DENTAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR 2ND MOLAR .

1. DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS
AND
PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY
SCHOOL OF DENTAL SCIENCES ,
SHARDA UNIVERSITY
PRESENTED BY- RITIK KASHWANI
180391062
BDS 3RD YEAR
SEMINAR TOPIC – DENTAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY MAXILLARY
AND MANDIBULAR 2ND MOLAR .
MODERATED BY - DR. SUKHDEEP SINGH
DR. DEEPAK KHANDELWAL

2. CONTENTS
• ERUPTION SEQUENCE OF PRIMARY TEETH .
• NOTATIONS – Zsigmondy palmer , Universal
and FDI.
• PRIMARY MAXILLARY 2ND MOLAR .
• PRIMARY MANDIBULAR 2ND MOLAR .
• REFERENCES.

3. ERUPTION SEQUENCE OF PRIMARY
TEETH
Image courtesy - MouthHealthy.org

4. PALMER NOTATION
• The deciduous teeth are lettered A through E from mesial to distal in each
quadrant 2:
• central incisor = A
• lateral incisor = B
• canine = C
• 1st molar = D
• 2nd molar = E
• The bracket symbols for each quadrant is as in the permanent teeth.
• Therefore, the notation B
┐indicates the primary right lower lateral incisor.
1. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR - E/
2. UPPER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - E
3. LOWER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - E
4. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR – /E
Palmer notation, also known as the Zsigmondy system or Zsigmondy-Palmer system, Is
a nomenclature for numbering and naming of teeth, primarily used in the United Kingdom.

5. 1. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR - A
2. UPPER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - J
3. LOWER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - K
4. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR - T
UNIVERSAL SYSTEM
• The American Dental Association Universal Numbering System is a tooth notation
system primarily used in the United States.
• Teeth are numbered from the viewpoint of the dental practitioner looking into the
open mouth, clockwise starting from the distal-most right maxillary teeth.
• The uppercase letters A through T are used for primary teeth
and the numbers 1 - 32 are used for permanent teeth.

6. 1. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR - 55
2. UPPER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - 65
3. LOWER LEFT 2ND MOLAR - 75
4. UPPER RIGHT 2ND MOLAR - 85
• The Federation Dentaire Internationale or FDI World Dental Federation notation system
Is a commonly used system for the numbering and naming of teeth.
• The system uses a two number system for the location and naming of each tooth.
Federation Dentaire Internationale
• In deciduous ("baby") teeth the system is similar however in describing the quadrants the
Number 5 to 8 are used in the place of 1 to 4:
right upper quadrant = 5
left upper quadrant = 6
left lower quadrant = 7
right lower quadrant = 8
Likewise due to the absence of the premolars in deciduous dentition the numbers 1 to 5 are
used only: central incisor = 1 ,lateral incisor = 2 , canine = 3 , 1st molar = 4 ,2nd molar = 5

7. PRIMARY MAXILLARY
2ND MOLAR
• The maxillary second molar is the tooth located
distally (away from the midline of the face) from both
the Maxillary 1st Molars of the mouth but mesial
(toward the midline of the face) from both Maxillary
3rd Molars. This is true only in Permanent teeth.
• In Deciduous teeth, the maxillary second molar is the
last tooth in the mouth and does not have a
third molar behind it.

8. BUCCAL ASPECT
• The characteristics resemble those of the
permanent maxillary 1st molar, but it is
smaller.
• shows two well-defined buccal cusps with a
buccal developmental groove between
them .
• The crown is narrow at the cervix in
comparison with its M-D measurement at
the contact areas.

9. • This crown is much larger than that of the first
primary molar.
• The roots are slender, are much longer and
heavier than those of maxillary first molar.
• The point of bifurcation between the buccal
roots is close to the cervical line of the crown.
• The two buccal cusps are more nearly equal in
size and development than those of permanent
max’1st molar.

10. LINGUAL ASPECT
 Lingually, the crown shows the following three cusps:
(1)the mesiolingual cusp, which is large and well developed
(2)the distolingual cusp, which is well developed
(more than primary 1st molar) and
(3) A third supplemental cusp, which is apical to the
mesiolingual cusp sometimes called the tubercle of Carabelli,
or the fifth cusp * This cusp is poorly developed and merely
acts as a supplement to the bulk of the
mesiolingual cusp.

