This document outlines the curriculum for Class XII chemistry in India. It includes 16 units covering topics in solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, and organic and inorganic chemistry. There are 160 periods for theory and 60 for practical work. The theory exam is 3 hours long and worth 70 marks. Practical exams evaluate volumetric analysis, salt analysis, experiments and project work out of 30 total marks. Key areas covered include chemical bonding, stoichiometry, equilibrium, redox reactions, organic compounds and biomolecules. The curriculum aims to develop students' understanding of fundamental chemical concepts through both classroom and hands-on laboratory instruction.
This document provides details about the syllabus and exam structure for Class XII Chemistry in the academic year 2014-2015. It is divided into 16 units covering topics in inorganic, organic, physical and analytical chemistry. The theory exam will be of 70 marks with 3 hours duration. Practical exams will involve 30 marks for experiments covering surface chemistry, chemical kinetics, thermochemistry, electrochemistry, chromatography, preparation of compounds and qualitative analysis. The document also provides a sample question paper format dividing the questions into different cognitive levels and typologies.
CBSE Deleted Syllabus Class 11, 12 Chemistry 2020-21Anand Meena
The document discusses proposed reductions to the CBSE Board syllabus for Chemistry for classes 11 and 12.
For class 11, some topics proposed for reduction include laws of chemical combination under basic concepts, classification of elements and periodicity in properties, states of matter, and chemical thermodynamics. For the practical portion, experiments involving pH determination and chemical equilibrium are proposed to be reduced.
For class 12, some topics proposed for reduction include electrical and magnetic properties in solids, abnormal molecular mass in solutions, lead accumulator and dry cells in electrochemistry, and collision theory in chemical kinetics. Portions of several other units are also proposed for reduction, and some practical experiments are proposed to be removed.
Práctica 4 reacciones típicas de química orgánicaJessFlores87
This document provides instructions for a virtual laboratory simulation. It explains that users can select different buttons and interactive elements throughout the virtual lab to access theoretical background information, laboratory materials and reagents, and to perform simulated experiments. The document provides examples of interactive elements that can be clicked, such as books to access theoretical bases, drawers to view laboratory instruments, and flasks to see reagents. It also explains that all rooms in the virtual lab contain a button to return to the main room and buttons to move forward or backward within the content. The goal is for users to feel like they are conducting a real laboratory experiment by navigating between the different sections and interactive elements.
This document provides details about the syllabus and exam structure for Class XII Chemistry in the academic year 2014-2015. It is divided into 16 units covering topics in inorganic, organic, physical and analytical chemistry. The theory exam will be of 70 marks with 3 hours duration. Practical exams will involve 30 marks for experiments covering surface chemistry, chemical kinetics, thermochemistry, electrochemistry, chromatography, preparation of compounds and qualitative analysis. The document also provides a sample question paper format dividing the questions into different cognitive levels and typologies.
CBSE Deleted Syllabus Class 11, 12 Chemistry 2020-21Anand Meena
The document discusses proposed reductions to the CBSE Board syllabus for Chemistry for classes 11 and 12.
For class 11, some topics proposed for reduction include laws of chemical combination under basic concepts, classification of elements and periodicity in properties, states of matter, and chemical thermodynamics. For the practical portion, experiments involving pH determination and chemical equilibrium are proposed to be reduced.
For class 12, some topics proposed for reduction include electrical and magnetic properties in solids, abnormal molecular mass in solutions, lead accumulator and dry cells in electrochemistry, and collision theory in chemical kinetics. Portions of several other units are also proposed for reduction, and some practical experiments are proposed to be removed.
Práctica 4 reacciones típicas de química orgánicaJessFlores87
This document provides instructions for a virtual laboratory simulation. It explains that users can select different buttons and interactive elements throughout the virtual lab to access theoretical background information, laboratory materials and reagents, and to perform simulated experiments. The document provides examples of interactive elements that can be clicked, such as books to access theoretical bases, drawers to view laboratory instruments, and flasks to see reagents. It also explains that all rooms in the virtual lab contain a button to return to the main room and buttons to move forward or backward within the content. The goal is for users to feel like they are conducting a real laboratory experiment by navigating between the different sections and interactive elements.
This document outlines the syllabus for chemistry for class 11 in India. It includes:
1. The topics to be covered in terms 1 and 2, such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, redox reactions, and organic chemistry.
2. The number of periods and marks allocated for each topic.
3. Details of the practical exams to be conducted each term, involving volumetric analysis, salt analysis, and other experiments.
4. Guidelines for evaluating visually handicapped students in practical exams by rationalizing the syllabus.
This document provides an introduction to inorganic chemical functions and nomenclature according to IUPAC recommendations. It defines simple and compound substances, chemical elements and their symbols. It also discusses oxidation numbers, chemical formulas, IUPAC nomenclature systems, and provides examples of determining oxidation numbers and naming ionic compounds. The document aims to standardize the criteria used for writing and naming chemical formulas according to IUPAC guidelines.
