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2nd Upper Premolar Anatomy
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- 2. Second Upper Premolar– notation: - Universal Numbering – 13 (Left), 4 (Right) - FDI – 25 (L), 15 (R) - Haderup’s - +5 (L), 5+ (R) - Palmer/Zsigmondy – 5 (L), 5 (R) Adam Maciej Bilski
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- 6. 2nd upper premolar– blood supply: Adam Maciej Bilski
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- 8. Second Upper Premolar– occlusion: Articulating with: 1st molar ( 2nd premolar ( Adam Maciej Bilski
- 9. Their function isto masticate, and maintain the vertical dimention of occlusion (*OVD). *Vertical Dimention of Occlusion - is a term used in dentistry to indicate the superior-inferior relationship of the maxilla and the mandible when the teeth are occluded in maximum intercuspation. *RVD – Rest Vertical Dimention * Adam Maciej Bilski
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- 12. Left Upper 2ndPremolar (buccal/facial aspect): M D - Cusp tip is less pointed, and towards mesial side slope is shorter than (opposite to 1st premolar) is not as prominent as in maxillary 1st premolar - Cervical line is less curvy than in 1st premolar Adam Maciej Bilski
- 13. 10 specimens of2nd upper premolars (buccal aspect): outline of the crown visible (smallest line – cervical part of the tooth) but it’s more oval than 1st MD Adam Maciej Bilski
- 14. Left Upper 2ndPremolar (palatal/lingual aspect): D M - Lingual cusp the same height as buccal one - Crown is 7,5 - 8,5 mm long - Mesial slope shorter Adam Maciej Bilski
- 15. Left Upper 2ndPremolar (mesial aspect): P B - Cusps at nearly the same level - The occlusal table is narrow - Crown is smooth and convex, but root has a deep developmental depression - The (with 1st premolar) is occlusaly on the middle third and slightly to the buccal side - Buccal cusp is slightly sharper than lingual Adam Maciej Bilski
- 16. 10 specimens of2nd upper premolars (mesial aspect): Adam Maciej Bilski
- 17. Left Upper 2ndPremolar (distal aspect): PB - The surface is smooth and convex - Distal marginal ridge is more cervical than mesial marginal ridge - Contact point (with 1st molar) is more cervically positioned and placed more bucally than on the mesial aspect (still it’s on the middle third) Adam Maciej Bilski
- 18. Left Upper 2ndPremolar (occlusal aspect):B P MD - The buccal cusp is less developed than the palatal one (which differs it from the 1st premolar) - The amount of fissures is also higher, so higher probability of an additional buccal cusp - The outline is rounded - Tendency of radiating suplementary grooves from the central groove - Central groove shorter than in 1st Adam Maciej Bilski
- 19. 10 specimens of2nd upper premolars (occlusal aspect): Adam Maciej Bilski
- 20. Root: • Lenght ofroot – 13 - 14 mm (longer then the 1st one’s) • Usually 1 (very rarely 2 roots present) • In case of 2 the lingual is shorter and its apex is more blunt • From lateral view – usually cervical part of root and crown is the thickest • Often pointed distally at the apical part (not a rule though) Adam Maciej Bilski
- 21. Root Canal: 21,5 mm -Not well-defined border of pulp-root canal - Pulp horns often visible - Pulp cavity narrows usually at the apical half of the tooth Adam Maciej Bilski
- 22. Dentinal islands pulpal projections or finsare sometimes present at the level of the CEJ OR constrictions at the same level Adam Maciej Bilski
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- 24. 1 root canalfrom the pulp to apex Adam Maciej Bilski
- 25. 1st Max. Premolarvs. 2nd Max. Premolar 1st 2nd Cusp tip pointed / sharp Cusp tip round Mesial slope longer Mesial slope shorter Cusp tip towards distal Cusp tip towards short Lingual cusp shorter (about 1 mm) Cusps at about same level 2 roots 1 root (sometimes biforcated) 2 root canals 1 or 2 root canals Shorter on avarage Longer on avarage Adam Maciej Bilski
- 26. Pre- treatment radiograph: - 32 yearold male patient - Pain - There has to be endodontic treatment under the temporary restoration Adam Maciej Bilski
- 27. Post-treatment – 3 rootcanals visible, with 3 different foramina (filled with gutta- percha points and root canal sealer) Adam Maciej Bilski
- 28. 2nd premolars were blocked andcouldn’t erupt correctly they have to be removed Adam Maciej Bilski
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