The document discusses the differences between leadership and management, with leadership focusing on influencing others and having a long term vision, while management focuses on controlling processes and maintaining the status quo. It provides examples of how project managers can demonstrate leadership on projects by inspiring teams, challenging assumptions, and focusing on stakeholders. The document advocates that to be successful, project managers likely need to balance both management and leadership skills, with the appropriate approach depending on the context of the specific project. It highlights communication, trust, delivering on promises and leading by example as important leadership traits for project managers.

1. 1
Leadership vs Management from a Military Background – What makes a Project Manager a great Leader!
Derek Hughes MSc, P.Eng, C.Eng, PMP, CD
Past President, PMI OVOC
08 October 2014

2. Agenda
Managers and Leaders
PMI’s Role in Advancing the Profession
Operational Leadership
What is Project Management Leadership?
Leadership Success and Best Practise
Traits of Successful Leaders
Industry/Military Views

3. Management vs Leadership
[1] What is the Difference Between Management and Leadership?, http://guides.wsj. com/management/developing-a-leadership-style/what-is-the-difference-between- management-and-leadership/; Internet, accessed 4 September 2013.
There is a profound difference between management and leadership, and both are important. To manage means to bring about, to accomplish, to have charge of or responsibility for, to conduct. Leading is influencing, guiding in a direction, course, action, opinion. [1]

4. Managers vs Leaders
– The manager administers; the leader innovates.
– The manager maintains; the leader develops.
– The manager focuses on systems and structure; the leader focuses on people.
– The manager relies on control; the leader inspires trust.
– The manager has a short-range view; the leader has a long-range perspective.

5. Managers vs Leaders (2)
– The manager asks how and when; the leader asks what and why.
– The manager has his or her eye always on the bottom line; the leader’s eye is on the horizon.
– The manager imitates; the leader originates.
– The manager accepts the status quo; the leader challenges it.
– The manager is the classic good soldier; the leader is his or her own person.
– The manager does things right; the leader does the right thing.

6. PMI and The Project Manager (PM)
Project Management is increasingly becoming an important means to achieve organizational objectives

Public and private sector
Key drivers

On time

On budget

On scope

Managed Risks

Best Performance

Satisfied Stakeholders

7. PM Background
Effective management of projects is a difficult task
Planning is a key element to project execution
Effective project management requires a clear vision and set of expected outcomes relating to:
•
Project scope
•
Requirements
•
Cost
•
Schedule
•
Risks
•
Stakeholder Expectations

8. “Moving a Complex Platform”
Exercise #1 Project Management Institute —A Global Snapshot

9. Boat Status – HMCS CHICOUTIMI
Work is conducted under the Victoria- class In-Service Support Contract (VISSC) at Victoria Shipyards in Esquimalt, B.C
Ops scheduled in late 2014

10. Operational Leadership
Leadership has been described as “a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task“[2]
[2] Chemers M. (1997) An integrative theory of leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8058-2679-1

12. Exercise 1 - Questions?
What type of PM should lead the evolution (Leader or Manager);
What are the major PM challenges to overcome;
List three (3) areas that the PM could influence the evolution.

13. Leadership
1.
Know Yourself and Seek Self Improvement...
2.
Be Technically Proficient...
3.
Seek Responsibility and Take Responsibility for Your Actions...take risks as it should be expected
4.
Make Sound and Timely Decisions...
5.
Set the Example...by challenging the process/status quo
6.
Know Your Personnel and Look Out for Their Well Being...
Military Leadership Principles

14. Leadership (cont’d)
7.
Keep Your Followers Informed...
8.
Develop A Sense of Responsibility In Your Followers...
9.
Ensure Each Task is Understood, Supervised and Accomplished...
10.
Build A Team...Leaders develop a team spirit that motivates team members to work with confidence and competence.
11.
Employ Your Team In Accordance With Its Capabilities...A leader must use sound judgment when employing the team. Failure is not an option. By employing the team properly, we insure mission accomplishment.
Military Leadership Principles

15. PMI’s Core Values: Essential and Enduring Guiding Principles
The Four Main Core Values are:
Professionalism
Knowledge
Community and Volunteerism
Value of Project Management
to Business

16. PMI: Project Leadership?
A project manager creates objectives; the project leader influences people and events to ensure those are met
A project manager formulates plans; the project leader provides the vision and enthusiasm to achieve them
A project manager monitors results; the project leader recognizes and initiates change to keep the project on track
A project manager assigns activities; the project leader provides direction and motivation
A project manager solves technical problems; the project leader encourages innovation
A project manager puts the team together; the project leader fosters collaboration
A project manager asks for feedback and information; the project leader explains how to make the information useful
A project manager identifies stakeholders; the project leader analyzes and balances their expectations[1]
[1] Voices of Project Management, http://blogs.pmi.org/blog/voices_on_project_ management/leadership/; Internet, accessed 18 October 2013.