The document outlines the syllabus for Paper III of the B.Sc. Chemistry program at Dr. B.R. AMBEDKAR University. The syllabus covers inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry over 3 units and 90 hours. Some of the main topics included are coordination chemistry, spectral properties of metal complexes, nitrogen compounds, carbohydrates, chemical kinetics, and photochemistry.
The document outlines the syllabus for Class XII (Theory) chemistry. It includes 16 units covering topics such as solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, p-block elements, d-block elements, coordination compounds, organic compounds and biomolecules. The units range from 3-14 periods. Unit I covers classification of solids and unit cell structure. Unit II discusses types of solutions and colligative properties. Unit III describes redox reactions, electrochemistry concepts and corrosion.
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of new macrocyclic complex compounds containing nickel(II), copper(II), and iron(II) coordinated with a ligand containing a tetraoxotetrahydrazin moiety. The complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, UV-visible and IR spectroscopy, and magnetic moment measurements. The complexes were then tested for antibacterial activity against 14 pathogenic bacteria and compared to a standard antibiotic. The results indicate that the new complexes show potential as antimicrobial agents.
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of video lectures).
Chapter 20 carboxylic acids and functional derivativesHashim Ali
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of videos lectures).
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCfCZszhGHBdVLuL1Mxo58BGDad1EtDtx
This document provides an introduction to organic chemistry. It discusses the history and development of organic chemistry as a science. The key points are:
1) Organic chemistry originated from the idea that organic materials possessed a "vital force" that distinguished them from inorganic materials.
2) Organic compounds are defined as compounds that contain carbon. Carbon atoms can form stable bonds to many other elements and a vast number of complex organic compounds.
3) The complexity of carbon-containing compounds allows for biologically important molecules like DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. Organic chemistry is important for food, medicine, fuels and other industrial products.
This document describes research into the inner-sphere and outer-sphere reduction of uranyl supported by a redox-active dipyrrin ligand. A new uranyl(VI) chloride complex (2) was synthesized and its structure determined. Complex 2 undergoes either inner-sphere reduction by [TiCp2Cl]2, forming a U(IV) complex (3), or outer-sphere reduction by CoCp2, initially reducing the ligand before further reducing U(VI) to U(V). The involvement of the redox-active ligand allows access to U(VI), U(V) and U(IV) complexes through these reduction pathways.
This document summarizes a session on carboxylic acid derivatives, specifically aldehydes and ketones. It discusses the structure, nomenclature, properties, and reactivity of these compounds. Key points include that aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance, and that substituents can affect the acidity and reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives. The document provides examples to illustrate concepts discussed.
Inorganic chemistry covers topics like atomic structure, molecular bonding, symmetry, transition metal compounds, acids and bases, solids, liquids, solutions, clusters, rare earths, chalcogenides, biological catalysis, ceramics, spectroscopy, material science, photoconductors, and crystallography. It also includes areas like organometallics, carboranes, C-chemistry, and physical chemistry concepts that are relevant to inorganic systems. The document discusses how inorganic chemistry incorporates a wide range of interdisciplinary topics that cannot be strictly categorized.
The document provides information about the syllabus for Higher Secondary - First Year Chemistry. It outlines the topics that will be covered in Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. Some of the key topics included are chemical calculations, atomic structure, chemical bonding, colligative properties, thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. It also lists the practical experiments students will complete, including preparation of compounds, cation and anion identification, and acidimetry and alkalimetry titrations.
The document discusses organic chemistry and organic molecules. It defines organic molecules as those containing carbon and notes that all living things contain organic compounds. It describes the unique bonding properties of carbon that allow it to form many complex structures found in organic compounds. Finally, it discusses several classes of organic compounds like hydrocarbons, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and their properties and reactions.
Organic chemistry deals with carbon-containing compounds called organic molecules. Carbon atoms can bond to many other atoms, often forming long chain structures. Organic compounds can be represented using molecular formulas or structural formulas. They contain functional groups that give them certain chemical properties and can be classified based on these groups. Organic reactions include addition, elimination, and substitution. Polymers are large molecules formed by combining repeating structural units (monomers) and include both natural and synthetic varieties.
The document discusses organic macromolecules and polymers. It explains that polymers are made of monomers joined by covalent bonds, and can be natural or synthetic. The two main types of polymerization reactions are addition and condensation. The properties of polymers, such as strength and melting point, depend on the types of bonds between chains. Common synthetic polymers include plastics such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene. Biological macromolecules like carbohydrates and proteins are also discussed.
The document discusses organic compounds and their properties. It defines organic compounds as those containing carbon and highlights that carbon can bond with many other elements. It also distinguishes between organic and inorganic compounds, monomer and polymers, and provides examples of element, compounds and mixtures. The document encourages reflecting on what was learned about organic compounds using a KWL chart.
(19) session 19 halo-alkanes, ethers & amines (1)Nixon Hamutumwa
1. The document summarizes key topics in organic chemistry including haloalkanes, ethers, and amines. It describes their structures, naming conventions, properties, and important applications.
