OPTIMAL CLUSTER CONFIGURATIONS AND STRAIN DEPENDENCE OF THE
ABSTRACT
One of the most important aspects in the epitaxial growth of thin films is the mobility of adatoms and small
clusters. As this mobility is related to the activation energies, many research efforts are concentrated in the
calculation and determination of the overall role of these energies. Previous studies have shown that
activation energies can be easily modified, using strain fields for example, however many aspects remain still
unclear. In this work we use Genetic Algorithms (GAs) to calculate optimal cluster configurations on Cu(001)
surfaces modeled with the Embedded Atom Method (EAM). The optimal configurations obtained show no
relationship with the strain states imposed. Additionally, we study the dependence of the hopping and
exchange activation energies on the strain level of the films. It is observed that hopping shows a clear
dependence on the biaxial tension or compression, in contrast to the exchange process which shows more
complex dependence.
Key words.- Genetic algorithms, Activation energies, NEB method.
IMBIBITION – GRAVITY MODEL: SUPPORT TO INCREASE
THE RECOVERY FACTOR IN THE
PERUVIAN NORTHWEST
ABSTRAC
The objective of the present work is to characterize the mechanism of spontaneous and forced imbibición,
through the formulation and solution of a mathematical physical model that allows the estimation of the
imbibition rate as well as the prediction of the petroleum production in reservorios that have
characteristics similar to the one of the Peruvian northwest. The reservorios of the Peruvian northwest
appear like good candidates to recover additional petroleum by means of the imbibición process, since the
low permeability of these reservorios allows that a better performance of the capillary forces is obtained and

5. the hydraulic fractures provide an important area of contact between the rock and the fluid, generating an
important opportunity to the additional petroleum recovery. Through this mechanism, is feasible to obtain
that movable petroleum and without energy to move within reservorio, can be expelled and their place is
replaced by a wetting fluid (water). The effectiveness of this process depends on parameters such as: size
and compartamentalización of reservorio (fault block), porosity and permeability of the rock, interfacial
tension, viscosity, wettability and area of contact between fluid and the rock. The proposed Process
WAIGD/PI (Waterflooding assisted imbibition and gravity drainage - Production/Injection), consists of
injecting water and taking advantage of the characteristics the imbibición mechanism and gravitational
drainage through an alternating process of injection-production by a same well. This proposal optimizes the
economic parameters and diminishes the technical risk (saving of perforation costs and flexibility acording
with imbibition response) obtaining the recovery of additional reserves and production increase.
Key words.- Imbibition, Gravity, Recovery factor, Drive mechanism, Reservoir engineering, Peruvian north
west, Reservoir model, Mature oil field.
MODAL ANALYSIS OF THE C-TERMINAL HELIX OF THE
F1-ATP SYNTHASE GAMMA SUBUNIT
ABSTRACT
In the analysis of protein dynamics an important goal is the description of slow large-amplitude motions.
These motions describe configuration rearrangements which are essential for the function of the protein. The
rearrangements can change the exposed surface of the protein and, therefore, influence the interactions
with its environment. In this article, we study low-frequency modes of the C-terminal helix of the bovine ATP
synthase Gamma subunit. Three methods are compared: Brownian modes, calpha modes and simplified
potential modes. Results suggest that the F1 end of the helix is more rigid than other parts. This is coherent
with recent studies where is shown how the F1 end of the helix works as a crankshaft converting the bending
and unbending of the Beta subunit into rotational motion. Moreover, along the helix, flexible lengths are
followed by rigid lengths. This feature may serve to smooth out the torque produced at the F 1 end, delivering
a nearly constant torque necessary to achieve the highest efficiency possible.
Key words.- ATP synthase, Modal analysis, Brownian modes, Calpha modes.
IMPLEMENTATION AND DESIGN APPLIED CONTROLLER FST OF AN IDENTIFIED SYSTEM OF SECOND
ORDER USING NIDAQ USB-6008
ABSTRACT
The present investigation work tries on the control of an analogical system of second order (process), the
same one that has been implemented with circuit’s operational amplifiers and electronic devices. The system
has been built and designed taking like I model to the prototype of the function of transfer of a system of
second order. To the process there is been incorporate a stage of white noise with the purpose of effect to
experiencing the interference and technical implementing linear control, we used the FST (Finite Settling
Time) control. The pattern of the process was obtained in experimental form, for it you apply the
identification of parameters; the method using is the parameters of the adjustment of the curve for direct
interpolation. The model of accuracy has been fundamental for the technique applied of controlling FST. The
action of controlling is guided to control the position due to arbitrary inputs. Those put imposed in this work

