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National AIDS
and STIs Control
Programme
, PEACEH &IT PA RF O& GY RT EI SN SU
2015ANNUAL REPORT
ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR
RESPONSE IN NIGERIA
FEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH
TABLE OF CONTENTS
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA i
Preface
Acknowledgements
List of Acronyms
Sec on One
Introduc on
1.0 Background
1.1 Methodology
Sec on Two
HIV Tes ng Services
2.0 Background
Sec on Three
Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV
3.0 Background
3.1 Na onal eMTCT Targets 2015 – 2016 (Na onal eMTCT Plan, 2014)
Sec on Four
An -Retroviral Therapy
4.0 Background
4.1 Objec ves of the ART Programme
4.2 Challenges of ART Programme
Sec on Five
Recommenda ons
5.1 HIV Tes ng Services
5.2 PMTCT Programmes
5.3 ART Programme
Report Wri ng Technical Team
Data Valida on Steering Commi ee
List of Contributors
iv
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In 2014, Nigeriamade it a priority to report annually, on the three thema c areas of HIV
program: HIV Tes ng Services (HTS), Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of
HIV(PMTCT) and An -Retroviral Therapy . This decision was borne out of the need to
regularly update all stakeholders on HIV program about the progress and challenges
encountered in the Health sector response to HIV. Also, in line with the resolu on of 2004
UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS(UNGASS) , members states were
expected to provide annual reports that will show data on the scale up of selected
interven ons and progress in overcoming health system barriers to achieving Universal
Access.
Annually,theNa onalAIDS&STIsControlProgram(NASCP),FederalMinistryofHealthin
collabora on with NACA, UNICEF, WHO and UNAIDS produces a report on progress in
scaling up the health sector response to HIV & AIDS. The first in the series of annual
reportswasproducedintheyear2014.
This report covers the health sector response to HIV/AIDS for the year 2015 and some
trend analysis. Major sec ons of the report cover the thema c areas: HIV Tes ng
services, Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and An -retroviral
Therapy(ART).
It is my pleasure to present the 2015 annual report on the health sector response to
HIV/AIDS in Nigeria, believing that all stakeholders will find this document very useful to
theirwork.
Na onalCoordinator
NASCP-FMOH
PREFACE
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA ii
Dr. Sunday Aboje
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Na onal AIDS and STI Control Programme of Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH)
acknowledges the efforts of everyone who contributed to the development of the 2015
AnnualReportonHIV&AIDSHealthSectorResponseinNigeria.
We wish to appreciate the partners who provided technical and financial support to the
success of the development of this Report in Nigeria, notable among them are UNICEF,
UNAIDS, WHO and the Na onal Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA). We place on
record the support of UNICEF, World Bank (through SACA), Global Fund (through the
Na onal Agency for the Control of AIDS -NACA), PEPFAR (through their implemen ng
partners, WHO).We equally acknowledge the data valida on steering commi ee for the
successofthe2015healthsectordatavalida on.
Finally, we are also indebted to implemen ng partners, other organiza ons and state
ministries of health that provided relevant data and par cipated in the 4-day report
wri ngmee ng.Weappreciateyourimmensecontribu on tothesuccessofthisac vity.
The input of the various units in Na onal AIDS and STI Control Programme of Federal
We hope that the partnership we have enjoyed through the years will con nue towards
the a ainment of an improved HIV/AIDS service delivery, monitoring and evalua on in
Nigeria.
Dr.CharlesNzelu
Na onalAIDS&STIsControlProgramme
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA iii
MinistryofHealthisalsohighlyvalued.
Deputy Director & Head, Strategic Information Unit
AIDS AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome
ANC AntenatalClinic
ART An -retroviralTherapy
ARV An -retroviral
CDC CentreforDiseaseControl
CTR Counselled,TestedandReceivedResult
CTX Cotrimoxazole
DNA DeoxyribonucleicAcid
EID EarlyInfantDiagnosis
eMTCT Elimina onofMothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS
FCT FederalCapitalTerritory
FMOH FederalMinistryofHealth
GARPR GlobalAIDSResponseProgressReport
HIV HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus
HMIS HealthManagementInforma onSystem
HTS HIVTes ngServices
IDP InternallyDisplacedPersons
INH IsoniazidProphylaxis
IPs Implemen ngPartners
LGAs LocalGovernmentArea
MTCT MothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS
NACA Na onalAgencyfortheControlofAIDS
NASCP Na onalAIDS&STIsControlProgramme
NSP Na onalStrategicPlan
NVP Nevirapine
OIs Opportunis cInfec ons
PCR PolymeraseChainReac on
PEPFAR President'sEmergencyPlanforAIDSRelief
PLHIV PeopleLivingWithHIV
PMTCT Preven onofMothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS
SACA StateAIDSControlAgency
SASCP StateAIDS/STIsControlProgramme
STIs SexuallyTransmi edInfec ons
TB Tuberculosis
TBAs Tradi onalBirthA endants
UN UnitedNa ons
UNAIDS JointUnitedNa onsProgrammeonHIV/AIDS
UNGASS UnitedNa onsGeneralAssemblySpecialSession
UNICEF UnitedNa onsChildren´sFund
USAID UnitedStatesAgencyforInterna onalDevelopment
WHO WorldHealthOrganiza on
LIST OF ACRONYMS
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA iv
Sec on One
Introduc on
1.0 Background
HIV & AIDS is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. In 2015, it was
es mated that 36.7 million people were living with HIV and about 2.1 million new
infec ons occurred globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, about 25.6 million people live with
HIV, and two-thirds of new HIV infec ons globally occurred in this region.Currently,
Nigeria has the second highest burden of HIV/AIDS globally with an es mated 3.0 million
PLHIVand190,950newinfec onsin 2015.
As part of measures to achieve the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target by 2020 and end AIDS by
2030,newstrategieshavebeenputinplaceglobally.Suchstrategiesincludetestandtreat
strategy, index case finding among PLHIV on care, task-shi ing policy, community tes ng,
self-tes ng, scale up of viral load tes ng and collabora on with private laboratories for
promptlinkagetocare,amongothers.
Nigeria,throughtheFederalMinistryofHealthandotherstakeholdershasadoptedsome
of these innova ons and has commi ed tremendous resources towards HIV preven on
and treatment accessibility to the PLHIV. These efforts have led to reduc on in HIV
prevalence among pregnant women a ending antenatal clinic in the country from 4.1%
in 2010 to 3.0% in 2014. The decrease in prevalence translates to reduc on in new HIV
infec onannually.
Tomonitortheeffec venessoftheHIVprogrammeinNigeria,thereisneedtocon nually
generate reliable data that can influence policy making and improve the quality of future
programming.
1
WHO HIV/AIDS Fact Sheets (updated July, 2016) h p://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/
2
UNAIDS 90-90-90 target: By 2020, 90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of all people with diagnosed
HIVinfec onwillreceivesustainedan retroviraltherapy,and90%ofallpeoplereceiving
An retroviraltherapywillhaveviralsuppression.
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 1
1
2
1.1 Methodology
1.1.2 DataValida on
Data valida on is a three-stage process that is done bi-annually. The first stage is at state
level,thesecondatzonallevelandthethirdatna onallevel.
1. Statelevelvalida onprocess
The state level valida on process is coordinated by the State AIDS/STIs Control
Programme (SASCP) of the State Ministries of Health. It involves all the implemen ng
partners in each of the states HIV/AIDS implemen ng health facili es, State AIDS Control
Agency, State HMIS (Health management Informa on System) officers and other relevant
stakeholders. The process includes gap analysis on the reported data, data quality
assessment,visitstohealthfacili es,statelevelreviewmee ngsanddataharmoniza on.
The state level valida on mee ng is a quarterly event that aims at bringing all
stakeholders together to review the HIV/AIDS data. The goal of the mee ng is for all state
level players to have harmonized, good quality, state HIV/AIDS data. The output of this
mee ngfeedsintothezonallevelvalida onmee ng.
2. Zonallevelvalida onprocess
This is a bi-annual event coordinated by the Na onal AIDS/STIs Control programme
(NASCP) Federal Ministry of Health, and managed by a steering commi ee comprising of
NASCP and NACA officers. The commi ee meets regularly and their terms of reference
are:
Ÿ Constantcommunica onwiththestatelevelplayers
Ÿ Interac onwithallrelevantstakeholders
Ÿ Resourcemobiliza onforthedatavalida onprocess
Ÿ Conveningofthedatavalida onmee ngs
Ÿ Data cleaning, harmoniza on and prepara on of the Global AIDS Response
ProgressRepor ng(GARPR).
Ÿ Prepara onoftheannualHIV/AIDShealthsectorreport.
The 2015 data valida on mee ngs were convened in August 2015 and February/March
2016 for the first and second semester reports respec vely. Par cipants at the valida on
mee ngs included Federal Ministry of Health, State Ministries of Health, NACA, SACAs,
United Na on agencies (UNICEF, WHO, UNAIDS), na onal and state level Implemen ng
Partners(Ips).
Themee ngsheldinthethreezonesasindicatedbelow:
a. North-CentralandSouth-West–Ibadan,OyoState
b. South-East andSouth-Southandzones- Enugu,Enugustate
c. North-EastandNorth-Westzones–Kaduna,Kadunastate
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 2
Thekeyoutputofthemee ngsisthevalidateddatafromthe36statesinNigeriaandFCT.
3. Na onalLevelValida onProcess
DataCleaning,Harmoniza onandRepor ng
TheNa onalsteeringcommi eehastheresponsibilityofcolla ng,cleaning,harmonizing
and finalizing the report. The commi ee met regularly to finalize the 2015 data submi ed
by the states. The commi ee also dra ed the 2015 GARP report that was presented to
stakeholdersforra fica on.
ConsensusBuildingMee ng
A one- day consensus building mee ng that involved stakeholders at the na onal level
was held to ra fy the 2015 GARP report. Par cipants at the mee ng included NACA,
NASCP, UNAIDS, WHO, PEPFAR, CDC and USAID. The GARP report was reviewed at the
mee ng and recommenda ons were made to the steering commi ee. All
recommenda ons outlined at the consensus mee ng were ar culated into the GARP
reportbeforethefinalsubmission.
EndorsementsandAuthoriza ons
ThereportwasendorsedbytheFederalMinistryofHealth.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 3
2.0 Background
HIV Tes ng Services (HTS) refer to the services that are provided together with HIV
counselling and tes ng. These include pre and post-test counselling, linkage to
appropriate HIV preven on, treatment and care services, collabora on with laboratory
services to ensure quality assurance and delivery of correct results. Effec ve HTS remains
a gateway to HIV preven on, treatment, care and support services including Preven on
of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, An retroviral Therapy (ART) and
The goal of the program is to make HIV tes ng services available, accessible, and
affordable to all Nigerians. This will enable them to know their HIV status and have
promptaccesstoappropriatetreatment,careandsupportservices.
Thissec onpresentskeyHTSfindings fromthe2015annualdataand previousreportsfor
Nigeria.
Table 2.1: Number of people CTR disaggregated by age and sex from 2012 to 2015
Number of people CTR (excluding tes ng in PMTCT se ngs)
2012 2013 2014 2015
Males <15 80,268 203,427 397,851 537,574
Females <15 83,536 191,262 375,138 522,218
Females >15 1,429,274 1,923,840 3,148,377 3,610,885
Males >15 1,199,533 1,698,672 2,795,116 3,067,917
Total 2,792,611 4,017,201 6,716,482 7,738,594
Number of people tested posi ve (excluding tes ng in PMTCT se ngs)
2012 2013 2014 2015
Males <15 8,647 10,391 7,258 9,123
Females <15 8,706 9,384 16,241 8,552
Females >15 175,177 139,385 208,176 152,535
Males >15 119,166 108,694 111,866 94,266
Total 311,696 267,854 353,541 264,476
% Posi ve (Posi vity rate) 11.2% 6.7% 5.3% 3.4%
Sec on Two
HIV Tes ng Services
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 4
ManagementofOpportunis cInfec ons (OIS).
Table 2.1 shows an increase of 15% in the total number of people who were counselled,
tested and have received result (CTR) and 37% among children from 2014 to 2015. Male
and female children's posi vity rate is the same in 2015 (2%) while it is higher among
female adults (4%) as compared to male adults (3%). In general, posi vity rate decreased
progressively from 11% in 2012 to 3% 2015. In order to harvest more people who are HIV
posi ve from the general popula on, there is a need to increase the number of people
CTR.