2. Haloalkanes are halogen-substituted organic compounds that are important industrially and found in nature. Their reactivity decreases down the halogen group. Ethers have an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon groups and have higher boiling points than alkanes due to dipole-dipole interactions.
3. Amines have a nitrogen atom bonded to carbon or hydrogen groups. They can form hydrogen bonds and act as weak bases. Primary and secondary amines tend to have higher boiling points than tertiary amin
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of video lectures).
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCfCZszhGHBc2efgTjLq0PmAkTiE6P0Ws
This document outlines the syllabus for a chemistry course. It covers 16 units that include topics such as solid state chemistry, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, isolation of elements, p-block elements, d- and f-block elements, coordination compounds, organic compounds, biomolecules, and polymers. The course will conclude with a unit on chemicals used in everyday life such as medicines, food, and cleaning agents. Students will take one exam consisting of 25 compulsory questions to assess their understanding of the material covered over the semester.
1. The document outlines the revised syllabus for Class XII Chemistry for the 2020-21 session.
2. It describes 14 units that will be covered including topics on solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, p-block elements, d-block elements, coordination compounds, haloalkanes and haloarenes, alcohols/phenols/ethers, aldehydes/ketones/carboxylic acids, organic compounds containing nitrogen, and biomolecules.
3. Key concepts from each unit are highlighted such as classification of solids, colligative properties of solutions, redox reactions and EMF of cells in electrochemistry, rate laws and
This document provides the rationale, objectives, course structure, and content details for the Chemistry curriculum for senior secondary students in India. It aims to equip students with conceptual knowledge of chemistry to pursue further academic or professional studies. The revised curriculum emphasizes fundamental concepts, applications, and emerging areas of chemistry. It removes repetitive content and incorporates new scientific terms, symbols and formulations. The course is divided into 14 units covering topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, equilibrium, redox reactions, s-block and p-block elements, and organic chemistry. It concludes with the unit-wise breakdown of the syllabus and marks allocation.
This document outlines the syllabus for chemistry for class 11 in India. It includes:
1. The topics to be covered in terms 1 and 2, such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, redox reactions, and organic chemistry.
2. The number of periods and marks allocated for each topic.
3. Details of the practical exams to be conducted each term, involving volumetric analysis, salt analysis, and other experiments.
4. Guidelines for evaluating visually handicapped students in practical exams by rationalizing the syllabus.
This document provides an introduction to inorganic chemical functions and nomenclature according to IUPAC recommendations. It defines simple and compound substances, chemical elements and their symbols. It also discusses oxidation numbers, chemical formulas, IUPAC nomenclature systems, and provides examples of determining oxidation numbers and naming ionic compounds. The document aims to standardize the criteria used for writing and naming chemical formulas according to IUPAC guidelines.
The document outlines the syllabus for Paper III of the B.Sc. Chemistry program at Dr. B.R. AMBEDKAR University. The syllabus covers inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry over 3 units and 90 hours. Some of the main topics included are coordination chemistry, spectral properties of metal complexes, nitrogen compounds, carbohydrates, chemical kinetics, and photochemistry.
The document outlines the syllabus for Class XII (Theory) chemistry. It includes 16 units covering topics such as solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, p-block elements, d-block elements, coordination compounds, organic compounds and biomolecules. The units range from 3-14 periods. Unit I covers classification of solids and unit cell structure. Unit II discusses types of solutions and colligative properties. Unit III describes redox reactions, electrochemistry concepts and corrosion.
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of new macrocyclic complex compounds containing nickel(II), copper(II), and iron(II) coordinated with a ligand containing a tetraoxotetrahydrazin moiety. The complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, UV-visible and IR spectroscopy, and magnetic moment measurements. The complexes were then tested for antibacterial activity against 14 pathogenic bacteria and compared to a standard antibiotic. The results indicate that the new complexes show potential as antimicrobial agents.
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of video lectures).
Chapter 20 carboxylic acids and functional derivativesHashim Ali
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of videos lectures).
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCfCZszhGHBdVLuL1Mxo58BGDad1EtDtx
This document provides an introduction to organic chemistry. It discusses the history and development of organic chemistry as a science. The key points are:
1) Organic chemistry originated from the idea that organic materials possessed a "vital force" that distinguished them from inorganic materials.
2) Organic compounds are defined as compounds that contain carbon. Carbon atoms can form stable bonds to many other elements and a vast number of complex organic compounds.
3) The complexity of carbon-containing compounds allows for biologically important molecules like DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. Organic chemistry is important for food, medicine, fuels and other industrial products.
This document describes research into the inner-sphere and outer-sphere reduction of uranyl supported by a redox-active dipyrrin ligand. A new uranyl(VI) chloride complex (2) was synthesized and its structure determined. Complex 2 undergoes either inner-sphere reduction by [TiCp2Cl]2, forming a U(IV) complex (3), or outer-sphere reduction by CoCp2, initially reducing the ligand before further reducing U(VI) to U(V). The involvement of the redox-active ligand allows access to U(VI), U(V) and U(IV) complexes through these reduction pathways.
