2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: DOE Solar Energy Grid Integration R&D: Guohui Yuan, Department of Energy

1. energy.gov/sunshot
energy.gov/sunshot
DOE Solar Energy
Grid Integration R&D
PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop
Santa Clara, CA
Guohui Yuan, PhD
DOE SunShot / System Integration
5/6/2014

2. energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot 1
DOE SunShot Vision and Goals
Deployment / grid integration
• Solar energy 14% of U.S.
electricity energy demand by 2030,
27% by 2050
Cost reduction
“reduce the total installed cost of solar energy
systems to $0.06 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) by
2020.
Today, SunShot is 60% of its way toward
achieving the cost target.
SunShot Vision Study
Benchmark
2010*
2013* 2020
Target
Utility Scale PV
Installed Cost
$4.0/W $2.27/W $1.0/W
LCOE $0.21/kWh $0.11/kWh $0.06/kWh
* Source: DOE SunShot / NREL

3. energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot 2
U.S. Solar Market
• U.S. solar installation up by 41%
• Cumulative capacity over 13 GW
100 GW
200 GW
300 GW
Source: GTM Research

4. energy.gov/sunshot
The viSIon
100 GW
Solar
Penetration
Plant Performance and Reliability
• Performance uncertainty < 2%
• Failure detection > 95%
• System weight < 2 lb/ft2
• Labor costs < $0.10/W
Communications
• Nodes connected > 5M
• Availability = 100%
• Response time < 1 sec.
Power Electronics
• Cost < $0.10/W
• Service life > 25 years
• Efficiency > 98%
Dispatchability
• Integration cost = 0
• ≥ NERC standards
at no additional cost
Grid Performance and Reliability
• PV gen capacity > 100% peak load
• Interconnection approval < 1 wk
• Voltage THD < 5%; IHD < 3%

5. energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot 4
Scale of the Problem
100 GW =
100,000 of 1 MW
utility-scale
systems
OR
10 million of 10 kW
residential systems

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• Focus on enabling high solar penetration in a safe, reliable and
cost-effective manner
1. Grid Performance & Reliability (GPR)

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2. Dispatchability
• Enable dispatch of solar power plants at utility and distributed
scales in a fashion that is comparable to or better than
conventional power plants

8. energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot
• All PV-generated electricity flows through power electronics
and its share in the electric system is increasing rapidly.
• PV systems also dynamically interact with other power flow
controllers in the electric power grid.
3. Power Electronics

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Number of
connected nodes
Network
availability
Response time
Cybersecurity
Open architecture
Plug and Play
Modular
Standard-based
Device-level
Enterprise-Level
4. Communication

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5. Plant Performance and Reliability
Performance
uncertainty
System
reliability
O & M
costs

11. energy.gov/sunshot
Active SunShot System Integration Programs
HiPEN
BOS-X
SEGIS-AC
RTC
Plug and Play
Forecasting
SUNRISE
PREDICTS
Incubator
LAB R&D

12. energy.gov/sunshot
DOE SunShot SEGIS-AC Program (2011-2015)
11 11
 SolarBridge - ACPV
 GE Global Research - microinverter
 Alencon - MW inverter
Topic 1: Smart grid functionality that makes it
easier to integrate PV solar into the grid
 University of Hawaii – residential PV
 EPRI – utility-scale PV w/storage
 AE Solar Energy – utility-scale PV w/
storage
Topic 2: Reduce the cost of power electronics
and BOS
2010
Benchmark
SunShot
Goal

13. energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot
• Utility partners - 6
• Demonstration sites - 10
• Inverters manufacturers - 8
• Universities - 2
• National labs - 3
• Publications & patents – at least 20
• Contribution to standard activities – CIM, MultiSpeak,
Zigbee Alliance, SunSpec, IEEE, IEC, Rule 21
12
SEGIS-AC By the Numbers

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Project Partners
13

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Smart Inverter Functions
14
Site Specific Testing and Demonstration

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Inverter Testing
• Grid simulator
• PV simulator
• Communication
• Remote control

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Test Protocols
Key smart inverter
functions tested
• Volt/Var
• Volt/Watt
• Freq-watt
• L/H voltage ride through
• Max generation level up/down
• Remote connect/disconnect
• Adjustable power factor
• Dynamic reactive current
IEEE 1547a
standards

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Demonstration Sites
• Instrumentation
• Inverter upgrade
• PMC
• Communication
• DERMS software
• Remote control

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Discussion
• Join us at the Sunshot Summit!
• May 19-22 | Anaheim, California | SunShot Grand
Challenge Summit and Peer Review 2014
• Questions and comments, please contact
Guohui.Yuan@ee.doe.gov