Table2.2:HIVtes ngamongcouples,TBpa entsandSTIsclients
2012 2013 2014 2015
Number of couples CTR 32,899 157,429 123,069 82,149
Number of couples with discordant results 3,231 8,838 12,776 7,560
% discordant couples 9.8% 5.6% 10.4% 9.2%
Number of TB Pa ents tested Nega ve 18,392 64,674 42,397 41,419
Number of TB Pa ents tested posi ve 16,809 28,631 45,189 26,200
Number of TB Pa ents CTR 35,201 93,305 87,586 67,619
No. of STI clients tested HIV nega ve 13,914 28,376 145,856 236,749
No. of STI clients tested HIV posi ve 37,058 23,344 18,510 20,667
Number of STI Clients CTR 50,972 51,720 164,366 257,416
Table 2.2 shows a decrease in the number of couples tested for HIV from 123,069 in 2014
to 82,149 in 2015, and a decrease in number of discordant couples from 12,776 to 7,560.
The percentage of discordancy also reduced from 10.4% to 9.2%. The number of TB
pa ents CTR decreased by 23% in 2015 from 2014. Counselling and tes ng among STI
clientsincreasedby57%from2014and2015.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 5
The chart in Figure 2.1 shows an increase in the number of facili es providing HIV Tes ng
services and the number of people CTR between 2014 and 2015. There was an increase in
the number of facili es from 8,114 in 2014 to 8,308 in 2015 and a 15% increase in the
number of people who were counseled, tested and have received results for both adults
and children. The gradual increase in the number of people CTR can be a ributed to the
scale-up of HTS facili es in the country which has led to improved accessibility and
coverage.
Figure 2.1: Number of HTS facili es vs number of people CTR
2,624
7,075
8,114 8,308
2,792,611
4,017,201
6,716,482
7,738,594
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
7000000
8000000
9000000
2012 2013 2014 2015
Number of HCT Facili es
Number of people CTR
Figure 2.2: NSP year target vs achievement
-
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
2012 2013 2014 2015
2,792,611
4,017,201
6,716,482
7,738,594
311,696 267,854 353,541
264,476
TOTAL NUMBER CTR TOTAL NUMBER TESTED POSITIVE
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 6
Figure2.2 showstheannualachievementsofna onalstrategicplan(NSP)targetsforHTS
from2012-2015.Therewasaprogressiveincreaseintheannualachievementsofnumber
ofpeopleCTRwiththepeakperformanceof74%in2015.
Table2.3:2015HIVtes ngandposi vityratebystate
STATE PEOPLE TESTED TESTED POSITIVE POSITIVITY RATE
Rivers 113,263 8,438 7.4%
Taraba 116,351 8,295 7.1%
Borno 9,172 566 6.2%
Abia 98,347 5,783 5.9%
Plateau 56,384 3,253 5.8%
Benue 628,886 35,208 5.6%
Delta 136,180 7,322 5.4%
Nasarawa 295,433 15,000 5.1%
Adamawa 140,560 7,087 5.0%
Edo 98,297 4,884 5.0%
Niger 159,324 7,886 4.9%
Yobe 77,758 3,774 4.9%
FCT 290,290 13,105 4.5%
Akwa Ibom 532,602 23,870 4.5%
Anambra 202,705 8,186 4.0%
Lagos 372,477 14,729 4.0%
Kano 86,430 3,290 3.8%
Ogun 130,305 4,951 3.8%
Kaduna 76,004 17,491 3.7%
Kogi 123,580 3,830 3.1%
Katsina 117,716 3,592 3.1%
Bayelsa 56,514 1,661 2.9%
Kebbi 85,926 2,390 2.8%
Eki 88,246 2,358 2.7%
Imo 242,352 5,945 2.5%
Jigawa 106,738 2,518 2.4%
Cross Rivers 421,446 9,555 2.3%
Enugu 290,817 6,468 2.2%
Ondo 101,881 2,199 2.2%
Sokoto 135,399 2,568 1.9%
Gombe 196,369 3,617 1.8%
Bauchi 217,062 3,820 1.8%
Kwara 156,252 2,456 1.6%
Oyo 666,900 8,398 1.3%
Ebonyi 247,604 2,466 1.0%
Osun 318,707 2,991 0.9%
Zamfara 126,534 1,168 0.9%
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 7
Challenges
Some challenges encountered during the implementa on of the HTS program in Nigeria
are:
Ÿ Inadequate number of sites providing HTS services and inequitable geographical
spreadoftheexis ngsites
Ÿ InadequatenumberoftrainedserviceprovidersonHTS
Ÿ Limitedintegra onofHTSintootherservice
Ÿ HIVrapidtestkitswereoutofstockinsomeservicedeliverypoints
Ÿ Weakmechanismfordistribu onofreagents
Ÿ Weakqualityassurancesysteminthecountryforbothcounsellingandtes ng
Table 2.3 shows that about half of the states have HIV posi vity rate higher than na onal
(3.4%). It is highest in Rivers and Taraba with 7.4% and 7.1% respec vely and lowest in
OsunandZamfarawith0.9%.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 8
Sec on Three
Preven on of
Mother to Child
Transmission of HIV
3.0 Background
The transmission of HIV from an HIV-posi ve mother to her child during pregnancy,
labour, delivery or breas eeding is called mother-to-child transmission. Reports have
shown that Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) accounts for over 90% of new HIV
infec ons among children. In the absence of any interven on, transmission rate ranges
from 15% to 45%. This rate can be reduced to less than 5% with effec ve interven ons
during the periods of pregnancy, labour, delivery and breas eeding. The interven ons
primarily involve an retroviral treatment for the mother and a short course of
an retroviral drugs for the baby. They also include measures to prevent HIV transmission
tothebabyduringpregnancy,labour,deliveryandbreas eedingperiod.
The new Sustainable Development Goals place heightened emphasis on preven on of
mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in the context of be er health for mothers
and their children. Effec ve PMTCT programmes require women and their infants to have
access to a cascade of interven ons including antenatal services, HIV tes ng during
pregnancy, use of an retroviral treatment (ART) by pregnant women living with HIV, safe
childbirth prac ces and appropriate infant feeding, uptake of infant HIV tes ng and other
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 9
De Cock, K. M., Fowler, M. G., Mercier, E., de Vincenzi, I., Saba, J., Hoff E., Alnwick, D. J., Rogers, M., & Shaffer, N. (2000)
‘Preventon of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: transla ng research into policy and prac ce’ The
Journal of the American Medical Associa on 283(9): 1175-1182
2
World Health Organisa on (WHO 2015) ‘Mother-to-child transmission of HIV’
1
2
1
post-natal healthcare services. Though PMTCT aims at the child, it invariably caters for
the parents and the en re community who are equally important in achieving low MTCT
outcome.
ThecomprehensiveapproachtoPMTCTprogrammesincludes:
Ÿ Preven ngnewHIVinfec onsamongwomenofchildbearingage
Ÿ Preven ngunintendedpregnanciesamongwomenlivingwithHIV
Ÿ Preven ngHIVtransmissionfromawomanlivingwithHIVtoherbaby
Ÿ Providing appropriate treatment, care and support to mothers living with HIV and
theirchildrenandfamilies.
3.1 Na onal eMTCT Targets 2015 – 2016
(Na onal eMTCT Plan, 2014)
1. 50% of adolescents and young people have access to preven on interven ons by
2016
2. 20% ofallHIVposi vewomenhaveaccesstocontracep veby2016
3. 70% of all pregnant women receive quality HIV tes ng and counselling and receive
theirresultby2016
4. 70% of all HIV posi ve pregnant women and breas eeding mothers receive ARVs
by2016
5. 55%ofallHIV-exposedinfantsreceiveARVprophylaxisby2016
6. 45%ofallHIV-exposedinfantshaveearlyinfantdiagnosisservicesby2016
7. 55%ofallHIV-exposedinfantsreceiveCTX prophylaxisby2016
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 10
3
Padian NS, McCoy SI, Karim SS, Hasen N, Kim J, Bartos M, Katabira E, Bertozzi SM, Schwartlander B, Cohen MS. (2011) ‘HIV
preven on transformed: the new preven on research agenda’ Lancet 378(9787)269-278
4
World Health Organisa on (2010) ‘PMTCT strategic vision 2010-2015: Preven ng mother-to-child transmission of HIV to
reach the UNGASS and Millenium Development Goals’
3
4
Table 3.1: Key PMTCT indicators from 2015 Data
** A endance at PMTCT site only during the repor ng period
*All the es mated needs are from the Nigeria_2016 spectrum file
INDICATORS 2015
Es mated
need*
2015
Performance
2015
Coverage
(%)
Pregnant women a ending first ANC visit ** 6,258,277 2,849,867 45.54%
Pregnant women who were tested for HIV and
received their results including those with
previously known HIV status
6,258,277 2,780,170 44.42%
Pregnant women who tested HIV posi ve
including previously known posi ve 177,993 75,855 42.61%
HIV -infected pregnant women who received
an retroviral drugs to reduce the risk of mother -
to-child transmission (MTCT) 177,993 53,677 30.16%
HIV exposed infants receiving ARV prophylaxis
for the PMTCT within first 6 weeks of birth 177,993 27,486 15.44%
HIV exposed infants who started CTX
prophylaxis within 2 months 177,993 18,263 10.26%
HIV exposed infants whose blood samples were
taken for DNA PCR test within 2 months of birth 177,993 15,879 8.92%
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
675 684 1,320
5,622
6,546
7,265
Figure3.1:PMTCTsitesovertheyears
Figure 3.1 shows an increase in the number of PMTCT sites from 2010 – 2015. This
indicates that the PMTCT program has grown over the years by scaling up of services to
morefacili esespeciallyinthelastfouryears.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 11
907,387
1,036,289
1,181,296
1,706,524
3,067,514
2,780,170
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Figure3.2:Pregnantwomencounselled,testedandreceivedresults
Figure 3.2 shows a progressive increase in the number of pregnant women who received
counselling and tes ng from 2010 to 2014 but a slight decline in 2015 was observed. This
dropcouldbea ributedtostrikes,scaledownofsitesbyPEPFARandlackoftestkits.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 12
***Kaduna State data under review.
11%
14%
15%
16%
17%
19%
19%
20%
20%
21%
24%
26%
27%
29%
29%
29%
31%
33%
35%
36%
37%
39%
41%
44%
46%
47%
47%
49%
51%
53%
55%
65%
76%
77%
79%
81%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Kogi
Kebbi
Borno
Rivers
Yobe
Osun
Katsina
Ogun
Bayelsa
Eki
Sokoto
Lagos
Jigawa
Edo
Plateau
Ondo
Zamfara
Abia
Kano
Delta
Bauchi
Cross-River
Oyo
Taraba
Adamawa
Enugu
Anambra
Akwa-Ibom
Kwara
Imo
Niger
Benue
FCT
Gombe
Nasarawa
Ebonyi
Figure3.3:Breakdownof2015HTSatPMTCTSitesbyState
Figure 3.3 shows the number of pregnant women CTR in 2015. Ebonyi State was able to
supersede the 80% coverage target while Nassarawa, Gombe and FCT had over 70%
coverage. Seven states were unable to counsel and test up to 20% of pregnant women.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 13
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
26,133
37,868 40,465
57,871 63,350
53,677
Figure3.4:PMTCTProphylaxis2010-2015
Figure 3.4 shows a progressive increase in number of HIV posi ve pregnant women
placed on ARV to reduce the risk of mother to child transmission from 2010 to 2014.
However, a decline of about 10,000 was recorded in 2015 when compared to 2014
achievement. The observed decrease can be a ributed to centres being out of stock of
testkits/commodi es,industrialac onandscaledownofsitesbyPEPFAR.