This document summarizes a session on carboxylic acid derivatives, specifically aldehydes and ketones. It discusses the structure, nomenclature, properties, and reactivity of these compounds. Key points include that aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance, and that substituents can affect the acidity and reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives. The document provides examples to illustrate concepts discussed.
Inorganic chemistry covers topics like atomic structure, molecular bonding, symmetry, transition metal compounds, acids and bases, solids, liquids, solutions, clusters, rare earths, chalcogenides, biological catalysis, ceramics, spectroscopy, material science, photoconductors, and crystallography. It also includes areas like organometallics, carboranes, C-chemistry, and physical chemistry concepts that are relevant to inorganic systems. The document discusses how inorganic chemistry incorporates a wide range of interdisciplinary topics that cannot be strictly categorized.
The document provides information about the syllabus for Higher Secondary - First Year Chemistry. It outlines the topics that will be covered in Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. Some of the key topics included are chemical calculations, atomic structure, chemical bonding, colligative properties, thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. It also lists the practical experiments students will complete, including preparation of compounds, cation and anion identification, and acidimetry and alkalimetry titrations.
The document discusses organic chemistry and organic molecules. It defines organic molecules as those containing carbon and notes that all living things contain organic compounds. It describes the unique bonding properties of carbon that allow it to form many complex structures found in organic compounds. Finally, it discusses several classes of organic compounds like hydrocarbons, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and their properties and reactions.
Organic chemistry deals with carbon-containing compounds called organic molecules. Carbon atoms can bond to many other atoms, often forming long chain structures. Organic compounds can be represented using molecular formulas or structural formulas. They contain functional groups that give them certain chemical properties and can be classified based on these groups. Organic reactions include addition, elimination, and substitution. Polymers are large molecules formed by combining repeating structural units (monomers) and include both natural and synthetic varieties.
The document discusses organic macromolecules and polymers. It explains that polymers are made of monomers joined by covalent bonds, and can be natural or synthetic. The two main types of polymerization reactions are addition and condensation. The properties of polymers, such as strength and melting point, depend on the types of bonds between chains. Common synthetic polymers include plastics such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene. Biological macromolecules like carbohydrates and proteins are also discussed.
The document discusses organic compounds and their properties. It defines organic compounds as those containing carbon and highlights that carbon can bond with many other elements. It also distinguishes between organic and inorganic compounds, monomer and polymers, and provides examples of element, compounds and mixtures. The document encourages reflecting on what was learned about organic compounds using a KWL chart.
(19) session 19 halo-alkanes, ethers & amines (1)Nixon Hamutumwa
1. The document summarizes key topics in organic chemistry including haloalkanes, ethers, and amines. It describes their structures, naming conventions, properties, and important applications.
2. Haloalkanes are halogen-substituted organic compounds that are important industrially and found in nature. Their reactivity decreases down the halogen group. Ethers have an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon groups and have higher boiling points than alkanes due to dipole-dipole interactions.
3. Amines have a nitrogen atom bonded to carbon or hydrogen groups. They can form hydrogen bonds and act as weak bases. Primary and secondary amines tend to have higher boiling points than tertiary amin
HSSC Second year Chemistry course slides for Federal Board Pakistan, lectures by Dr. Raja Hashim Ali (also available on Youtube as a series of video lectures).
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCfCZszhGHBc2efgTjLq0PmAkTiE6P0Ws
This document outlines the syllabus for a chemistry course. It covers 16 units that include topics such as solid state chemistry, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, isolation of elements, p-block elements, d- and f-block elements, coordination compounds, organic compounds, biomolecules, and polymers. The course will conclude with a unit on chemicals used in everyday life such as medicines, food, and cleaning agents. Students will take one exam consisting of 25 compulsory questions to assess their understanding of the material covered over the semester.
1. The document outlines the revised syllabus for Class XII Chemistry for the 2020-21 session.
2. It describes 14 units that will be covered including topics on solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, p-block elements, d-block elements, coordination compounds, haloalkanes and haloarenes, alcohols/phenols/ethers, aldehydes/ketones/carboxylic acids, organic compounds containing nitrogen, and biomolecules.
3. Key concepts from each unit are highlighted such as classification of solids, colligative properties of solutions, redox reactions and EMF of cells in electrochemistry, rate laws and
This document provides the rationale, objectives, course structure, and content details for the Chemistry curriculum for senior secondary students in India. It aims to equip students with conceptual knowledge of chemistry to pursue further academic or professional studies. The revised curriculum emphasizes fundamental concepts, applications, and emerging areas of chemistry. It removes repetitive content and incorporates new scientific terms, symbols and formulations. The course is divided into 14 units covering topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, equilibrium, redox reactions, s-block and p-block elements, and organic chemistry. It concludes with the unit-wise breakdown of the syllabus and marks allocation.
Nepal Oil Corporation Syllabus for the examination of level 05 open lab +int ...Pragati Shah
Nepal Oil Corporation Syllabus for the examination of level 05 open lab +int lab. Questions model is of multiple choice and subjective questions from chemistry book and analytical chemistry
The document provides information on the chemistry curriculum for classes 11 and 12 in India.
