The document provides a review of verb tenses in English including simple present, present continuous, simple past, past continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous. It defines each tense and provides examples of structures and time expressions used with each tense. Key uses of each tense are explained, such as habits and routines for simple present and unfinished present actions for present continuous. Formations of the third person singular are demonstrated across tenses. Differences between the present perfect and present perfect continuous are highlighted through examples.

1. TENSES REVIEW
ING400

2. THIRD PERSON (SINGULAR)
The students sleep and study on Sundays.
The students DON’T SLEEP and STUDY on
Sundays.
DO the students SLEEP and STUDY on
Sundays?
Yes, they do.
No, they don’t.
Jose visits his grandparents every weekend.
Jose DOESN’T VISIT his grandparents every
weekend.
DOES Jose VISIT his grandparents every
weekend?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
Habits/routines
Things in general or things that happen
repeatedly
Always, often, frequently, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, rarely, hardly ever, never,
every day, every weekend, often, once a week,
twice a week
SIMPLE PRESENT

3. STRUCTURE
Subject + verb TO BE or other verb +
complement.
Use verb TO BE to describe
something/somebody/somewhere, or location.
I am a student. (description)
Karla is at home. (location)
SIMPLE PRESENT
OTHER VERBS
They study every day.
HE/SHE/IT + VERB + S/ES
He washes / she drives

4. THIRD PERSON (SINGULAR)
Students ARE EATING healthy food these days.
Students AREN’T EATING healthy food these days.
ARE students EATING healthy food these days?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
Sebas IS EATING rice in these days.
Sebas ISN’T EATING rice in these days.
IS Sebas EATING rice in these days?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
Something that is happening at the time of
speaking. The action is not finished.
- Temporary situations.
At the moment, these days, now, nowadays,
currently, this week, today.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS

5. STRUCTURE
Subject + verb TO BE + Verb -ING+ complement.
I + AM
HE/SHE/IT + IS
WE/YOU/THEY + ARE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS

6. Vicky’s father taught her to drive a car when she was 16 years
old.
Vicky’s father DIDN’T TEACH her to drive a car when she
was 16 years old.
DIDN’T Vicky’s father TEACH her to drive a car when she
was 16 years old?
Yes, he did.
No, he didn’t.
Quiteños made a fuss last month.
Quiteños DIDN’T MAKE a fuss last month.
DID Quiteños MAKE a fuss last month?
Yes, they did.
No, they didn’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
Events in the past that are now finished Yesterday, the other day, the day before yesterday, ago,
last …
STRUCTURE
Subject + verb (SIMPLE PAST) + complement
SIMPLE PAST

7. Alvaro WAS PLAYING polo at this time last week.
Alvaro WASN’T PLAYING polo at this time last week.
ARE Alvaro PLAYING polo at this time last week?
Yes, he was.
No, he wasn’t.
The girls WERE PLAYING video games when their
mother arrived.
The girls WEREN’T PLAYING video games when
their mother arrived.
WERE the girls PLAYING when their mother arrived?
Yes, they were.
No, they weren’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
To say that somebody was in the middle of doing
something ata certain time.
This time last year/week, yesterday, the other day, the
day before yesterday, ago, last …
STRUCTURE
Subject + verb TO BE (WAS/WERE) + Verb -ING+
complement.
I/HE/SHE/IT + WAS
WE/YOU/THEY + WERE
PAST CONTINUOUS

8. THIRD PERSON
Peter and Pam HAVE already WATCHED the film.
Peter and Pam HAVEN’T WATCHED the film, yet.
HAVE Peter and Pam already WATCHED the film?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
Natalia HAS BEEN to Cancun.
Natalia HASN’T BEEN to Cancun.
HAS Natalia BEEN to Cancun?
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
There is a connection with now.
- Tell experiences (no date)
I have been to Egypt.
- Uncompleted actions
I haven’t gotten my Master’s degree, yet.
- STILL, ALREADY, JUST, YET (questions/negative,
EVER, IN (negative statements) (only present perfect
simple)
- so far, in the last week, in the last month, in the last year, in
this week, ever, never, once/twice, many times, several times.
STRUCTURE
Subject + HAVE/HAS + VERB (PAST
PARTICIPLE) + complement.
HE/SHE/IT + HAS
PRESENT PERFECT (SIMPLE)

9. Most of students HAVE BEEN LEARNING English since
they were children.
Most of students HAVEN’T BEEN LEARNING English since
they were children.
HAVE most of students BEEN LEARNING English since they
were children?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
Alejandro HAS BEEN STUDYING at UDLA for three years.
Alejandro HASN’T BEEN STUDYING at UDLA for three
years.
HAS Alejandra BEEN STUDYING at UDLA for three years?
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn’t.
USE TIME EXPRESSIONS
- For actions that are repeated over a period of time. - Since, for, recently, lately.
STRUCTURE
Subject + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + Verb -ING+
complement.
HE/SHE/IT + HAS
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

10. IMPORTANT!
PRESENT PERFECT
&
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

11. LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING PICTURES
AND ANALYZE!

12. Present Perfect Continuous PresentPerfect
1. It focuses on the activity. It’s not
finished.
- My hands are dirty. I’ve been
repairing my bike.
1. It focuses on the result.
- My bike is ready! I’ve repaired it.

13. PresentPerfect Continuous PresentPerfect
3. You may ask and answer these
questionsin present perfect
continuous:
How long
- How long have you been reading
that book?
I’ve been reading it for 2 months.
3. You may ask and answer these
questionsin present perfect:
How much/how many/how many
times
- How much of that book have you
read?
I’ve read 50 pages.

14. REFERENCES
 Murphy, R. & Smalzer, R. (2000). Grammar in use Intermediate (2nd. Ed.).
New York: Cambridge University Press.