Akwa Ibom 5.6 7.5 10.8
Anambra 1.6 3.7 9.7
Bauchi 0.8 1.3 2.3
Bayelsa 1.8 3.4 3.8
Benue 3.6 9.0 15.4
Borno 0.2 1.1 1.1
Cross Rivers 1.9 3.5 6.6
Delta 2.1 3.5 3.6
Ebonyi 0.5 1.1 2.6
Edo 1.3 3.5 4.1
Eki 1.2 2.4 2.9
Enugu 1.2 2.4 4.9
Table 3.2: Posi vity rate and ANC prevalence per State for 2015
State *Posi vity rate % *Program Prevalence % **ANC prevalence %
Abia 3.4 6.2 3.9
Adamawa 1.0 1.8 2.5
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 14
FCT 1.7 3.7 5.8
Gombe 0.4 1.2 3.4
Imo 1.1 1.6 7.5
Jigawa 0.3 0.6 1.9
Kaduna 0.7 1.5 2.2
Kano 0.3 0.6 2.2
Katsina 0.5 1.2 1.4
Kebbi 0.5 0.8 1.4
Kogi 1.2 5.5 3.3
Kwara 0.8 1.3 2.3
Lagos 1.6 5.2 4.0
Nasarawa 2.2 3.6 6.3
Niger 1.1 1.9 1.7
Ogun 1.7 3.5 2.9
Ondo 1.1 2.3 1.6
Osun 1.1 1.8 1.6
Oyo 0.8 1.6 1.9
Plateau 1.5 6.3 5.9
Rivers 3.0 4.2 5.8
Sokoto 0.8 1.1 3.0
Taraba 3.2 7.1 5.2
Yobe 0.2 2.3 1.5
Zamfara 0.2 0.3 0.9
Nigeria 1.3 2.7 3.0
** 2014 ANC survey report
* Posi vity rate and Program prevalence are from the 2015 program data
Table 3.2 compares the 2014 ANC Sen nel Survey HIV prevalence, program HIV
prevalence and posi vity rate of the 2015 na onal program data. There are varia ons in
prevalence between program and ANC survey data in some states; this was high in some
states while there was harmony in others. Benue and Akwa Ibom had the highest
prevalence while Zamfara state had the lowest for both the 2015 program data and 2014
ANCsurvey.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 15
-
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
# of
es mated
HIV+ PW
# of HIV
+ve PW
(including
previously
known
+ve)
# of +ve
PW that
received
ARVs
# of
deliveries
by HIV +ve
PW
# of HIE
who
received
1st dNVP
within 2
months
# of Infants
born to
HIV+ PW
whose had
EID
# of EID
results
received
# of HIV
EID reults
that tested
nega ve
177,993
75,855
53,677
25,544 27,486
15,879 14,707 12,504
12.7
18.3 19.4
27.5
29.9 30.2
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Figure3.6:PMTCTCoverage(%)inNigeria2010-2015
Figures 3.6 shows the progressive rise in ARV prophylaxis coverage based on es mated
needs from 2010 to 2015. The absolute number of women who received ARV prophylaxis
increased from 57,871 in 2013 to 63,350 in 2014 and declined to 53,677 in 2015. This
reduc on could be due to re-programming which led to withdrawal of support to low
yieldingPMTCTsites.
Figure3.5:2015PMTCTCascade
Figure 3.5 shows that 42.6% of the es mated HIV posi ve pregnant women knew their
HIV Status in the year 2015. Of these confirmed cases, 70.8 % were placed on ARVs and
about 47.6% of them gave birth in the facili es. About 51.2% of babies born to HIV
posi ve pregnant women that had PMTCT interven ons received first dose NVP and
29.6% had DNA PCR done within 2 months of birth. Thus, it can be inferred that the EID
component of the PMTCT program needs to be strenghtened. The drop out along the
PMTCTcascadecouldbeduetoinadequatefollowupintheprogramme.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 16
2
3
3
7
7
8
13
13
15
18
19
19
19
21
21
23
26
27
27
27
32
32
34
36
40
42
44
46
47
51
54
54
63
77
82
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Borno
Yobe
Sokoto
Eki
Jigawa
Kano
Zamfara
Kebbi
Oyo
Osun
Katsina
Tarabe
Ogun
Gombe
Ondo
Kogi
Imo
Kaduna
Ebonyi
Bauchi
Rivers
Bayelsa
Nasarawa
Lagos
Benue
Cross-River
Kwara
Adamawa
Niger
Plateau
Akwa-Ibom
FCT
Abia
Delta
Enugu
Figure3.7:PMTCTCoverage(%)byState
From Figure 3.7, it was observed that about 15 states have PMTCT coverage above that of
thena onal(30.2%).ThehighestPMTCTcoveragewasobservedinEnugustate(82%)and
thelowestinBornostate(2%).However,acomparisonbetweenfigures3.3and3.7shows
that some states had high PMTCT HTS coverage as against their PMTCT ARV prophylaxis
coverage. This could have resulted from the weak referral system, linkages and reten on
ofHIVposi vepregnantwomen.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 17
16,826
37,179
70,570
49,808
5,443
6,787
20,033
9,514
2012 2013 2014 2015
No. of PW partners with concordant results No. of PW partners with discordant result
Figure3.8:Partnerstes ngoutcomeinPMTCT
Figure3.8 shows a progressiveincreasein partners' involvement in PMTCT from 2012to
2014 with a slight drop in 2015. This underscores the need for increased awareness for
partner'sinvolvementinPMTCT.
Prop of -ve preg
women that
partners tested
-ve
79%
Prop of -ve preg
women that
partners tested
+ve
3%
Prop of +ve preg
women that
partners tested
-ve
13%
Prop of +ve preg
women that
partners tested
+ve
5%
Figure3.9:StatusofMaleinvolvementin2015
Figure 3.9 shows that about 5% of the partners of HIV positve pregnant women tested
posi ve and 13% tested nega ve. About 79% partners of HIV nega ve pregnant women
testednega vewhile3%wereposi ve(discordantcouples).
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 18
# of new ANC a endees 2,849,867
# of PW tested for Syphilis 389,009
# of PW tested +
for syphilis 4,808
treated
2,941
49,551 47,902 46,343
41,008
38,515 39,847
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Figure3.11:Es matednumberofnewinfec onsamongchildren(0-4yrs)duetoMTCT
Figure 3.11 illustrates that there was a general decline from 2010 to 2014 in new HIV
infec ons among children . However,there was a slight increase between 2014 and 2015
whichcouldbea ributedtothedecreaseinoverallPMTCTcoverageacrossthecountry.
Figure3.10:2015SyphilisCascade
Figure 3.9 indicates s that about 13.7% of new ANC a endees were tested for syphilis, of
these, 1.2% were posi ve. About 61.2% of the pregnant women who tested posi ve for
syphilis were treated. This suggests that there is need to increase awareness of syphilis
among pregnant women and government should make provision for more test kits at
ANC.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 19
CHALLENGES
i. Poor infrastructure for the support
of laboratory and EID services
ii. Inadequate PMTCT trainings for
service providers
iii. Mul ple pla orms for data
repor ng
iv. Funding gaps/dwindling
counterpart funding
v. Poor ownership and coordina on of
PMTCT programmes.
vi. Staff a ri on
vii. Insecurity in some parts of the
country
viii. Weak demand crea on for PMTCT
ix. Socio-cultural factors (e.g TBAs,
Religious beliefs)
WAY FORWARD
i. Training and retraining of health
care workers on PMTCT.
ii. Improvement in Infrastructure and
logis cs
iii. Harmoniza on of data repor ng
pla orm.
iv. Improved ownership and
coordina on of PMTCT
programmes.
v. Provision of PMTCT services in
IDP/Refugee camps
vi. Improve demand crea on for
PMTCT services.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 20
Sec on Four
An -Retroviral
Therapy
4.0Background
An retroviral Therapy (ART) is the gold standard for the management of HIV infec on.
The Federal Ministry of Health introduced na onal ART programme in 2001 at 25 ter ary
hospitals and it targeted 10,000 adults and 5,000 children. However, following the 3 by 5
WHO ini a ve, the target was reviewed to achieve universal access to ART by 2010.
Treatment cascade s ll shows important leakages in the number of diagnosed HIV
pa ents that were linked to care and the number commenced on ART. Reten on of
pa ents in care and viral load tes ng has been a major issue in HIV treatment across the
country,eveninfacili eswithgoodHIVtes ngandARTcoverage.
In order to a ain the global target of 90-90-90 by 2020, there is need to develop new
strategiesacrossthecon nuumofcare.Currently,innova onsandstrategiesliketestand
treat, scale up plan for paediatrics ART, task -shi ing, and scale up of viral load tes ng
havebeendeployedtowards achievingthistarget.
4.1Objec vesoftheARTProgramme
Ÿ At least 80% of eligible adults (women and men) and 80% of children (boys and
girls)arereceivingARTbasedonna onalguidelinesby2015
Ÿ At least 80% of PLHIV are receiving quality management for OIs (diagnosis,
prophylaxis,andTreatment)by2015
Ÿ All states and local government areas (LGAs) are implemen ng strong TB/HIV
collabora veInterven onsby2015
Ÿ All TB pa ents and those suspected to have TB have access to quality and
comprehensiveHIVandAIDSservicesby2015
Ÿ All PLWHIV have access to quality TB screening and those suspected to have TB, to
receiveTBtreatment
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 21
Table4.1:KeyNa onalARTindicators(2010-2015)
INDICATORS 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Es mated number of children living
with HIV
238,966 241,679 243,743 241,870 239,076 238,504
Percentage of eligible children currently
receiving an retroviral therapy (ART)
(based on the Na onal Guidelines)
13.96 25.09 21.78 33.49 28.92 21.44
Percentage of children currently
receiving an retroviral therapy (ART)
(based on treat -all)
8.5 15.2 12.9 19.6 18.4 18.7
Es mated number of adults living with
HIV
2,735,418 2,756,830 2,768,382 2,779,800 2,790,282 2,798,860
Es mated number of adults in need
based on the Na onal guidelines
1,159,935 1,209,860 1,253,717 1,302,279 1,353,565 2,059,477
Percentage of eligible adults currently
receiving an retroviral therapy (ART)
(based on the na onal guidelines)
29.2 32.7 36.6 45.5 52.0 39.3
Percentage of adults currently receiving
an retroviral therapy (ART) (based on
treat all)
12.4 14.3 16.6 21.3 25.2 28.9
Total Number of Adults and Children
currently on ART
359,181 432,285 491,021 639,397 747,382 853,992
Total number of new infec ons 237,895 230,569 222,341 208,846 198,454 190,950
Percentage of es mated HIV posi ve
incident TB cases that received
treatment for TB and HIV
9.3 19.6 9.2 9.2 12.2 ??
Number of persons enrolled for HIV
care who were placed on INH
prophylaxis
1,750 969 2,257 7,973 22,899 40,885
Number of persons enrolled for HIV
care who ini ated CTX prophylaxis -
(Children 0 -14 years)
naNA naNA 10,171 33,946 24,909 28,284
Number of persons on ART who are lost
to follow
25886 8073 63589 75651
Number of ART pa ents known to have
died during the repor ng period
6710 8732 10949 11321
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 22
20,401 36,716 31,556 47,313 44,024 44,688
338,780
395,569
459,465
592,084
703,358
809,304
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Currently on Treatment -Children (0 -14 yrs) Currently on Treatment - Adults (15 yrs + )
Figure4.1Es matedNumberofPersonsLivingWithHIV
The chart in Figure 4.1 shows the es mated number of people living with HIV in Nigeria
disaggregated by age. In 2015, an es mated 3 million people were living with HIV in
Nigeria.Foradults,asustainedincreasingtrendwasobservedoverthepastfiveyears.
Figure4.2:NumberofAdultsandChildrencurrentlyontreatmentfrom2010-2015
Figure 4.2 shows that about 854,000 PLHIV (809,304 adults and 44,688 children) are on
treatment as at the end of 2015. This accounts for about 28.1% coverage (18.7% adults
and 28.9% children) of the es mated children and adults living with HIV and translates
into a gap of about 193,816 and 1,989,556 for children and adults respec vely. The
increasingtrendobservedinthepercentageofARTcoveragefrom12.1to28.1%between
2010 and 2015 may be a ributed to the scaling-up of ART centres. The ART services are
availableinsecondary,ter ary,andafewprimaryhealthfacili esacrossthe36statesand
FCT.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 23
238,966 241,679
243,743 241,870
239,076
238,504
146,177 146,338
144,882
141,268 152,205
208,453
61.2 60.6
59.4 58.4
63.7
87.4
8.5
15.2
12.9
19.6 18.4 18.7
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Es mated number of children living with HIV
Es mated number of children in need of ART by Nat. Guideline
Percentage of children in need of ARTby Nat Guideline
Percentage currently on treatment - Children (0 - 14 yrs)
Figure4.3:TreatmentCoverageforchildren
Figure 4.3 shows ART treatment coverage for children aged 0-14yrs. It compares, across
the years, the percentage of children eligible for treatment and who are currently on
treatment and those who are eligible for treatment but not receiving treatment. This is
based on the na onal guideline using the es mated popula on of HIV posi ve children.