Some key points:
1. The curriculum aims to provide students with conceptual knowledge of chemistry to enable them to pursue further academic or professional studies.
2. New areas like synthetic materials, biomolecules, and industrial chemistry have been added to better reflect current topics in chemistry.
3. Greater emphasis is placed on new nomenclature, symbols, fundamental concepts, and applications of chemistry in technology and industry.
4. The class 11 syllabus covers topics like atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, equilibrium, redox reactions and organic chemistry.
5. Practical work
The document provides information on the chemistry curriculum for classes 11 and 12 in India.
Some key points:
1. The curriculum aims to provide students with conceptual knowledge of chemistry to enable them to pursue further academic or professional studies.
2. New areas like synthetic materials, biomolecules, and industrial chemistry have been added to update the syllabus.
3. For class 11, the syllabus covers topics like atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, equilibrium etc.
4. The class 12 syllabus includes solutions, electrochemistry, kinetics, coordination compounds and various types of organic compounds.
5. Practical work involves volumetric analysis, salt analysis
This document provides the syllabus for chemistry for the JEE MAIN 2014 exam. It covers 27 units of chemistry across three sections - physical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and organic chemistry. The physical chemistry section covers topics like states of matter, atomic structure, chemical bonding, thermodynamics, solutions, and equilibrium. The inorganic chemistry section discusses periodic properties, metals/alloys, s-block and p-block elements, and coordination compounds. The organic chemistry section addresses purification/characterization, basic principles, hydrocarbons, organic compounds by functional groups (halogens, oxygen, nitrogen), polymers, and biomolecules.
The document is a syllabus for the GPAT-2019 exam covering topics in physical chemistry, physical pharmacy, and organic chemistry. Some key topics included are:
1. Physical chemistry topics like thermodynamics, electrochemistry, kinetics, and solutions.
2. Physical pharmacy topics like surface phenomena, rheology, dispersion systems, and solubility.
3. Organic chemistry topics like functional group chemistry, aromatic compounds, carbonyl reactions, heterocyclic chemistry, and stereochemistry.
The syllabus provides an overview of the concepts and reactions to be covered in each topic for the exam.
1. This document outlines the syllabus for a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry program over four semesters. It details the courses, topics, textbooks, and laboratory experiments for Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry.
2. Semesters I and II cover Physical and Inorganic Chemistry topics like thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, atomic structure, and bonding models. Semesters I and III additionally cover Organic Chemistry topics like structure and reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and spectroscopy.
3. The laboratory components involve experiments in physical chemistry like reaction kinetics, in inorganic qualitative analysis, and in organic techniques like crystallization, distillation, and qualitative organic analysis
This document provides the syllabus for the examination for the post of Senior Teacher (Grade-II) in the Secondary Education Department of Rajasthan Public Service Commission.
It outlines the topics to be covered in Paper II - Science, which is divided into two parts. Part I covers topics in biology, chemistry, and physics at the secondary and senior secondary level. Part II covers more advanced topics in biology, chemistry, and physics at the graduate level.
The syllabus provides detailed lists of concepts and topics to be studied within each subject for the examination, with approximately 180 marks allotted to questions from Part I and 80 marks from Part II.
This document outlines the syllabus for Semesters III and IV of an S.Y.B.Sc. in Chemistry. Semester III covers Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, including topics like thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium, and the chemistry of transition metals. Semester IV covers similar topics, along with electrochemistry, solid state, and colloidal chemistry. Both semesters include organic chemistry courses covering topics such as spectroscopy, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones. The document also lists textbooks, reference books, and laboratory experiments for each semester.
1. The document outlines the course objectives, content, pedagogy and assessment details for the Engineering Chemistry course.
2. The course aims to impart knowledge of electrochemistry, energy storage devices, corrosion prevention, metal finishing, polymers, nanomaterials and green chemistry. It covers 5 modules related to these topics.
3. Pedagogy includes lectures, videos, group learning activities and problem-based learning. Assessment consists of continuous internal evaluation through tests and assignments, and a semester end examination.
This document provides information about a chemistry textbook for higher secondary second year students in Tamil Nadu, India. It includes the textbook title, authors, reviewers, preface, and syllabus covered. The preface discusses the organization and purpose of the textbook, which is to provide students with knowledge across various branches of chemistry based on the revised syllabus. It aims to help students understand concepts through problems and gain an appreciation for chemistry. The syllabus outlines the topics covered in inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, and organic chemistry units. Key concepts discussed include atomic structure, periodic properties, p-block elements, coordination compounds, thermodynamics, kinetics and isomerism.
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry and organic compounds. It discusses how organic chemistry originated from distinguishing living from non-living substances. While early scientists believed organic compounds contained a vital force, it was later shown that organic substances could be prepared in the lab. The document defines organic chemistry as the study of carbon compounds, as carbon can form many diverse structures through its four covalent bonds. In summary, the document traces the history and definition of organic chemistry and explains why carbon is uniquely suited to form the compounds found in living things.