11.  A well-defined developmental groove
separates the mesiolingual cusp from the
distolingual cusp and connects with the
developmental groove, which outlines
the fifth cusp.
 All three roots are visible from this aspect
 The lingual root is large and thick in
comparison with the other two roots.
 It is approximately the same length as the
mesiobuccal root. If it should differ, it will
be on the short side.

12. MESIAL ASPECT
The crown has a typical molar outline that resembles that
of the permanent molars very much
• The crown appears short because of its width
buccolingually in comparison with its length.
• The crown of this tooth is usually only about 0.5 mm
longer than the crown of the first deciduous molar,
but the buccolingual measurement is
1.5 to 2 mm greater.
In addition, the roots are 1.5 to 2 mm longer.
• The mesiolingual cusp of the crown with its
supplementary 5thcusp appears large in comparison
with the mesiobuccal cusp.

13. • Usually, it is almost straight across from buccal
surface to lingual surface.
• The mesiobuccal root from this aspect is broad and
flat.
• The mesiobuccal cusp from this angle is relatively short.
• Little curvature to the cervical line is evident.

14. • The lingual root has somewhat
same curvature as of 1st molar.
• The mesiobuccal root extends lingually
far out beyond the crown outline.
• The point of bifurcation between the
mesiobuccal root and the lingual root is
2 or 3 mm apical to the cervical line
of the crown

15. DISTAL ASPECT
• From both the distal and the mesial aspects, the
outline of the crown lingually creates a smooth,
rounded line, whereas a line describing the buccal
surface is almost straight from the crest of
curvature to the tip of the buccal cusp.
• The distobuccal cusp and the distolingual cusp are
about the same in length. The cervical line is
approximately straight, as was found mesially
• All three roots are seen from this aspect, although
only a part of the outline of the mesiobuccal root
may be seen, since the distobuccal root is
superimposed over it.

16. • The distobuccal root is shorter and narrower
than the other roots.
• The point of bifurcation between the
distobuccal root and the lingual root is more
apical in location than any of the other points
of bifurcation.

17. OCCLUSAL ASPECT
• From the occlusal aspect, this tooth resembles
the permanent first molar
• It is somewhat rhomboidal and has four well-
developed cusps : mesiobuccal, distobuccal,
mesiolingual, distolingual, and fifth supplemental
cusp.
• The buccal surface is rather flat with the
developmental groove between the cusps less
marked than that found on the first permanent
molar.

18. PRIMARY MANDIBULAR
2ND MOLAR
• It has characteristics that resemble those of the
permanent mandibular first molar, although its dimensions
differ.

19. Buccal Aspect
It has a narrow M-D calibration at the cervical
portion of the crown than at contact level.
The mandibular first permanent molar,
accordingly, is wider at the cervical portion.
• The roots are slender and long.
They have a characteristic flare mesiodistally
at the middle and apical thirds.
The point of bifurcation of the roots starts
immediately below the CEJ.

20. Lingual Aspect
• Two cusps of almost equal dimensions seen, a short, lingual groove
is between them.
• The cervical line is relatively straight
• The mesial portion of the crown seems to be a
little higher than the distal portion ,thus appears tipped distally

21. Mesial Aspect
• Outline of the crown resembles permanent
mandibular first molar.
• The crest of contour buccally is more prominent
• Marginal ridge is high
• The lingual cusp is longer, or higher, than the
buccal cusp.
• The cervical line is regular.
• The mesial root is unusually broad and
flat with a blunt & apex sometimes serrated.

22. Distal Aspect
• The crown is not as wide distally as it is mesially;
therefore ,the mesiobuccal and distobuccal cusps
from the distal aspect.
• The distolingual cusp appears well developed, and
the triangular ridge is seen over the distal marginal
ridge.
• The distal marginal ridge dips down more sharply
and is shorter buccolingually than the mesial
marginal ridge.

23. • The cervical line of the crown is regular
The distal root is almost as broad as the mesial root
and is flattened on the distal surface.
The distal root tapers more at the apical end than
does the mesial root.

24. Occlusal Aspect
• The occlusal outline is somewhat
rectangular
• The three buccal cusps are similar in size.
• The two lingual cusps are also equally
matched.
• Well-defined triangular ridges seen

25. LIST OF REFERENCES/ BIBLIOGRAPHY
1 .Wheeler's dental anatomy, physiology, and occlusion , Stanley J Nelson
2. https://www.wikipedia.org/
3. IMAGE COURTESY - Google & https://www.slideshare.net/dr_abi/morphology-of-tooth