There is a huge gap in ART coverage across the years under review, with about 68.7% gap
asat2015.
Between2010and2012,therewasasteadyincreaseinthenumberofchildrenlivingwith
HIV from 234,966 to 243,743. This was followed by a declining trend which reached
238,504 in 2015. The number of under-5 children living with HIV dropped by 41.8%
between2010and2015. ThispartlycouldbeasaresultofincreasedcoverageofPMTCT.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 24
81%
19%
Percentage of Es mated number
of children (0 -14 yrs) living with
HIV not on ART
Percentage of children (0 -14 yrs)
living with HIV on ART
2,735,418 2,756,830 2,768,382 2,779,800 2,790,282 2,798,860
1,159,935 1,209,860 1,253,717 1,302,279 1,353,565
2,059,477
42
44 45
47
49
74
29
33
37
45
52
39
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Es mated number of adults living with HIV
Es mated number of adults in need of ART by Nat Guideline
Percentage of adults in need of ART by Nat Guideline
Percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment.
Figure 4.4: Propor on of Es mated Number of Children Living with HIV/AIDS on
Treatment
The ART coverage among treatment eligible HIV posi ve children using the na onal
guideline as at 2015 is 21%. However, with the “Test and treat all” strategy, only about
19%ofthees matedpopula onofHIVposi vechildrenaccessedtreatment.
Figure 4.5: Treatment coverage for adults
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 25
The chart in Figure 4.5 shows ART treatment coverage for Adults. It compares across the
years, the percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment and those who are in need
of treatment based on the na onal guideline. There was a sharp increase in the
percentage of adults in need of ART (by na onal guideline) between 2014 and 2015 due
to change of WHO eligibility criteria for treatment from 350 to 500 cells/mm3. The
percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment progressively increased ll 2014,
when it declined sharply due to increase in number of people in need of treatment in
2015.
71%
29%
Percentage of es mated number of
adults (15 years +) living with HIV not
on ART
Percentage of adults (15 years +) living
with HIV currently on Treatment.
Figure 4.6: Propor on of Es mated Number of Adults Living with HIV/AIDS who are on
Treatment
The ART coverage among HIV posi ve adults who are eligible for treatment was about
39%. However, with “test and treat all”, only 29% of the es mated popula on of HIV
posi veadultsaccessedtreatmentintheyear2015.
Table4.2:NumberofpersonscurrentlyonART(disaggregatedbysexandregimen)
AGE SEX 2012 2013 2014 2015
1st Line 2nd
Line
3rd
line
1st Line 2nd
Line
3rd
Line
1st Line 2nd
Line
3rd
Line
1st Line 2nd
Line
3rd
Line
Children
(0 -14
yrs)
Male
13,061 757 7 20,768 570 3 20,038 1,058 20 21,507 853 2
Female
16,897 827 6 23,436 2,528 8 22,076 824 8 21,787 537 2
Adults
(15 yrs
+)
Male
131,150 5,622 8 184,773 7,019 154 197,671 7,403 50 233,413 6,892 22
Female
309,916 12,756 14 387,338 12,714 86 483,129 15,056 49 555,366 13,569 42
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 26
-
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Number of persons newly started
on ART (children)
6,457 6,421 8,309 7,998 9,435 10,985
Number of persons newly started
on ART (adults)
102,769 113,468 94,302 140,030 135,618 160,428
Total number of persons newly
started on ART
109,226 119,889 102,611 148,028 145,053 171,413
Figure 4.8: Tipping Point
190,950
es mated new
cases
171,413
newly placed on
treatment
ThenumberofnewHIVinfec onswascomparedwiththenumberofnewpa entsonART
for the year 2015 as highlighted by the “ pping point” in Figure 4.8. Nigeria's AIDS
epidemic is yet to reach a safe pping point as the ra o of 2015 new HIV infec ons to new
pa ents on treatment is s ll above 1.0. Sustained efforts are required to further reduce
Figure4.7:NumberofAdultsandChildrennewlystartedART
The number of persons newly started on ART increased in a step ladder pa ern from
109,226 in 2010 to 171,413 in 2015 as shown in Figure 4.7. In 2015, there was about 16%
and18%increaseinthenumberofchildrenandadultsnewlyini atedonARTrespec vely
whencomparedto2014achievements.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 27
HIV transmission and rapidly expand ART services. With a pping point ra o of 1.1, the
countryisclosetobeingoncoursetoachievinganAIDSfreegenera on.
446 491 516
820
1,057 1,078
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Figure4.9:NumberofARTfacili esinNigeria
Figure 4.9 shows that the number of comprehensive ART Facili es in Nigeria has
increased from 446 sites in 2010 to 1,078 sites in 2015. There was a huge scaling up of
sites between 2012 and 2014; however, this plateaued between 2014 and 2015,
probablyduetothecurrentwindingupofdonorssupporttosomefacili es.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 28
Table 4.3: State ART Profile
In 2015, Delta state had the highest ART coverage for adults and pediatrics at 69.7% and
71% respec vely, while Eki state had the lowest adult ART coverage of 4% and Jigawa
state recorded the lowest paediatric ART coverage of 3.4%. It was observed that ART
coverage was very low in most of the states. In order to achieve the second 90 of UNAIDS
target,thestatesneedtoincreasecounterpartfundingforARTservices.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 29
30
38
48
49
50
55
56
63
63
66
72
73
73
74
74
75
76
76
77
80
81
84
84
86
87
88
88
90
90
92
92
92
92
92
93
96
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Enugu
Delta
Anambra
Plateau
Adamawa
Gombe
Benue
FCT
Kogi
Kebbi
Niger
Kwara
Bauchi
Rivers
Cross Rivers
Zamfara
taraba
Katsina
Lagos
Abia
Nasarawa
Kano
Akwa Ibom
Imo
Borno
Bayelsa
Kaduna
Ogun
Ebonyi
Jigawa
Sokoto
Yobe
Osun
ondo
Oyo
Eki
Figure4.10:Gapsintreatmentcoverage(%)forAdultsbyStates&FCT
Figure4.10showsahugegapintreatmentcoverageforadultsacrossthestates.However,
fourofthestateswereabletoachieveover50%oftheires matedneedsin2015.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 30
Delta
Anambra
Kogi
Plateau
Benue
FCT
Bauchi
Kwara
Adamawa
Lagos
Gombe
Cross Rivers
Abia
Taraba
Rivers
Akwa Ibom
Kebbi
Niger
Nasarawa
Imo
Ebonyi
Katsina
Kaduna
Bayelsa
Osun
ondo
Kano
Borno
Oyo
Ogun
Yobe
Zamfara
Eki
Sokoto
Jigawa
29
44
49
61
63
64
69
71
75
75
76
77
78
82
84
84
85
85
85
85
87
89
91
91
92
92
92
93
94
94
95
95
96
96
97
Figure4:11:GapsinPaediatricsARTCoverage(%)bystatesandFCT.
Figure 4.11 shows that only 13 of the states achieved pediatrics ART coverage above that
oftheFCT(21.4%)
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 31
People placed on treatment have the virus suppresed to undectectable levels
2,214,238 (Target) ??? (achievement)
Number of persons who know their status recieving ART
2,460,264 (Target) 853,992 (achievement)
es mated PLHIV popua on (3.04M)*
2,733,857 (Target) 1,327,282(achievement)
44%
PLHIV KNOW
THEIR STATUS
64% OF PERSONS
WHO KNOW THEIR
STATUS ARE
RECIEVING ART
TREATMENT
??% OF PERSONS
WHO WERE
PLACED ON
TREATMENT HAVE
UNDETECTABLE
RNA LEVELS
90%
PLHIV WHO KNOW
THEIR STATUS
90% OF PERSONS
WHO KNOW THEIR
STATUS PLACED
ON ART
TREATMENT
90% OF PERSONS WHO
WERE PLACED ON
TREATMENT HAVE
UNDETECTABLE RNA
LEVELS
4.290 – 90 – 90 TARGETS
*Es mated PLHIV popula on derived from the spectrum (v5.41) files projec ons for Nigeria in 2015
Figure4.12:90-90-90cascade-NigeriaPerformance
The UNAIDS has set the “90-90-90” target for all countries: to diagnose 90% of all HIV
posi ve people, provide an retroviral for 90% of those diagnosed and achieve
undetectable HIV RNA for 90% of those treated, in every country worldwide by 2020. This
translates to at least 81% of all HIV posi ve people being provided ART and 73% of all HIV
posi ve people achieving undetectable HIV RNA. The data in figure 4.12 shows the
performanceofNigeriainthisregard.Outofthees mated3.04millionpersonslivingwith
the virus, 44% know their status. 64% of persons who know their status are receiving ART
however, the percentage of persons who are placed on ART and have undetectable RNA
levels is yet unknown. For the country to achieve this 90-90-90 target of the UNAIDS,
there is need to create and implement policies geared towards achieving this very
ambi ous objec ve otherwise a aining an HIV free genera on will only be sheer
propaganda..
4.3 ChallengesofARTProgramme
1. WeaklinkagebetweenHIVtes ngandcare
2. InadequatePCRlaboratoriesandinfrastructureforviralloadtes ng.
3. InadequatetrainingandretrainingofHCWsontheuseoftheM&Etools.
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 32
Sec on Five
Recommenda ons
5.1 HIVTes ngServices
Inordertobridgethegapsencounteredduringtheimplementa onoftheHTSprogramin
Nigeria,thereisaneedto:
Ÿ Strengthen coordina on and management of HIV tes ng service delivery at all
levels.
Ÿ Strengthenintegra onofHIVTes ngservicestootherservices
Ÿ Strengthenlinkagesandreferralsystems
Ÿ Strengthen quality assurance system and improve mechanism for distribu on of
testkitsandrelatedcommodi es
5.2 PMTCTProgrammes
Ÿ Integra onofPMTCTtes nginMaternalNewbornandChildHealthWeek
Ÿ Fulladop onof'TestandTreatpolicy'
Ÿ Promo onofMaternalNewbornandChildservicesatPrimaryHealthCareCentres
5.3 ARTProgramme
Ÿ More PCR laboratories should be set up across the country to allow viral load
tes ngatleastonceayearasstatedintheNa onalViralLoadScaleupPlan.
Ÿ Scale up the number of ART sites especially in hard to reach areas to improve
accesstoARTServices
Ÿ StrengthenlinkagesbetweenHIVtes ngandcare
Ÿ The na onal Accelera on Plan for Pediatric HIV Treatment and Care should be
domes catedbytheStates
Ÿ States to take ownership of the ART programme which will improve services at the
facili es.