This document provides information about a Chemistry course offered at Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis. The course is for the Diploma in Planting Industrial Management program and is worth 3 credit hours. The course outline covers topics including the structure of atoms and molecules, electronic structure of atoms, the periodic table, chemical bonding, inorganic chemistry, oxidation and reduction, acids and bases, and organic chemistry. Student assessment includes tests, laboratory work, and a final exam worth 60% comprising both objective and subjective questions. The recommended textbook is Essential Chemistry by Raymond Chang.
The document provides an overview of the chemistry syllabus for JAM 2022, covering both physical chemistry and organic chemistry topics. It includes sections on atomic and molecular structure, the gaseous state, chemical thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, spectroscopy, and inorganic chemistry topics like periodic properties, transition metals, and main group elements. The syllabus also covers organic reaction mechanisms, natural products, aromatic compounds, qualitative organic analysis, and instrumental methods of analysis.
This document provides the rationale and syllabus for chemistry classes XI-XII. It discusses that at the higher secondary stage, specialized discipline-based courses are introduced to prepare students for careers in basic sciences or professional fields. The syllabus aims to provide a conceptual background in chemistry and promote problem-solving abilities. It covers fundamental concepts logically and relates chemistry to modern applications. The practical syllabus includes core experiments and an investigatory project. The overall goals are to develop scientific skills and attitudes while retaining interest in chemistry.
This document provides the rationale and syllabus for chemistry classes XI-XII. It discusses that at the higher secondary stage, specialized discipline-based courses are introduced to prepare students for careers in basic sciences or professional fields. The syllabus aims to provide a conceptual background in chemistry and promote problem-solving abilities. It covers fundamental concepts logically and relates chemistry to modern applications. The practical syllabus includes core experiments and an investigatory project. The overall goals are to develop scientific skills and attitudes while retaining interest in chemistry.
This document provides a detailed syllabus for the Physical Organic Chemistry course in the B.Pharm program. It outlines 6 topics that will be covered over the semester for a total of 45 hours. These include introduction to bonding concepts, modern theories of organic bonding, kinetics and reaction mechanisms, acid-base catalysis, and charge transfer complexes and reactions. For each topic, it lists the sub-topics and number of hours allocated. It also provides 5 reference books for the course.
The document then provides syllabus details for other semester 1 courses including Physical Pharmacy I, Anatomy Physiology and Pathophysiology I, Environmental Science, Communication Skills, and Physical Pharmacy Laboratory I. It outlines the topics,
The annual academic plan covers the months from June 2022 to May 2023. It outlines the chemistry topics to be covered each month, including solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, and organic compounds. Assignments, unit tests, and practical experiments are scheduled regularly. Major examinations include the half-yearly in November, pre-finals in February, and IPE theory exams from March to April. A total of 161 periods are allotted to complete the Chemistry II year syllabus.
Similar to 2014-2015 syllabus Class12_chemistry (20)
This document provides information on surface chemistry concepts including adsorption, desorption, absorption, and sorption. It defines these terms and discusses the differences between adsorption and absorption. Factors that affect adsorption such as the nature of the adsorbent and adsorbate, pressure, temperature, and activation of the solid adsorbent are summarized. The document also discusses Freundlich adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solution, applications of adsorption, and concepts related to catalysis including activation energy and catalytic promoters and inhibitors.
This document discusses different types of solids and their properties. It begins by introducing the three states of matter and describing how atoms in solids are held together more strongly than in gases and liquids.
It then summarizes the two main types of solids - amorphous and crystalline. Amorphous solids like glass have irregular atomic arrangements while crystalline solids have orderly, repeating patterns. Crystalline solids can further be classified based on the bonding forces between their constituent particles as ionic, covalent, molecular or metallic. Each type of bonding gives rise to distinct physical properties.
The document also describes space lattices and unit cells, which are the repeating arrangements of atoms that define crystalline structure. There
1. The document discusses different types of defects that can occur in solid materials, including point defects, electronic imperfections, and stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric defects.
2. Point defects include vacancy defects like Schottky defects (cation and anion vacancies that preserve stoichiometry) and Frenkel defects (cation displacement to interstitial sites). Non-stoichiometric defects occur when the ratio of cations to anions changes.
3. Defects can lead to increased electrical conductivity as they provide free electrons and holes for charge transport. They also decrease crystal density and stability in some cases. Various defect types are common in different material classes like ionic crystals,
This document discusses amines, including their classification, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, and reactions. Amines are derivatives of ammonia where hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups. They are prepared through reduction of nitro compounds, ammonolysis of alkyl halides, reduction of nitriles or amides, and other methods. Amines are basic due to the lone pair on the nitrogen. Primary and secondary amines are more basic than tertiary amines due to solvation effects. Aromatic amines are less basic than alkyl amines. Amines undergo reactions such as acylation, carbylamine formation, and electrophilic aromatic substitution.
K2Cr2O7 has the following key properties:
1. It forms orange crystals that melt at 669 K and are moderately soluble in cold water but less soluble in hot water.
2. It is a powerful oxidizing agent that oxidizes substances like I-, Fe2+, H2S, and SO2 in the presence of dilute sulfuric acid.