6. they are: construction, identification, implementation and simulation in real time of the system. The
experimental results demonstrate that the designed control sign can make that the output follow the
imposed references efficiently.
Key words.- Analog process, Identification, FST control, Implementation and design.
STRESS AND STRENGHT ANALYSIS OF A CYLINDRICAL AUTOMOTIVE NATURAL GAS TANK
ABSTRAC
The present work tries on the analysis of efforts and deformations of cylindrical tanks for vehicular natural
gas, using the analytic method studied by Lamé in 1833, verifying the results for numeric simulation by
means of a commercial software (Cosmos Work) that is based in the application of the technique of finite
elements and for the experimental method (strain gage). The study will allow formulating a calculation
methodology and design of cylinders for vehicular natural gas, since; it is a high-priority necessity for our
country, given the readiness of the natural gas of Camisea. At the moment, in the Peru, the technology about
the production of the cylinders for discharges pressures has not still been developed. The lack of the
methodology dedicated to the calculation and design of the cylinders, one of the reasons that has motivated
us the realization of this investigation work was. The cared cylinders have a very high cost, for that
manifested it requires the local production to reduce them. In this context the analytic methods are
described, supported in the technique of the numeric simulation and later in the technique of the
experimental method with the meter of deformations, to validate the analytic method and the existent
Technical Norms that govern their design and production. The fundamental objective of this work is, to
develop the design methodology, to determine the minimum thickness of wall of the cylinder, for a pressure
of work of 20 MPa, with which operates the cylinder. The efforts and the deformations are calculated in the
cylinder, using the analytic method, the numeric method and the experimental method. Finally he/she is
carried out the analysis of the results. Being culminated with the conclusions and recommendations of the
study.
Key words.- GNV, Cylinder, Efforts, Deformations, Tests.
EXPORT CONTINUIY OF PERUVIAN APPAREL EXPORTES: AN
APPLICATION OF THE MULTIVARIATE LOGIT MODELS
ABSTRACT
In this work, we try to find factors that determine the export continuity of Peruvian apparel exporters.
Logistic regression has been used because it gives several advantages over other methods where the
outcome variable is dichotomous or continuous with few values. Logit model exhibits significant interactions
which have been deeply analyzed. Likewise, it was possible an exhaustive residual and goodness-of-fit
analysis. Finally, we could validate the model for forecast of export continuity in 2006.
Key words.- Logistic regression, Logit model, Hosmer and Lemeshow test, Wald test, Apparel exports, FTA
Peru – USA, External validity, Forecast.

7. HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS DOSIMETRY FOR LOW FIELDS USING RADIOGRAPHICS FILMS
ABSTRACT
In our institution there is a considerable amount of patients suffering skin carcinomas, for which, the
treatment using small fields of high energy electronis a common option of treatment. The dosimetry using
ionization chamber in small electron fields of high energy, according with the international protocols of
dosimetry, requires of ionization chambers with special characteristics; equipment that our institution does
not count; so it is necessary an alternative method to make these measurements. The linear behaviour of the
electron films in energies greater than 250 keV; makes the film dosimetry one of the best options to make
measurements in small electron fields of high energy; as much by its quality of results, information and low
cost.The objective of this work is to provide to the Radiotherapy Department of the National Institute of
Neoplasics Diseases a practical method, safe and economic to do the dosimetry of small electron fields of
high energy; in a way that the international recommendations for dosimetry of electrons of high energy using
film are applied considering the resources that are available, without implies that the quality of the results
be affected in unfavourable form.
Key words.- Small fields electron, Electron dosimetry, Film dosimetry, Radiotheraphy.