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 33
SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION
1. Dr. Sunday Aboje Na onal Coordinator NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
2. Dr. Charles Nzelu Head; Strategic Informa on
3. Dr. Abiola Davies HIV/AIDS Specialist
4. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Management
5. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS
Report Wri ng Technical Team
Data Valida on Steering Commi ee
SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION
1. Dr. Greg Ashefor Deputy Director NACA
2. Mr. Aba a Emmanuel Assistant Director
3. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Management
4. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS
5. Akinrogunde Akintomide ACPO NACA
6. Dr. Kenneth Alau RO NACA
6. Samuel Udemezue PO NACA
7. Seyi Iluyomade PO NACA
8. Amara Uche MLS NASCP
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 34
List of Contributors
SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION
1. Dr. Sunday Aboje Na onal Coordinator NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
2. Dr. Charles Nzelu Head; Strategic Informa on
3. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Mgt
4. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS
5. Dr. Abiola Davies HIV Specialist UNICEF
6. Doris Ada Ogbang NSIO UNAIDS
7. Dr. Ilesanmi Oluwafunke NPO WHO
8. Dr. Golden Owhoda SA PC River SMOH
9. Dr. Olubunmi Ayinde SAPC Oyo SMOH
10. Pepertua Amodu-Agbi CSO
11. Alexander Onwuchekwa CSO
12. Dr. Peter Nwokenneya SMO
13. Dr. Adeyinka Daniel MO/Paed ART
14. Semlek .R.N ACA
15. Mayaki Lami CEO
16. Jummai Agabus SSO/Logis cs
17. Gabriel Ikwulono CMLT
18. Dr. Michael Kingsley MO PMTCT
19. Akinmuwagun .P. Adelola SO 1
20. Aiki Sabina Denis SO-HCT
21. Oladipo Olajide PEO NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
NASCP - FMOH
22. Mr. Francis Agbo AD NACA
23. Dr. Adaoha Anosike AD NACA
24. Dr. Kenneth Alau RO NACA
25. Samuel Udemezue PO NACA
26. Mr. Samson Bamidele Consultant
National AIDS and STIs Control Programme
2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 35
2015 Annual Report on Health Sector Response to HIV&AIDS  in Nigeria

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2015 Annual Report on Health Sector Response to HIV&AIDS in Nigeria

  • 1. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme , PEACEH &IT PA RF O& GY RT EI SN SU 2015ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA FEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH
  • 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA i Preface Acknowledgements List of Acronyms Sec on One Introduc on 1.0 Background 1.1 Methodology Sec on Two HIV Tes ng Services 2.0 Background Sec on Three Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV 3.0 Background 3.1 Na onal eMTCT Targets 2015 – 2016 (Na onal eMTCT Plan, 2014) Sec on Four An -Retroviral Therapy 4.0 Background 4.1 Objec ves of the ART Programme 4.2 Challenges of ART Programme Sec on Five Recommenda ons 5.1 HIV Tes ng Services 5.2 PMTCT Programmes 5.3 ART Programme Report Wri ng Technical Team Data Valida on Steering Commi ee List of Contributors iv v vi 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 9 9 9 10 21 21 21 21 32 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 35
  • 3. In 2014, Nigeriamade it a priority to report annually, on the three thema c areas of HIV program: HIV Tes ng Services (HTS), Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV(PMTCT) and An -Retroviral Therapy . This decision was borne out of the need to regularly update all stakeholders on HIV program about the progress and challenges encountered in the Health sector response to HIV. Also, in line with the resolu on of 2004 UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS(UNGASS) , members states were expected to provide annual reports that will show data on the scale up of selected interven ons and progress in overcoming health system barriers to achieving Universal Access. Annually,theNa onalAIDS&STIsControlProgram(NASCP),FederalMinistryofHealthin collabora on with NACA, UNICEF, WHO and UNAIDS produces a report on progress in scaling up the health sector response to HIV & AIDS. The first in the series of annual reportswasproducedintheyear2014. This report covers the health sector response to HIV/AIDS for the year 2015 and some trend analysis. Major sec ons of the report cover the thema c areas: HIV Tes ng services, Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and An -retroviral Therapy(ART). It is my pleasure to present the 2015 annual report on the health sector response to HIV/AIDS in Nigeria, believing that all stakeholders will find this document very useful to theirwork. Na onalCoordinator NASCP-FMOH PREFACE National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA ii Dr. Sunday Aboje
  • 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Na onal AIDS and STI Control Programme of Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) acknowledges the efforts of everyone who contributed to the development of the 2015 AnnualReportonHIV&AIDSHealthSectorResponseinNigeria. We wish to appreciate the partners who provided technical and financial support to the success of the development of this Report in Nigeria, notable among them are UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO and the Na onal Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA). We place on record the support of UNICEF, World Bank (through SACA), Global Fund (through the Na onal Agency for the Control of AIDS -NACA), PEPFAR (through their implemen ng partners, WHO).We equally acknowledge the data valida on steering commi ee for the successofthe2015healthsectordatavalida on. Finally, we are also indebted to implemen ng partners, other organiza ons and state ministries of health that provided relevant data and par cipated in the 4-day report wri ngmee ng.Weappreciateyourimmensecontribu on tothesuccessofthisac vity. The input of the various units in Na onal AIDS and STI Control Programme of Federal We hope that the partnership we have enjoyed through the years will con nue towards the a ainment of an improved HIV/AIDS service delivery, monitoring and evalua on in Nigeria. Dr.CharlesNzelu Na onalAIDS&STIsControlProgramme National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA iii MinistryofHealthisalsohighlyvalued. Deputy Director & Head, Strategic Information Unit
  • 5. AIDS AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome ANC AntenatalClinic ART An -retroviralTherapy ARV An -retroviral CDC CentreforDiseaseControl CTR Counselled,TestedandReceivedResult CTX Cotrimoxazole DNA DeoxyribonucleicAcid EID EarlyInfantDiagnosis eMTCT Elimina onofMothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS FCT FederalCapitalTerritory FMOH FederalMinistryofHealth GARPR GlobalAIDSResponseProgressReport HIV HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus HMIS HealthManagementInforma onSystem HTS HIVTes ngServices IDP InternallyDisplacedPersons INH IsoniazidProphylaxis IPs Implemen ngPartners LGAs LocalGovernmentArea MTCT MothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS NACA Na onalAgencyfortheControlofAIDS NASCP Na onalAIDS&STIsControlProgramme NSP Na onalStrategicPlan NVP Nevirapine OIs Opportunis cInfec ons PCR PolymeraseChainReac on PEPFAR President'sEmergencyPlanforAIDSRelief PLHIV PeopleLivingWithHIV PMTCT Preven onofMothertoChildTransmissionofHIV/AIDS SACA StateAIDSControlAgency SASCP StateAIDS/STIsControlProgramme STIs SexuallyTransmi edInfec ons TB Tuberculosis TBAs Tradi onalBirthA endants UN UnitedNa ons UNAIDS JointUnitedNa onsProgrammeonHIV/AIDS UNGASS UnitedNa onsGeneralAssemblySpecialSession UNICEF UnitedNa onsChildren´sFund USAID UnitedStatesAgencyforInterna onalDevelopment WHO WorldHealthOrganiza on LIST OF ACRONYMS National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA iv
  • 6. Sec on One Introduc on 1.0 Background HIV & AIDS is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. In 2015, it was es mated that 36.7 million people were living with HIV and about 2.1 million new infec ons occurred globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, about 25.6 million people live with HIV, and two-thirds of new HIV infec ons globally occurred in this region.Currently, Nigeria has the second highest burden of HIV/AIDS globally with an es mated 3.0 million PLHIVand190,950newinfec onsin 2015. As part of measures to achieve the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target by 2020 and end AIDS by 2030,newstrategieshavebeenputinplaceglobally.Suchstrategiesincludetestandtreat strategy, index case finding among PLHIV on care, task-shi ing policy, community tes ng, self-tes ng, scale up of viral load tes ng and collabora on with private laboratories for promptlinkagetocare,amongothers. Nigeria,throughtheFederalMinistryofHealthandotherstakeholdershasadoptedsome of these innova ons and has commi ed tremendous resources towards HIV preven on and treatment accessibility to the PLHIV. These efforts have led to reduc on in HIV prevalence among pregnant women a ending antenatal clinic in the country from 4.1% in 2010 to 3.0% in 2014. The decrease in prevalence translates to reduc on in new HIV infec onannually. Tomonitortheeffec venessoftheHIVprogrammeinNigeria,thereisneedtocon nually generate reliable data that can influence policy making and improve the quality of future programming. 1 WHO HIV/AIDS Fact Sheets (updated July, 2016) h p://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/ 2 UNAIDS 90-90-90 target: By 2020, 90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of all people with diagnosed HIVinfec onwillreceivesustainedan retroviraltherapy,and90%ofallpeoplereceiving An retroviraltherapywillhaveviralsuppression. 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 1 1 2
  • 7. 1.1 Methodology 1.1.2 DataValida on Data valida on is a three-stage process that is done bi-annually. The first stage is at state level,thesecondatzonallevelandthethirdatna onallevel. 1. Statelevelvalida onprocess The state level valida on process is coordinated by the State AIDS/STIs Control Programme (SASCP) of the State Ministries of Health. It involves all the implemen ng partners in each of the states HIV/AIDS implemen ng health facili es, State AIDS Control Agency, State HMIS (Health management Informa on System) officers and other relevant stakeholders. The process includes gap analysis on the reported data, data quality assessment,visitstohealthfacili es,statelevelreviewmee ngsanddataharmoniza on. The state level valida on mee ng is a quarterly event that aims at bringing all stakeholders together to review the HIV/AIDS data. The goal of the mee ng is for all state level players to have harmonized, good quality, state HIV/AIDS data. The output of this mee ngfeedsintothezonallevelvalida onmee ng. 2. Zonallevelvalida onprocess This is a bi-annual event coordinated by the Na onal AIDS/STIs Control programme (NASCP) Federal Ministry of Health, and managed by a steering commi ee comprising of NASCP and NACA officers. The commi ee meets regularly and their terms of reference are: Ÿ Constantcommunica onwiththestatelevelplayers Ÿ Interac onwithallrelevantstakeholders Ÿ Resourcemobiliza onforthedatavalida onprocess Ÿ Conveningofthedatavalida onmee ngs Ÿ Data cleaning, harmoniza on and prepara on of the Global AIDS Response ProgressRepor ng(GARPR). Ÿ Prepara onoftheannualHIV/AIDShealthsectorreport. The 2015 data valida on mee ngs were convened in August 2015 and February/March 2016 for the first and second semester reports respec vely. Par cipants at the valida on mee ngs included Federal Ministry of Health, State Ministries of Health, NACA, SACAs, United Na on agencies (UNICEF, WHO, UNAIDS), na onal and state level Implemen ng Partners(Ips). Themee ngsheldinthethreezonesasindicatedbelow: a. North-CentralandSouth-West–Ibadan,OyoState b. South-East andSouth-Southandzones- Enugu,Enugustate c. North-EastandNorth-Westzones–Kaduna,Kadunastate National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 2
  • 8. Thekeyoutputofthemee ngsisthevalidateddatafromthe36statesinNigeriaandFCT. 3. Na onalLevelValida onProcess DataCleaning,Harmoniza onandRepor ng TheNa onalsteeringcommi eehastheresponsibilityofcolla ng,cleaning,harmonizing and finalizing the report. The commi ee met regularly to finalize the 2015 data submi ed by the states. The commi ee also dra ed the 2015 GARP report that was presented to stakeholdersforra fica on. ConsensusBuildingMee ng A one- day consensus building mee ng that involved stakeholders at the na onal level was held to ra fy the 2015 GARP report. Par cipants at the mee ng included NACA, NASCP, UNAIDS, WHO, PEPFAR, CDC and USAID. The GARP report was reviewed at the mee ng and recommenda ons were made to the steering commi ee. All recommenda ons outlined at the consensus mee ng were ar culated into the GARP reportbeforethefinalsubmission. EndorsementsandAuthoriza ons ThereportwasendorsedbytheFederalMinistryofHealth. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 3
  • 9. 2.0 Background HIV Tes ng Services (HTS) refer to the services that are provided together with HIV counselling and tes ng. These include pre and post-test counselling, linkage to appropriate HIV preven on, treatment and care services, collabora on with laboratory services to ensure quality assurance and delivery of correct results. Effec ve HTS remains a gateway to HIV preven on, treatment, care and support services including Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, An retroviral Therapy (ART) and The goal of the program is to make HIV tes ng services available, accessible, and affordable to all Nigerians. This will enable them to know their HIV status and have promptaccesstoappropriatetreatment,careandsupportservices. Thissec onpresentskeyHTSfindings fromthe2015annualdataand previousreportsfor Nigeria. Table 2.1: Number of people CTR disaggregated by age and sex from 2012 to 2015 Number of people CTR (excluding tes ng in PMTCT se ngs) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Males <15 80,268 203,427 397,851 537,574 Females <15 83,536 191,262 375,138 522,218 Females >15 1,429,274 1,923,840 3,148,377 3,610,885 Males >15 1,199,533 1,698,672 2,795,116 3,067,917 Total 2,792,611 4,017,201 6,716,482 7,738,594 Number of people tested posi ve (excluding tes ng in PMTCT se ngs) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Males <15 8,647 10,391 7,258 9,123 Females <15 8,706 9,384 16,241 8,552 Females >15 175,177 139,385 208,176 152,535 Males >15 119,166 108,694 111,866 94,266 Total 311,696 267,854 353,541 264,476 % Posi ve (Posi vity rate) 11.2% 6.7% 5.3% 3.4% Sec on Two HIV Tes ng Services 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 4 ManagementofOpportunis cInfec ons (OIS).
