The document outlines various threat updates as of June 26, 2018, highlighting the stalemate regarding al Hudaydah port in Yemen, ongoing protests in Iran due to economic issues, and the increasing recruitment opportunities for jihadi groups in Mali amid escalating violence against Fulani civilians. It reports on ISIS's ambitions in Nigeria and Kashmir, as well as the potential for unrest in Ethiopia following an assassination attempt against Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. The document also discusses the shifting dynamics in Libya with the Libyan National Army advancing in the region amid potential rekindling of civil conflict.

1. 1
Threat Update: June 26, 2018
Yemen
The al Houthi movement will not withdraw from al Hudaydah port
city and other key positions on the Red Sea coast under current
conditions. The UN special envoy is engaged in intensive political
negotiations, but will be unlikely to deliver an acceptable result to all
parties involved. The UAE and coalition-backed Yemeni forces are
prepared for an assault on the port city itself should the al Houthis refuse
to withdraw.
Iran
Protests in Iran will continue and may expand because the Iranian
regime is unable to address underlying economic problems.
Thousands of Iranians in various cities protested high prices and
instability in the currency market on June 25 and 26. The Iranian rial has
devalued by more than 200 percent since October 2017 without a
comparable increase in the minimum wage.
The intensification of mass violence against Fulani civilians in Mali
creates recruitment opportunities for Salafi-jihadi groups. Groups like
ISGS or JNIM will offer protection to Fulani communities targeted by the
Malian Army and tribal militias to further ties to these communities. Salafi-
jihadi groups may leverage the vulnerability of Fulani populations to take
control of communities and expand their areas of operations.
Sahel

2. 2
ISIS’s West Africa Province plans to expand operations outside the
Lake Chad Basin. The group maintains the goal of striking Nigeria’s
capital, Abuja. It may also be planning to attack commercial airliners,
based on unverified rumors. Both attacks are unlikely but would signal a
major change in the group’s capabilities and ambitions.
Threat Update: June 26, 2018
Nigeria
Ethiopia
A grenade attack on a rally for Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed
was likely an assassination attempt, indicating domestic opposition
to Ahmed’s reform program. Backlash from within Ethiopia’s ruling
coalition or its security forces could destabilize the country and re-ignite
civil unrest that has abated since Ahmed’s appointment.
An eastern Libyan militia coalition is attempting to take control of oil
revenues and advance westward, setting conditions for renewed civil war
between eastern and western factions that will allow ISIS and al Qaeda-
linked groups to regain strength in the country. The Libyan National Army
announced its intent to hand over recently recaptured oil ports to eastern
authorities instead of the internationally recognized oil authority in Tripoli.
Libya

3. 3
Threat Update: June 26, 2018
South Asia
ISIS is attempting to leverage anti-Indian sentiments in Kashmir to
garner support and expand its presence in the region. Hundreds to
thousands of Kashmiris celebrated a local ISIS leader after Indian
security forces killed him on June 22. The large turnout for his funeral
reflects rising opposition to the India state in Kashmir rather than support
for ISIS’s ideology or objectives in the region, however.
Al Qaeda
Network
The Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) may increase operations to
rebuild its havens in North and South Waziristan under the group’s
new leadership. The TTP Central Shura appointed Mufti Noor Wali as
emir and Mufti Hazrat as his deputy. Both are members of the powerful
Mehsud faction, which draws support and recruits from North and South
Waziristan. Pakistani counter-militancy operations largely pushed the
TTP out of North and South Waziristan from 2014 through 2017.

4. Yemen
4Allyson McCarthy
Yemen factions harden their positions on
Hudaydah port offensive
16-17 JUN: Al Houthi officials indicated
willingness to allow the UN to administer
al Hudaydah port after meeting with the
UN envoy.
1
21 JUN: The UN envoy announced that
the UN is prioritizing avoiding military
conflict in al Hudaydah over advancing
negotiations to resolve the civil war.
2
24 JUN: Al Houthi forces fired two ballistic missiles
at Riyadh. Saudi air defenses intercepted them. An
al Houthi spokesperson threatened to fire more
missiles into Saudi Arabia in response to the
offensive on al Hudaydah.
3
25 JUN: Hadi government Foreign Minister
Khaled al Yamani said that his government
would only accept the UN proposal if the al
Houthis withdraw from the Red Sea coast.
4
present

5. Sahel
5
Growing ethnic-based violence may help Salafi-
jihadi groups gain support among Fulani
Reilly Andreasen
BURKINA FASO
MALI
1. 21 FEB: Malian Army troops
killed seven Fulani civilians in
Nampala.
2. 09 MAR: Dozo tribesmen
burned a Fulani village in
Dioungani.
3. 11 MAR: Dozo tribesmen killed
14 Fulani civilians in Tenenkou.
4. 25 MAR: Malian Army troops
killed six Fulani civilians in Dogo.
5. 12 JUN: Malian Army troops
killed 25 Fulani civilians in Kobaka
and Nanta.
6. 16 JUN: Dozo tribesmen killed
two Fulani in Mopti region.
7. 23 JUN: Dozo tribesmen killed
32 Fulani civilians in Koumaga.
1
3
2
4
65
7