3. Its solutions change color from orange to yellow upon addition of an alkali due to the equilibrium between dichromate and chromate ions, and the color changes back to orange with an acid.
The document summarizes key points about d-block and f-block elements. It discusses the electronic configuration of transition metals and inner transition elements. It also provides information about the preparation of potassium dichromate and potassium permanganate. Some questions and answers related to the properties of transition metals and inner transition elements are also included.
Thermodynamics deals with energy changes in chemical reactions and their feasibility. It describes three types of systems - open, closed, and isolated - based on their ability to exchange energy and matter with surroundings. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy in an isolated system is constant and can neither be created nor destroyed. It is expressed as a change in internal energy (ΔU) of the system equals heat (q) absorbed plus work (w) done. Entropy is a measure of randomness or disorder in a system, which typically increases for spontaneous processes that are irreversible without external influence.
This document discusses key concepts in thermodynamics including:
1. It defines thermodynamics as dealing with energy changes in chemical reactions and their feasibility.
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The document discusses the properties of group 15 (pnicogen) elements. It describes their electronic configurations, trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and oxidation states down the group. It also discusses the anomalous properties of nitrogen, allotropes of phosphorus, properties of ammonia and phosphine, and reactions of nitric acid. Key reactions in the industrial production of ammonia and nitric acid are also outlined.
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This document contains a 30 question chemistry sample exam with multiple choice and long answer questions. It provides instructions for the exam, including question types and point values. The questions cover topics such as chemical formulas, hybrid orbitals, equilibrium reactions, acid-base chemistry, and organic chemistry reactions. Sample solutions are provided for some questions as examples. The exam is designed to test understanding of essential chemistry concepts and principles.
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9
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1. CLASS XII (2014-15)
(THEORY)
127
Total Periods (Theory 160 + Practical 60)
Time: 3 Hours 70 Marks
Unit No. Title No. of Periods Marks
Unit I Solid State 10
Unit II Solutions 10
Unit III Electrochemistry 12 23
Unit IV Chemical Kinetics 10
Unit V Surface Chemistry 08
Unit VI General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements 08
Unit VII p -Block Elements 12
19
Unit VIII d -and f -Block Elements 12
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Unit IX Coordination Compounds 12
Unit X Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10
Unit XI Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10
Unit XII Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10
Unit XIII Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen 10 28
Unit XIV Biomolecules 12
Unit XV Polymers 08
Unit XVI Chemistry in Everyday Life 06
Total 160 70
Unit I: Solid State 10 Periods
Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic
solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea). Unit cell in two dimensional and three
dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids,
number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties.
Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n and p type semiconductors.
Unit II: Solutions 10 Periods
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in
liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult's law,
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.
Unit III: Electrochemistry 12 Periods
Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations
of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary
idea), dry cell -electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard
2. electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs
energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells, corrosion.
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics 10 Periods
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration,
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate
constant,integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of
collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenious
equation.
Unit V: Surface Chemistry 08 Periods
Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, catalysis,
homogenous and heterogenous activity and selectivity; enzyme catalysis colloidal state distinction
between true solutions, colloids and suspension; lyophilic, lyophobic multimolecularand
macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement,electrophoresis,
coagulation, emulsion - types of emulsions.
Unit VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements 08 Periods
Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, oxidation, reduction - electrolytic method and
refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.
Unit VII:"p"-Block Elements 12 Periods
Group -15 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states,
trends in physical and chemical properties; Nitrogen preparation properties and uses; compounds
of Nitrogen, preparation and properties of Ammonia and Nitric Acid, Oxides of Nitrogen(Structure
only) ; Phosphorus - allotropic forms, compounds of Phosphorus: Preparation and Properties of
Phosphine, Halides and Oxoacids (elementary idea only).
Group 16 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence,
trends in physical and chemical properties,dioxygen: Preparation, Properties and uses, classification
of Oxides, Ozone, Sulphur -allotropic forms; compounds of Sulphur: Preparation Properties and
uses of Sulphur-dioxide, Sulphuric Acid: industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses;
Oxoacids of Sulphur (Structures only).
Group 17 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence,
trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens, Preparation, properties and
uses of Chlorine and Hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds, Oxoacids of halogens (structures
only).
Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical
and chemical properties, uses.
Unit VIII: "d" and "f" Block Elements 12 Periods
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals,
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals - metallic character, ionization enthalpy,
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds,
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid
contraction and its consequences.
128
3. Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds 12 Periods
Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in
qualitative inclusion, extraction of metals and biological system).
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes. 10 Periods
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C -X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of
substitution reactions, optical rotation.
Haloarenes: Nature of C -X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in
monosubstituted compounds only).
Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane,
iodoform, freons, DDT.
Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 Periods
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration,
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.
Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 Periods
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical
and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in
aldehydes: uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties; uses.