  • 10. Table 2.1 shows an increase of 15% in the total number of people who were counselled, tested and have received result (CTR) and 37% among children from 2014 to 2015. Male and female children's posi vity rate is the same in 2015 (2%) while it is higher among female adults (4%) as compared to male adults (3%). In general, posi vity rate decreased progressively from 11% in 2012 to 3% 2015. In order to harvest more people who are HIV posi ve from the general popula on, there is a need to increase the number of people CTR. Table2.2:HIVtes ngamongcouples,TBpa entsandSTIsclients 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number of couples CTR 32,899 157,429 123,069 82,149 Number of couples with discordant results 3,231 8,838 12,776 7,560 % discordant couples 9.8% 5.6% 10.4% 9.2% Number of TB Pa ents tested Nega ve 18,392 64,674 42,397 41,419 Number of TB Pa ents tested posi ve 16,809 28,631 45,189 26,200 Number of TB Pa ents CTR 35,201 93,305 87,586 67,619 No. of STI clients tested HIV nega ve 13,914 28,376 145,856 236,749 No. of STI clients tested HIV posi ve 37,058 23,344 18,510 20,667 Number of STI Clients CTR 50,972 51,720 164,366 257,416 Table 2.2 shows a decrease in the number of couples tested for HIV from 123,069 in 2014 to 82,149 in 2015, and a decrease in number of discordant couples from 12,776 to 7,560. The percentage of discordancy also reduced from 10.4% to 9.2%. The number of TB pa ents CTR decreased by 23% in 2015 from 2014. Counselling and tes ng among STI clientsincreasedby57%from2014and2015. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 5
  • 11. The chart in Figure 2.1 shows an increase in the number of facili es providing HIV Tes ng services and the number of people CTR between 2014 and 2015. There was an increase in the number of facili es from 8,114 in 2014 to 8,308 in 2015 and a 15% increase in the number of people who were counseled, tested and have received results for both adults and children. The gradual increase in the number of people CTR can be a ributed to the scale-up of HTS facili es in the country which has led to improved accessibility and coverage. Figure 2.1: Number of HTS facili es vs number of people CTR 2,624 7,075 8,114 8,308 2,792,611 4,017,201 6,716,482 7,738,594 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000 7000000 8000000 9000000 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number of HCT Facili es Number of people CTR Figure 2.2: NSP year target vs achievement - 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 2012 2013 2014 2015 2,792,611 4,017,201 6,716,482 7,738,594 311,696 267,854 353,541 264,476 TOTAL NUMBER CTR TOTAL NUMBER TESTED POSITIVE National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 6
  • 12. Figure2.2 showstheannualachievementsofna onalstrategicplan(NSP)targetsforHTS from2012-2015.Therewasaprogressiveincreaseintheannualachievementsofnumber ofpeopleCTRwiththepeakperformanceof74%in2015. Table2.3:2015HIVtes ngandposi vityratebystate STATE PEOPLE TESTED TESTED POSITIVE POSITIVITY RATE Rivers 113,263 8,438 7.4% Taraba 116,351 8,295 7.1% Borno 9,172 566 6.2% Abia 98,347 5,783 5.9% Plateau 56,384 3,253 5.8% Benue 628,886 35,208 5.6% Delta 136,180 7,322 5.4% Nasarawa 295,433 15,000 5.1% Adamawa 140,560 7,087 5.0% Edo 98,297 4,884 5.0% Niger 159,324 7,886 4.9% Yobe 77,758 3,774 4.9% FCT 290,290 13,105 4.5% Akwa Ibom 532,602 23,870 4.5% Anambra 202,705 8,186 4.0% Lagos 372,477 14,729 4.0% Kano 86,430 3,290 3.8% Ogun 130,305 4,951 3.8% Kaduna 76,004 17,491 3.7% Kogi 123,580 3,830 3.1% Katsina 117,716 3,592 3.1% Bayelsa 56,514 1,661 2.9% Kebbi 85,926 2,390 2.8% Eki 88,246 2,358 2.7% Imo 242,352 5,945 2.5% Jigawa 106,738 2,518 2.4% Cross Rivers 421,446 9,555 2.3% Enugu 290,817 6,468 2.2% Ondo 101,881 2,199 2.2% Sokoto 135,399 2,568 1.9% Gombe 196,369 3,617 1.8% Bauchi 217,062 3,820 1.8% Kwara 156,252 2,456 1.6% Oyo 666,900 8,398 1.3% Ebonyi 247,604 2,466 1.0% Osun 318,707 2,991 0.9% Zamfara 126,534 1,168 0.9% National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 7
  • 13. Challenges Some challenges encountered during the implementa on of the HTS program in Nigeria are: Ÿ Inadequate number of sites providing HTS services and inequitable geographical spreadoftheexis ngsites Ÿ InadequatenumberoftrainedserviceprovidersonHTS Ÿ Limitedintegra onofHTSintootherservice Ÿ HIVrapidtestkitswereoutofstockinsomeservicedeliverypoints Ÿ Weakmechanismfordistribu onofreagents Ÿ Weakqualityassurancesysteminthecountryforbothcounsellingandtes ng Table 2.3 shows that about half of the states have HIV posi vity rate higher than na onal (3.4%). It is highest in Rivers and Taraba with 7.4% and 7.1% respec vely and lowest in OsunandZamfarawith0.9%. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 8
  • 14. Sec on Three Preven on of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV 3.0 Background The transmission of HIV from an HIV-posi ve mother to her child during pregnancy, labour, delivery or breas eeding is called mother-to-child transmission. Reports have shown that Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) accounts for over 90% of new HIV infec ons among children. In the absence of any interven on, transmission rate ranges from 15% to 45%. This rate can be reduced to less than 5% with effec ve interven ons during the periods of pregnancy, labour, delivery and breas eeding. The interven ons primarily involve an retroviral treatment for the mother and a short course of an retroviral drugs for the baby. They also include measures to prevent HIV transmission tothebabyduringpregnancy,labour,deliveryandbreas eedingperiod. The new Sustainable Development Goals place heightened emphasis on preven on of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in the context of be er health for mothers and their children. Effec ve PMTCT programmes require women and their infants to have access to a cascade of interven ons including antenatal services, HIV tes ng during pregnancy, use of an retroviral treatment (ART) by pregnant women living with HIV, safe childbirth prac ces and appropriate infant feeding, uptake of infant HIV tes ng and other 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 9 De Cock, K. M., Fowler, M. G., Mercier, E., de Vincenzi, I., Saba, J., Hoff E., Alnwick, D. J., Rogers, M., & Shaffer, N. (2000) ‘Preventon of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: transla ng research into policy and prac ce’ The Journal of the American Medical Associa on 283(9): 1175-1182 2 World Health Organisa on (WHO 2015) ‘Mother-to-child transmission of HIV’ 1 2 1
  • 15. post-natal healthcare services. Though PMTCT aims at the child, it invariably caters for the parents and the en re community who are equally important in achieving low MTCT outcome. ThecomprehensiveapproachtoPMTCTprogrammesincludes: Ÿ Preven ngnewHIVinfec onsamongwomenofchildbearingage Ÿ Preven ngunintendedpregnanciesamongwomenlivingwithHIV Ÿ Preven ngHIVtransmissionfromawomanlivingwithHIVtoherbaby Ÿ Providing appropriate treatment, care and support to mothers living with HIV and theirchildrenandfamilies. 3.1 Na onal eMTCT Targets 2015 – 2016 (Na onal eMTCT Plan, 2014) 1. 50% of adolescents and young people have access to preven on interven ons by 2016 2. 20% ofallHIVposi vewomenhaveaccesstocontracep veby2016 3. 70% of all pregnant women receive quality HIV tes ng and counselling and receive theirresultby2016 4. 70% of all HIV posi ve pregnant women and breas eeding mothers receive ARVs by2016 5. 55%ofallHIV-exposedinfantsreceiveARVprophylaxisby2016 6. 45%ofallHIV-exposedinfantshaveearlyinfantdiagnosisservicesby2016 7. 55%ofallHIV-exposedinfantsreceiveCTX prophylaxisby2016 National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 10 3 Padian NS, McCoy SI, Karim SS, Hasen N, Kim J, Bartos M, Katabira E, Bertozzi SM, Schwartlander B, Cohen MS. (2011) ‘HIV preven on transformed: the new preven on research agenda’ Lancet 378(9787)269-278 4 World Health Organisa on (2010) ‘PMTCT strategic vision 2010-2015: Preven ng mother-to-child transmission of HIV to reach the UNGASS and Millenium Development Goals’ 3 4
  • 16. Table 3.1: Key PMTCT indicators from 2015 Data ** A endance at PMTCT site only during the repor ng period *All the es mated needs are from the Nigeria_2016 spectrum file INDICATORS 2015 Es mated need* 2015 Performance 2015 Coverage (%) Pregnant women a ending first ANC visit ** 6,258,277 2,849,867 45.54% Pregnant women who were tested for HIV and received their results including those with previously known HIV status 6,258,277 2,780,170 44.42% Pregnant women who tested HIV posi ve including previously known posi ve 177,993 75,855 42.61% HIV -infected pregnant women who received an retroviral drugs to reduce the risk of mother - to-child transmission (MTCT) 177,993 53,677 30.16% HIV exposed infants receiving ARV prophylaxis for the PMTCT within first 6 weeks of birth 177,993 27,486 15.44% HIV exposed infants who started CTX prophylaxis within 2 months 177,993 18,263 10.26% HIV exposed infants whose blood samples were taken for DNA PCR test within 2 months of birth 177,993 15,879 8.92% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 675 684 1,320 5,622 6,546 7,265 Figure3.1:PMTCTsitesovertheyears Figure 3.1 shows an increase in the number of PMTCT sites from 2010 – 2015. This indicates that the PMTCT program has grown over the years by scaling up of services to morefacili esespeciallyinthelastfouryears. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 11
  • 17. 907,387 1,036,289 1,181,296 1,706,524 3,067,514 2,780,170 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure3.2:Pregnantwomencounselled,testedandreceivedresults Figure 3.2 shows a progressive increase in the number of pregnant women who received counselling and tes ng from 2010 to 2014 but a slight decline in 2015 was observed. This dropcouldbea ributedtostrikes,scaledownofsitesbyPEPFARandlackoftestkits. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 12
  • 18. ***Kaduna State data under review. 11% 14% 15% 16% 17% 19% 19% 20% 20% 21% 24% 26% 27% 29% 29% 29% 31% 33% 35% 36% 37% 39% 41% 44% 46% 47% 47% 49% 51% 53% 55% 65% 76% 77% 79% 81% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Kogi Kebbi Borno Rivers Yobe Osun Katsina Ogun Bayelsa Eki Sokoto Lagos Jigawa Edo Plateau Ondo Zamfara Abia Kano Delta Bauchi Cross-River Oyo Taraba Adamawa Enugu Anambra Akwa-Ibom Kwara Imo Niger Benue FCT Gombe Nasarawa Ebonyi Figure3.3:Breakdownof2015HTSatPMTCTSitesbyState Figure 3.3 shows the number of pregnant women CTR in 2015. Ebonyi State was able to supersede the 80% coverage target while Nassarawa, Gombe and FCT had over 70% coverage. Seven states were unable to counsel and test up to 20% of pregnant women. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 13
  • 19. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 26,133 37,868 40,465 57,871 63,350 53,677 Figure3.4:PMTCTProphylaxis2010-2015 Figure 3.4 shows a progressive increase in number of HIV posi ve pregnant women placed on ARV to reduce the risk of mother to child transmission from 2010 to 2014. However, a decline of about 10,000 was recorded in 2015 when compared to 2014 achievement. The observed decrease can be a ributed to centres being out of stock of testkits/commodi es,industrialac onandscaledownofsitesbyPEPFAR. Akwa Ibom 5.6 7.5 10.8 Anambra 1.6 3.7 9.7 Bauchi 0.8 1.3 2.3 Bayelsa 1.8 3.4 3.8 Benue 3.6 9.0 15.4 Borno 0.2 1.1 1.1 Cross Rivers 1.9 3.5 6.6 Delta 2.1 3.5 3.6 Ebonyi 0.5 1.1 2.6 Edo 1.3 3.5 4.1 Eki 1.2 2.4 2.9 Enugu 1.2 2.4 4.9 Table 3.2: Posi vity rate and ANC prevalence per State for 2015 State *Posi vity rate % *Program Prevalence % **ANC prevalence % Abia 3.4 6.2 3.9 Adamawa 1.0 1.8 2.5 National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 14