6. Libya
6
LNA operations enter area of influence of rival
Misratan forces
Caitlin McMahon
21 JUN:
1. LNA forces recaptured Ras Lanuf
residential areas.
2. LNA forces advanced westward
into Sirte district.
22 JUN:
3. LNA forces claimed control of
Ras Lanuf. Egypt and the UAE likely
provided air support.
4. The PFG-BDB coalition began
retreating westward. LNA-aligned
warplanes struck a militia convoy
between Sirte city and Misrata.
23 JUN:
5. LNA forces conducted airstrikes
south of Misrata. LNA forces
continued to advanced westward
toward Sirte district.
Ben Jawad
Ras Lanuf
Harawa
1,3,8
2
4
5
6,7
Nawfaliya
Sadada
Bani Walid
Derna
24 JUN:
6. LNA forces seized Mughar district
in Derna.
25 JUN:
7. LNA forces advanced into the Old
City of Derna and claimed to seize
the Jubaila area.
8. The National Oil Corporation
announced that the LNA controls
Ras Lanuf port.
Key
LNA strike
LNA advance
PFG-BDB movement
Misrata

7. Horn of
Africa
7Isabelle Astier-Ibrahim
Ethiopia prime minister pursues aggressive
reform agenda
22
05 JUN: Prime Minister Ahmed announced that
Ethiopia would withdraw from the disputed border in
Badme to implement the peace accords that ended
a border war with Eritrea in 2000.
05 JUN: Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed lifted
Ethiopia’s state of emergency two months
early. The defense minister announced a state
of emergency on February 16 following the
resignation of the previous prime minister.
23 JUN: An unknown attacker detonated a
grenade at a pro-Abiy Ahmed rally in Meskel
Square, Addis Ababa. The grenade killed
two people and injured 156 others.
present
3
2
1

8. 8Jake Barnett
ISIS West Africa Province seeks to expand
operations throughout Nigeria
Nigeria
1. 28 APR: Nigerian security
forces arrested an ISWA
militant in Muda Lawal Market,
Bauchi.
2. 05 MAY: Nigerian security
forces arrested two ISWA
commanders near Abuja in
Gwagwalada, Federal Capital
Territory.
3. 19 JUN: ISWA militants
killed nine Nigerian soldiers in
an attack on an army base in
Gaijram, Borno State.
4. 16 JUN: Nigerian police
increased security at Lagos
airport in response to a
rumored ISWA plot.
1
2
3
4
ISWA kinetic engagement
Arrest of ISWA members
Rumored ISWA plot

9. Al Qaeda
Network
9Maher Farrukh
Mehsud faction regains control of TTP
07 NOV 2013: The TTP selected
Mullah Fazlullah as the new emir of the
TTP. Fazlullah was not from the
powerful Mehsud faction.
1
23 JUN 2018: The TTP Central Shura appointed
Noor Wali as emir and Mufti Hazrat as his
deputy. Both are from the Mehsud faction.
413 JUN 2018: A U.S. airstrike killed
TTP emir Fazlullah in Kunar
province, eastern Afghanistan.
3
02 FEB 2017: Fazlullah appointed
a leader from the Mehsud faction
as his deputy to bring the faction
back into the TTP.
2
present

10. 10Mackenzie Robinson
ISIS attempts to leverage opposition to the
Indian state for support in Kashmir
South
Asia
15 APR: ISIS in Kashmir criticized Hizbul
Mujahideen for prioritizing nationalistic goals
over establishing an Islamic state.
22 JUN: Indian security forces
killed the ISIS in Kashmir chief.
Hundreds to thousands of
supporters attended his funeral.
12 MAR: Thousands of Kashmiris
attended the funeral for ISIS’s leader in
Kashmir. Multiple militant groups claimed
him as a member.
1
2 3
present

11. Acronym List
AMISOM: African Union Mission in Somalia
AQAP: al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
AQIM: al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
AQIS: al Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent
BDB: Benghazi Defense Brigades
BRSC: Benghazi Revolutionaries Shura Council
CJA: Congress for Justice in Azawad
CMA: Coordination for the Movement of the Azawad
GATIA: Imghad Tuareg and Allies Self-Defense Group
ISGS: ISIS in the Greater Sahara
ISIS: Islamic State of Iraq and al Sham
ISWA: ISIS West Africa Province
JNIM: Jama’a Nusrat al Islam wa al Muslimeen
GNA: Libyan Government of National Accord
LNA: Libyan National Army
MAA: Arab Movement of Azawad
MINUSMA: United National Multidimensional
Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali
MNLA: National Movement for the Liberation of the
Azawad
MSCD: Mujahideen Shura Council in Derna
MUJAO: Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa
SNA: Somalia National Army
TTP: Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
11

12. For more information about AEI’s Critical Threats Project, visit www.criticalthreats.org.
Contact us at criticalthreats@aei.org or (202) 888-6575.
Frederick W. Kagan
Director
Critical Threats Project Team
Katherine Zimmerman
Research Manager
Caroline Goodson
Program Manager
12
al Qaeda Analysts
Emily Estelle
Maher Farrukh
Jake Barnett
Iran Analysts
Mike Saidi
Nicholas Carl
Digital Content
Associate
Katie Donnelly