17. Key Success Factors for Projects
Executives need to champion
End-User Involvement includes stakeholder
Experienced Project Manager
Proper Planning
Proactive Risk Management
Clear Scope
Right People/Team
Clear Acceptance Criteria
Formal Approach
Reliable Estimates.

18. Project Failures Budget, Timing, Technology/ Functionality and/or Ineffective Change Mgt
OASIG Report (Europe)

Lack of attention to human and organizational factors

Poor project management

Poor articulation of user/customer requirements

Inadequate attention to business needs and goals

Failure to involve users appropriately
Standish Group (North-America)
Lack of executive support
Lack of user participation
Lack of leadership skills and ineffective communications
Ill-defined business objectives and project goals
Lack of an effective project management methodology

19. “Leader vs Manager – BP Oil Crisis”
Exercise #2 Project Management Institute —A Global Snapshot

20. BP Oil Crisis (John)

21. BP Oil Crisis

22. Leader or Manager:
Is John a Leader or Manager?
What are the Missing skills for John as a Leader or Manager?
What basic PM skills has John forgotten?
What skills would you take from PMI to help him develop into a great Leader or Manager?
How can John resolve the problem?
What would be the next step for John in sorting the issue from a Project Manager perspective?
1
3
4
5
6
2

23. Industry/Military Opinion on Leadership
Best Practise
Traits
Volunteering
Tips
PEO
General Rick Hillier, CDS (2005-08)
My View as a PM

24. Leadership Best Practices
Model the Way;
Inspire a Shared Vision;
Challenge the Process;
Enable Others to Act; and
Encourage the Heart.[3]
[3]Jim Kouzes and Barry Posner, http://www.leadershipchallenge.com/ About-section- Our-Approach.aspx; Internet, accessed 5 October 2013.

25. Five Traits to Consider for Leadership
“how are you showing up as a leader?”
“you have to add something new to your game”
“you have to get curious about the world around you”
“you need to step outside of your comfort zone”; and
“you have to realize that it’s not about you”
“Get curious about the world and others around you”
Does this apply to you as a member of PMI?

26. 26
PMI Leadership - COP

27. PEO - To Master Engineering You Need to Lead(Sep 14)
Leadership is personal
Leadership is a habit
Leadership is selfless
Leadership is action
Leadership is supportive of goals and needs
Leadership is focused on people 27
- A manager’s job is to direct and control a team.
- A Leader exercises influence over a team through their own behaviour and disposition

28. General R. Hillier
Leadership is all about people and:
•
embracing those in your charge and winning over those you need to work with not about risk aversion or management fads.
•
Leaders think long, and have a vision.
•
Their actions speak, not their words, and they make their own luck.
•
Leaders also act out of moral courage, accept failure, take advantage of crisis and are perpetually optimistic.
•
Leadership is an inspirational, and, a collection of principles that will challenge the way you run your business, start a project or take that next step in life. 28

29. My View as a Project Manager
Communicate, Communicate, Communicate!!
Retain Trust and Integrity as part of your life
Passion for the project
Deliver to on your promises to the Customer
Set Project Expectations with Senior Management
Build a successful team
Influence and Negotiation
Lead by Example – An intensity and drive for results...........
A leadership mindset helps project managers to guide the project team toward a common project goal!!

30. Manager
Leader
Must strike the right balance between managerial and leadership approaches based on the scope/depth/complexity of project, resources available, timeline/deadlines, and team composition (skills, knowledge, experience, aptitude, attitude, motivation, training, etc.)
Manager and Leader are NOT mutually exclusive. In a modern environment, you have to be proficient at both

31. “Operation Leadership vs Manager – HMCS Windsor”
Exercise #3 Project Management Institute —A Global Snapshot

32. Never Give Up... A Leadership Challenge to Manage our way out!!
If at first you don’t succeed... ..
Try, try again..!!!

33. HMCS Windsor 33

34. Operational Leadership
What makes a Successful Leader or Manager?
As a follower, what type of leader would you follow and why?
Why is Leadership important in a team?
What are the faults of a Leader vs Manager?

35. “The Talent Triangle” 35
The skillsets of the next generation
Source: Pulse of the Profession, Navigating Complexity, PMI, Sep 13

36. Project Management: The passion that unites us!
A True Leader Dares to Dream...

37. Handout 37

38. Questions? Leadership vs Management from a Military Background – What makes a Project Manager a great Leader!
Derek Hughes
President CanPM Inc.