  • 20. FCT 1.7 3.7 5.8 Gombe 0.4 1.2 3.4 Imo 1.1 1.6 7.5 Jigawa 0.3 0.6 1.9 Kaduna 0.7 1.5 2.2 Kano 0.3 0.6 2.2 Katsina 0.5 1.2 1.4 Kebbi 0.5 0.8 1.4 Kogi 1.2 5.5 3.3 Kwara 0.8 1.3 2.3 Lagos 1.6 5.2 4.0 Nasarawa 2.2 3.6 6.3 Niger 1.1 1.9 1.7 Ogun 1.7 3.5 2.9 Ondo 1.1 2.3 1.6 Osun 1.1 1.8 1.6 Oyo 0.8 1.6 1.9 Plateau 1.5 6.3 5.9 Rivers 3.0 4.2 5.8 Sokoto 0.8 1.1 3.0 Taraba 3.2 7.1 5.2 Yobe 0.2 2.3 1.5 Zamfara 0.2 0.3 0.9 Nigeria 1.3 2.7 3.0 ** 2014 ANC survey report * Posi vity rate and Program prevalence are from the 2015 program data Table 3.2 compares the 2014 ANC Sen nel Survey HIV prevalence, program HIV prevalence and posi vity rate of the 2015 na onal program data. There are varia ons in prevalence between program and ANC survey data in some states; this was high in some states while there was harmony in others. Benue and Akwa Ibom had the highest prevalence while Zamfara state had the lowest for both the 2015 program data and 2014 ANCsurvey. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 15
  • 21. - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 # of es mated HIV+ PW # of HIV +ve PW (including previously known +ve) # of +ve PW that received ARVs # of deliveries by HIV +ve PW # of HIE who received 1st dNVP within 2 months # of Infants born to HIV+ PW whose had EID # of EID results received # of HIV EID reults that tested nega ve 177,993 75,855 53,677 25,544 27,486 15,879 14,707 12,504 12.7 18.3 19.4 27.5 29.9 30.2 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure3.6:PMTCTCoverage(%)inNigeria2010-2015 Figures 3.6 shows the progressive rise in ARV prophylaxis coverage based on es mated needs from 2010 to 2015. The absolute number of women who received ARV prophylaxis increased from 57,871 in 2013 to 63,350 in 2014 and declined to 53,677 in 2015. This reduc on could be due to re-programming which led to withdrawal of support to low yieldingPMTCTsites. Figure3.5:2015PMTCTCascade Figure 3.5 shows that 42.6% of the es mated HIV posi ve pregnant women knew their HIV Status in the year 2015. Of these confirmed cases, 70.8 % were placed on ARVs and about 47.6% of them gave birth in the facili es. About 51.2% of babies born to HIV posi ve pregnant women that had PMTCT interven ons received first dose NVP and 29.6% had DNA PCR done within 2 months of birth. Thus, it can be inferred that the EID component of the PMTCT program needs to be strenghtened. The drop out along the PMTCTcascadecouldbeduetoinadequatefollowupintheprogramme. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 16
  • 22. 2 3 3 7 7 8 13 13 15 18 19 19 19 21 21 23 26 27 27 27 32 32 34 36 40 42 44 46 47 51 54 54 63 77 82 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Borno Yobe Sokoto Eki Jigawa Kano Zamfara Kebbi Oyo Osun Katsina Tarabe Ogun Gombe Ondo Kogi Imo Kaduna Ebonyi Bauchi Rivers Bayelsa Nasarawa Lagos Benue Cross-River Kwara Adamawa Niger Plateau Akwa-Ibom FCT Abia Delta Enugu Figure3.7:PMTCTCoverage(%)byState From Figure 3.7, it was observed that about 15 states have PMTCT coverage above that of thena onal(30.2%).ThehighestPMTCTcoveragewasobservedinEnugustate(82%)and thelowestinBornostate(2%).However,acomparisonbetweenfigures3.3and3.7shows that some states had high PMTCT HTS coverage as against their PMTCT ARV prophylaxis coverage. This could have resulted from the weak referral system, linkages and reten on ofHIVposi vepregnantwomen. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 17
  • 23. 16,826 37,179 70,570 49,808 5,443 6,787 20,033 9,514 2012 2013 2014 2015 No. of PW partners with concordant results No. of PW partners with discordant result Figure3.8:Partnerstes ngoutcomeinPMTCT Figure3.8 shows a progressiveincreasein partners' involvement in PMTCT from 2012to 2014 with a slight drop in 2015. This underscores the need for increased awareness for partner'sinvolvementinPMTCT. Prop of -ve preg women that partners tested -ve 79% Prop of -ve preg women that partners tested +ve 3% Prop of +ve preg women that partners tested -ve 13% Prop of +ve preg women that partners tested +ve 5% Figure3.9:StatusofMaleinvolvementin2015 Figure 3.9 shows that about 5% of the partners of HIV positve pregnant women tested posi ve and 13% tested nega ve. About 79% partners of HIV nega ve pregnant women testednega vewhile3%wereposi ve(discordantcouples). National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 18
  • 24. # of new ANC a endees 2,849,867 # of PW tested for Syphilis 389,009 # of PW tested + for syphilis 4,808 treated 2,941 49,551 47,902 46,343 41,008 38,515 39,847 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure3.11:Es matednumberofnewinfec onsamongchildren(0-4yrs)duetoMTCT Figure 3.11 illustrates that there was a general decline from 2010 to 2014 in new HIV infec ons among children . However,there was a slight increase between 2014 and 2015 whichcouldbea ributedtothedecreaseinoverallPMTCTcoverageacrossthecountry. Figure3.10:2015SyphilisCascade Figure 3.9 indicates s that about 13.7% of new ANC a endees were tested for syphilis, of these, 1.2% were posi ve. About 61.2% of the pregnant women who tested posi ve for syphilis were treated. This suggests that there is need to increase awareness of syphilis among pregnant women and government should make provision for more test kits at ANC. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 19
  • 25. CHALLENGES i. Poor infrastructure for the support of laboratory and EID services ii. Inadequate PMTCT trainings for service providers iii. Mul ple pla orms for data repor ng iv. Funding gaps/dwindling counterpart funding v. Poor ownership and coordina on of PMTCT programmes. vi. Staff a ri on vii. Insecurity in some parts of the country viii. Weak demand crea on for PMTCT ix. Socio-cultural factors (e.g TBAs, Religious beliefs) WAY FORWARD i. Training and retraining of health care workers on PMTCT. ii. Improvement in Infrastructure and logis cs iii. Harmoniza on of data repor ng pla orm. iv. Improved ownership and coordina on of PMTCT programmes. v. Provision of PMTCT services in IDP/Refugee camps vi. Improve demand crea on for PMTCT services. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 20
  • 26. Sec on Four An -Retroviral Therapy 4.0Background An retroviral Therapy (ART) is the gold standard for the management of HIV infec on. The Federal Ministry of Health introduced na onal ART programme in 2001 at 25 ter ary hospitals and it targeted 10,000 adults and 5,000 children. However, following the 3 by 5 WHO ini a ve, the target was reviewed to achieve universal access to ART by 2010. Treatment cascade s ll shows important leakages in the number of diagnosed HIV pa ents that were linked to care and the number commenced on ART. Reten on of pa ents in care and viral load tes ng has been a major issue in HIV treatment across the country,eveninfacili eswithgoodHIVtes ngandARTcoverage. In order to a ain the global target of 90-90-90 by 2020, there is need to develop new strategiesacrossthecon nuumofcare.Currently,innova onsandstrategiesliketestand treat, scale up plan for paediatrics ART, task -shi ing, and scale up of viral load tes ng havebeendeployedtowards achievingthistarget. 4.1Objec vesoftheARTProgramme Ÿ At least 80% of eligible adults (women and men) and 80% of children (boys and girls)arereceivingARTbasedonna onalguidelinesby2015 Ÿ At least 80% of PLHIV are receiving quality management for OIs (diagnosis, prophylaxis,andTreatment)by2015 Ÿ All states and local government areas (LGAs) are implemen ng strong TB/HIV collabora veInterven onsby2015 Ÿ All TB pa ents and those suspected to have TB have access to quality and comprehensiveHIVandAIDSservicesby2015 Ÿ All PLWHIV have access to quality TB screening and those suspected to have TB, to receiveTBtreatment 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 21
  • 27. Table4.1:KeyNa onalARTindicators(2010-2015) INDICATORS 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Es mated number of children living with HIV 238,966 241,679 243,743 241,870 239,076 238,504 Percentage of eligible children currently receiving an retroviral therapy (ART) (based on the Na onal Guidelines) 13.96 25.09 21.78 33.49 28.92 21.44 Percentage of children currently receiving an retroviral therapy (ART) (based on treat -all) 8.5 15.2 12.9 19.6 18.4 18.7 Es mated number of adults living with HIV 2,735,418 2,756,830 2,768,382 2,779,800 2,790,282 2,798,860 Es mated number of adults in need based on the Na onal guidelines 1,159,935 1,209,860 1,253,717 1,302,279 1,353,565 2,059,477 Percentage of eligible adults currently receiving an retroviral therapy (ART) (based on the na onal guidelines) 29.2 32.7 36.6 45.5 52.0 39.3 Percentage of adults currently receiving an retroviral therapy (ART) (based on treat all) 12.4 14.3 16.6 21.3 25.2 28.9 Total Number of Adults and Children currently on ART 359,181 432,285 491,021 639,397 747,382 853,992 Total number of new infec ons 237,895 230,569 222,341 208,846 198,454 190,950 Percentage of es mated HIV posi ve incident TB cases that received treatment for TB and HIV 9.3 19.6 9.2 9.2 12.2 ?? Number of persons enrolled for HIV care who were placed on INH prophylaxis 1,750 969 2,257 7,973 22,899 40,885 Number of persons enrolled for HIV care who ini ated CTX prophylaxis - (Children 0 -14 years) naNA naNA 10,171 33,946 24,909 28,284 Number of persons on ART who are lost to follow 25886 8073 63589 75651 Number of ART pa ents known to have died during the repor ng period 6710 8732 10949 11321 National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 22
  • 28. 20,401 36,716 31,556 47,313 44,024 44,688 338,780 395,569 459,465 592,084 703,358 809,304 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Currently on Treatment -Children (0 -14 yrs) Currently on Treatment - Adults (15 yrs + ) Figure4.1Es matedNumberofPersonsLivingWithHIV The chart in Figure 4.1 shows the es mated number of people living with HIV in Nigeria disaggregated by age. In 2015, an es mated 3 million people were living with HIV in Nigeria.Foradults,asustainedincreasingtrendwasobservedoverthepastfiveyears. Figure4.2:NumberofAdultsandChildrencurrentlyontreatmentfrom2010-2015 Figure 4.2 shows that about 854,000 PLHIV (809,304 adults and 44,688 children) are on treatment as at the end of 2015. This accounts for about 28.1% coverage (18.7% adults and 28.9% children) of the es mated children and adults living with HIV and translates into a gap of about 193,816 and 1,989,556 for children and adults respec vely. The increasingtrendobservedinthepercentageofARTcoveragefrom12.1to28.1%between 2010 and 2015 may be a ributed to the scaling-up of ART centres. The ART services are availableinsecondary,ter ary,andafewprimaryhealthfacili esacrossthe36statesand FCT. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 23