Unit XIII: Organic compounds containing Nitrogen 10 Periods
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Cyanides and Isocyanides - will be mentioned at relevant places in text.
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit XIV: Biomolecules 12 Periods
Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L
configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose,
glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.
Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of
proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only),
denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.
129
4. 130
Vitamins - Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.
Unit XV: Polymers 08 Periods
Classification - natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation),
copolymerization, some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon polyesters,
bakelite, rubber. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers.
Unit XVI: Chemistry in Everyday life 06 Periods
Chemicals in medicines - analgesics, tranquilizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials,
antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
Chemicals in food - preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants.
Cleansing agents- soaps and detergents, cleansing action.
PRACTICALS
Evaluation Scheme for Examination Marks
Volumetric Analysis 08
Salt Analysis 08
Content Based Experiment 06
Project work 04
Class record and viva 04
Total 30
PRACTICALS SYLLABUS 60 Periods
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments.
Wherever possible, such techniques should be used.
A. Surface Chemistry
(a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol
Lyophilic sol - starch, egg albumin and gum
Lyophobic sol - aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.
(b) Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a) above.
(c) Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.
B. Chemical Kinetics
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and
Hydrochloric acid.
(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:
5. (i) Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different concentration
131
of Iodide ions.
(ii) Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3) using starch solution as
indicator (clock reaction).
C. Thermochemistry
Any one of the following experiments
i) Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.
ii) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).
iii) Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone
and Chloroform.
D. Electrochemistry
Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+|| Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO4 or
ZnSO4) at room temperature.
E. Chromatography
i) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination
of Rf values.
ii) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents
having large difference in R fvalues to be provided).
F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds
i) Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum.
ii) Preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.
G. Preparation of Organic Compounds
Preparation of any one of the following compounds
i) Acetanilide
ii) Di -benzal Acetone
iii) p-Nitroacetanilide
iv) Aniline yellow or 2 - Naphthol Aniline dye.
H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:
Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.
I. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given
food stuffs.
J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard
solution of:
i) Oxalic acid,
ii) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).
6. 132
K. Qualitative analysis
Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt.
Cation- Pb2+, Cu2+ As3+, Al3, Fe3+, Mn2+, ZnCu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+,
Anions-
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
PROJECT
Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources.
A few suggested Projects.
N Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.
N Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
N Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with the natural milk with respect to curd formation,
effect of temperature, etc.
N Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as food preservative under various conditions (temperature,
concentration, time, etc.)
N Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on it.
N Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following materials: wheat flour, gram flour, potato
juice, carrot juice, etc.
N Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), Illaichi (cardamom).
3 4 2 2 4 4 , S , S , S , NO , Cl , Br, I , PO , C , O , CH COO 2 -
N Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric power, chilli powder and pepper.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the
approval of the teacher.
Prescribed Books:
1. Chemistry Part -I, Class-XII, Published by NCERT.
2. Chemistry Part -II, Class-XII, Published by NCERT.
+4
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2- 2- 2- - - - 3+ 2- -
3 C
7. CHEMISTRY (CODE-043)
QUESTION PAPER DESIGN
CLASS - XII (2014-15)
Time 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
S. Typology of Questions Very Short Short Value Long Total %
No. Short Answer-I Answer -II based Anser Marks Weigh-
Answer (SA-I) (SA-II) question (L.A.) tage
(VSA) (2 marks) (3 marks) (4 marks) (5 marks)
(1 mark)
1 Remembering- 2 1 1 - - 7 10%
133
(Knowledge based Simple
recall questions, to know
specific facts, terms,
concepts, principles, or
theories, Identify, define,
or recite, information)
2 Understanding- - 2 4 - 1 21 30%
(Comprehension -to be
familiar with meaning and
to understand
conceptually, interpret,
compare, contrast, explain,
paraphrase information)
3 Application (Use abstract - 2 4 - 1 21 30%
information in concrete
situation, to apply
knowledge to new
situations, Use given
content to interpret a
situation, provide an
example, or solve a
problem)
4 High Order Thinking 2 - 1 - 1 10 14%
Skills ( Analysis &
Synthesis- Classify,
compare, contrast, or
differentiate between
different pieces of
information, Organize
and/or integrate unique
pieces of information
from a variety of sources)
5 Evaluation and Multi- 1 - 2 1 - 11 16%
Disciplinary- (Appraise,
judge, and/or justify the
value or worth of a decision
or outcome, or to predict
outcomes based on values)
TOTAL 5x1=5 5x2=10 12x3=36 1x4=4 3x5=15 70(26) 100%
8. QUESTION WISE BREAK UP
Type of Question(s) Mark(s) per Total No. of Total
Question Questions Marks
VSA 1 5 05
SA-I 2 5 10
SA-II 3 12 36
VBQ 4 1 04
LA 5 3 15
Total 26 70
1. Internal Choice: There is no overall choice in the paper. However, there is an internal choice in one
question of 2 marks weightage, one question of 3 marks weightage and all the three questions of 5 marks
weightage.
2. The above template is only a sample. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating similar templates
keeping the overall weightage to different form of questions and typology of questions same.
134