  • 29. 238,966 241,679 243,743 241,870 239,076 238,504 146,177 146,338 144,882 141,268 152,205 208,453 61.2 60.6 59.4 58.4 63.7 87.4 8.5 15.2 12.9 19.6 18.4 18.7 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 - 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Es mated number of children living with HIV Es mated number of children in need of ART by Nat. Guideline Percentage of children in need of ARTby Nat Guideline Percentage currently on treatment - Children (0 - 14 yrs) Figure4.3:TreatmentCoverageforchildren Figure 4.3 shows ART treatment coverage for children aged 0-14yrs. It compares, across the years, the percentage of children eligible for treatment and who are currently on treatment and those who are eligible for treatment but not receiving treatment. This is based on the na onal guideline using the es mated popula on of HIV posi ve children. There is a huge gap in ART coverage across the years under review, with about 68.7% gap asat2015. Between2010and2012,therewasasteadyincreaseinthenumberofchildrenlivingwith HIV from 234,966 to 243,743. This was followed by a declining trend which reached 238,504 in 2015. The number of under-5 children living with HIV dropped by 41.8% between2010and2015. ThispartlycouldbeasaresultofincreasedcoverageofPMTCT. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 24
  • 30. 81% 19% Percentage of Es mated number of children (0 -14 yrs) living with HIV not on ART Percentage of children (0 -14 yrs) living with HIV on ART 2,735,418 2,756,830 2,768,382 2,779,800 2,790,282 2,798,860 1,159,935 1,209,860 1,253,717 1,302,279 1,353,565 2,059,477 42 44 45 47 49 74 29 33 37 45 52 39 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 - 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Es mated number of adults living with HIV Es mated number of adults in need of ART by Nat Guideline Percentage of adults in need of ART by Nat Guideline Percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment. Figure 4.4: Propor on of Es mated Number of Children Living with HIV/AIDS on Treatment The ART coverage among treatment eligible HIV posi ve children using the na onal guideline as at 2015 is 21%. However, with the “Test and treat all” strategy, only about 19%ofthees matedpopula onofHIVposi vechildrenaccessedtreatment. Figure 4.5: Treatment coverage for adults National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 25
  • 31. The chart in Figure 4.5 shows ART treatment coverage for Adults. It compares across the years, the percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment and those who are in need of treatment based on the na onal guideline. There was a sharp increase in the percentage of adults in need of ART (by na onal guideline) between 2014 and 2015 due to change of WHO eligibility criteria for treatment from 350 to 500 cells/mm3. The percentage of eligible adults currently on treatment progressively increased ll 2014, when it declined sharply due to increase in number of people in need of treatment in 2015. 71% 29% Percentage of es mated number of adults (15 years +) living with HIV not on ART Percentage of adults (15 years +) living with HIV currently on Treatment. Figure 4.6: Propor on of Es mated Number of Adults Living with HIV/AIDS who are on Treatment The ART coverage among HIV posi ve adults who are eligible for treatment was about 39%. However, with “test and treat all”, only 29% of the es mated popula on of HIV posi veadultsaccessedtreatmentintheyear2015. Table4.2:NumberofpersonscurrentlyonART(disaggregatedbysexandregimen) AGE SEX 2012 2013 2014 2015 1st Line 2nd Line 3rd line 1st Line 2nd Line 3rd Line 1st Line 2nd Line 3rd Line 1st Line 2nd Line 3rd Line Children (0 -14 yrs) Male 13,061 757 7 20,768 570 3 20,038 1,058 20 21,507 853 2 Female 16,897 827 6 23,436 2,528 8 22,076 824 8 21,787 537 2 Adults (15 yrs +) Male 131,150 5,622 8 184,773 7,019 154 197,671 7,403 50 233,413 6,892 22 Female 309,916 12,756 14 387,338 12,714 86 483,129 15,056 49 555,366 13,569 42 National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 26
  • 32. - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number of persons newly started on ART (children) 6,457 6,421 8,309 7,998 9,435 10,985 Number of persons newly started on ART (adults) 102,769 113,468 94,302 140,030 135,618 160,428 Total number of persons newly started on ART 109,226 119,889 102,611 148,028 145,053 171,413 Figure 4.8: Tipping Point 190,950 es mated new cases 171,413 newly placed on treatment ThenumberofnewHIVinfec onswascomparedwiththenumberofnewpa entsonART for the year 2015 as highlighted by the “ pping point” in Figure 4.8. Nigeria's AIDS epidemic is yet to reach a safe pping point as the ra o of 2015 new HIV infec ons to new pa ents on treatment is s ll above 1.0. Sustained efforts are required to further reduce Figure4.7:NumberofAdultsandChildrennewlystartedART The number of persons newly started on ART increased in a step ladder pa ern from 109,226 in 2010 to 171,413 in 2015 as shown in Figure 4.7. In 2015, there was about 16% and18%increaseinthenumberofchildrenandadultsnewlyini atedonARTrespec vely whencomparedto2014achievements. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 27
  • 33. HIV transmission and rapidly expand ART services. With a pping point ra o of 1.1, the countryisclosetobeingoncoursetoachievinganAIDSfreegenera on. 446 491 516 820 1,057 1,078 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure4.9:NumberofARTfacili esinNigeria Figure 4.9 shows that the number of comprehensive ART Facili es in Nigeria has increased from 446 sites in 2010 to 1,078 sites in 2015. There was a huge scaling up of sites between 2012 and 2014; however, this plateaued between 2014 and 2015, probablyduetothecurrentwindingupofdonorssupporttosomefacili es. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 28
  • 34. Table 4.3: State ART Profile In 2015, Delta state had the highest ART coverage for adults and pediatrics at 69.7% and 71% respec vely, while Eki state had the lowest adult ART coverage of 4% and Jigawa state recorded the lowest paediatric ART coverage of 3.4%. It was observed that ART coverage was very low in most of the states. In order to achieve the second 90 of UNAIDS target,thestatesneedtoincreasecounterpartfundingforARTservices. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 29
  • 35. 30 38 48 49 50 55 56 63 63 66 72 73 73 74 74 75 76 76 77 80 81 84 84 86 87 88 88 90 90 92 92 92 92 92 93 96 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Enugu Delta Anambra Plateau Adamawa Gombe Benue FCT Kogi Kebbi Niger Kwara Bauchi Rivers Cross Rivers Zamfara taraba Katsina Lagos Abia Nasarawa Kano Akwa Ibom Imo Borno Bayelsa Kaduna Ogun Ebonyi Jigawa Sokoto Yobe Osun ondo Oyo Eki Figure4.10:Gapsintreatmentcoverage(%)forAdultsbyStates&FCT Figure4.10showsahugegapintreatmentcoverageforadultsacrossthestates.However, fourofthestateswereabletoachieveover50%oftheires matedneedsin2015. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 30
  • 37. People placed on treatment have the virus suppresed to undectectable levels 2,214,238 (Target) ??? (achievement) Number of persons who know their status recieving ART 2,460,264 (Target) 853,992 (achievement) es mated PLHIV popua on (3.04M)* 2,733,857 (Target) 1,327,282(achievement) 44% PLHIV KNOW THEIR STATUS 64% OF PERSONS WHO KNOW THEIR STATUS ARE RECIEVING ART TREATMENT ??% OF PERSONS WHO WERE PLACED ON TREATMENT HAVE UNDETECTABLE RNA LEVELS 90% PLHIV WHO KNOW THEIR STATUS 90% OF PERSONS WHO KNOW THEIR STATUS PLACED ON ART TREATMENT 90% OF PERSONS WHO WERE PLACED ON TREATMENT HAVE UNDETECTABLE RNA LEVELS 4.290 – 90 – 90 TARGETS *Es mated PLHIV popula on derived from the spectrum (v5.41) files projec ons for Nigeria in 2015 Figure4.12:90-90-90cascade-NigeriaPerformance The UNAIDS has set the “90-90-90” target for all countries: to diagnose 90% of all HIV posi ve people, provide an retroviral for 90% of those diagnosed and achieve undetectable HIV RNA for 90% of those treated, in every country worldwide by 2020. This translates to at least 81% of all HIV posi ve people being provided ART and 73% of all HIV posi ve people achieving undetectable HIV RNA. The data in figure 4.12 shows the performanceofNigeriainthisregard.Outofthees mated3.04millionpersonslivingwith the virus, 44% know their status. 64% of persons who know their status are receiving ART however, the percentage of persons who are placed on ART and have undetectable RNA levels is yet unknown. For the country to achieve this 90-90-90 target of the UNAIDS, there is need to create and implement policies geared towards achieving this very ambi ous objec ve otherwise a aining an HIV free genera on will only be sheer propaganda.. 4.3 ChallengesofARTProgramme 1. WeaklinkagebetweenHIVtes ngandcare 2. InadequatePCRlaboratoriesandinfrastructureforviralloadtes ng. 3. InadequatetrainingandretrainingofHCWsontheuseoftheM&Etools. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 32
  • 38. Sec on Five Recommenda ons 5.1 HIVTes ngServices Inordertobridgethegapsencounteredduringtheimplementa onoftheHTSprogramin Nigeria,thereisaneedto: Ÿ Strengthen coordina on and management of HIV tes ng service delivery at all levels. Ÿ Strengthenintegra onofHIVTes ngservicestootherservices Ÿ Strengthenlinkagesandreferralsystems Ÿ Strengthen quality assurance system and improve mechanism for distribu on of testkitsandrelatedcommodi es 5.2 PMTCTProgrammes Ÿ Integra onofPMTCTtes nginMaternalNewbornandChildHealthWeek Ÿ Fulladop onof'TestandTreatpolicy' Ÿ Promo onofMaternalNewbornandChildservicesatPrimaryHealthCareCentres 5.3 ARTProgramme Ÿ More PCR laboratories should be set up across the country to allow viral load tes ngatleastonceayearasstatedintheNa onalViralLoadScaleupPlan. Ÿ Scale up the number of ART sites especially in hard to reach areas to improve accesstoARTServices Ÿ StrengthenlinkagesbetweenHIVtes ngandcare Ÿ The na onal Accelera on Plan for Pediatric HIV Treatment and Care should be domes catedbytheStates Ÿ States to take ownership of the ART programme which will improve services at the facili es. 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 33
  • 39. SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION 1. Dr. Sunday Aboje Na onal Coordinator NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH 2. Dr. Charles Nzelu Head; Strategic Informa on 3. Dr. Abiola Davies HIV/AIDS Specialist 4. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Management 5. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS Report Wri ng Technical Team Data Valida on Steering Commi ee SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION 1. Dr. Greg Ashefor Deputy Director NACA 2. Mr. Aba a Emmanuel Assistant Director 3. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Management 4. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS 5. Akinrogunde Akintomide ACPO NACA 6. Dr. Kenneth Alau RO NACA 6. Samuel Udemezue PO NACA 7. Seyi Iluyomade PO NACA 8. Amara Uche MLS NASCP National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 34
  • 40. List of Contributors SN NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION 1. Dr. Sunday Aboje Na onal Coordinator NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH 2. Dr. Charles Nzelu Head; Strategic Informa on 3. Morka Mercy Chinenye Focal Person; Data Mgt 4. Dr.Bodunde Onifade FP/ARTMIS 5. Dr. Abiola Davies HIV Specialist UNICEF 6. Doris Ada Ogbang NSIO UNAIDS 7. Dr. Ilesanmi Oluwafunke NPO WHO 8. Dr. Golden Owhoda SA PC River SMOH 9. Dr. Olubunmi Ayinde SAPC Oyo SMOH 10. Pepertua Amodu-Agbi CSO 11. Alexander Onwuchekwa CSO 12. Dr. Peter Nwokenneya SMO 13. Dr. Adeyinka Daniel MO/Paed ART 14. Semlek .R.N ACA 15. Mayaki Lami CEO 16. Jummai Agabus SSO/Logis cs 17. Gabriel Ikwulono CMLT 18. Dr. Michael Kingsley MO PMTCT 19. Akinmuwagun .P. Adelola SO 1 20. Aiki Sabina Denis SO-HCT 21. Oladipo Olajide PEO NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH NASCP - FMOH 22. Mr. Francis Agbo AD NACA 23. Dr. Adaoha Anosike AD NACA 24. Dr. Kenneth Alau RO NACA 25. Samuel Udemezue PO NACA 26. Mr. Samson Bamidele Consultant National AIDS and STIs Control Programme 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS HEALTH SECTOR RESPONSE IN NIGERIA 35