iCore Presentation at CALIPSO FIA Workshop (Dublin May 2013). Positioning Cognitive IoT against Internet timeline

1. Supporting all-IP IoT
with Virtual Objectswith Virtual Objects
Raffaele Giaffreda (CREATE-NET)
EU FP7 iCore Project Coordinator
FIA Dublin – 7th May 2013

2. a bit of IoT infographics...

3. BOSCH
7 bln connected devices by 2015

4. SAP
24 bln connected devices by 2020

5. INTEL
31 bln connected devices by 2020

6. CISCO
37-50 bln connected devices by 2020

7. transistor density / space efficiency
Turing’s Pilot ACE: Automatic
Computing Engine

8. bandwidth / spectral efficiency

9. Space Efficiency + Spectral Efficiency =
MAZE OF TINY, CONNECTED THINGS
Trend: more and more widespread sensing and monitoring data available
...Tiny but Powerful devices

10. what’s beyond IP connectivity?
The Internet parallel...
HTTP/WWW
search engines
connect your info
TCP/IP
HTML
represent info / aggregate info
WWW
personalised knowledge
collections, blogs...
The Semantic Web
find info
VALUE!

11. IoT, what’s beyond IP connectivity?
early stages for the IoT...
HTTP/WWW
hundreds of bespoke
IoT applications
The Semantic Web
VALUE!
personalised knowledge
collections, blogs...
represent info / aggregate info
search engines
connect your info
TCP/IP
HTML
WWW
find info
object
today

12. HUMAN
MACHINE
IoT innovation potential...
“Innovation”: one
can focus on apps!!!
OBD
On Board Diagnostics
MACHINE
HUMAN

13. lesson #1
• connect your objects, unlock value

14. siloed and bespoke IoT applications
APPS
HOUSE
APPS
FRIDGE
APPS
PATIENT
APPS
PATIENT
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
DATA / INFORMATION OVERLOAD, BUT...
CAR
SENSORS
HOUSE
SENSORS FRIDGESENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
APPS
PATIENT
SENSORS
APPS
TRUCK
SENSORS
APPS

15. IF A WELL-DEFINED INTERFACE INTO CAR SENSORS BRINGS SUCH POTENTIAL...
APPS
HOUSE
APPS
FRIDGE
APPS
PATIENT
APPS
PATIENT
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
APPS
CAR
HOUSE
FRIDGE
PATIENT
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
PATIENT
SENSORS
APPS
PATIENT
SENSORS
APPS
TRUCK
SENSORS
APPS
SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS

16. iCore concepts
• Virtual Object
• Composite Virtual
Object
• Service / User Level• Service / User Level

17. Virtual Object as OBD across silos
IoT services
Virtual Object SW Agent
IoT services
VO registry
To upper iCore levels and Internet
Semantic VO descriptions
Abstraction
ICT objects
(heterogeneous world)
Sensors and actuators
Proprietary services IoT services
Associated physical objects
Abstraction
17

18. what ingredients?
• common interfaces to interact with
objects (i.e. REST)
• + extra containers for metadata
• let the systems know what the object• let the systems know what the object
is good for, its location (“I am a Temp
sensor in Room A”), its accuracy, its
energy levels etc.
replicate what the HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
has done for simply connected info
“I am a webpage and I talk about Paris history”

19. WHAT ARE VOs GOOD FOR?
• OBJECTS PROXIMITY
– automated selection “by relevance” (see arguments
for cognitive technologies in a minute...)
• OBJECTS REUSE• OBJECTS REUSE
– reuse across different apps, increase availability,
hence, increase monitoring / sensing granularity
• OBJECTS MGMT
– i.e. energy management, contextualised sensing
(accuracy vs. sensing frequency) etc.
Providing IoT systems the ability to self-configure, based on various requirements, and ...

20. Ability to dynamically aggregate
ProxShape(QUADRILATERAL)
ProxColour(GREEN)
ProxColour(RED)
APP / SRV
APP / SRV
APP / SRV
Cognitive.prep
Cognitive.select
VO

21. ...providing IoT systems the ability to adapt
CAR
APPS
HOUSE
APPS
FRIDGE
APPS
PATIENT
APPS
HOUSE
FRIDGE
PATIENT
SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS
PATIENT is near the FRIDGE
CAR is near the HOUSE
PATIENT is driving the CAR
objects reuse
across domains
KitchenPresDetect PatientStatusDetect
Easy for us...not for a “dumb” computer...

22. lesson #2
• connect your objects across domains, unlock
further value

23. Internet vs. IoT
• a page + a page + a page...connect info
• represent info – HTML
• aggregate info – hyperlink
• a (sensor) feed + a feed + a feed...
• represent feeds – VO
• aggregate feeds – CVO

24. VALUE?

25. the need for cognitive technologies
• iCore Composite Virtual Object (CVO)
– aggregation of simple sensing capability
– self-maintenance (service maintained in case of
failure) increased sensing granularity needed!failure) increased sensing granularity needed!
– System Knowledge
• what is available to meet reqs?
“smart but not so much...”
ability to select alternatives based on
what metadata we put in the extra VO
containers
CT 1

26. the need for cognitive technologies
• iCore Service Level and overall Cognitive
Management Framework
CT 2,3

27. use of cognitive technologies in the IoT
• Build models for Real World
Knowledge representation
• Help predict based on observation
of past (training)
• Assist rather than replace human• Assist rather than replace human
decisions
• Personalise the behaviour of IoT
systems to tailor user changing
needs and situations

28. Putting it all together, iCore Cognitive Mgmt Framework
Service Level
Service
Execution
Request
Service
Request
select, notification
Service
Request
Alert / Predict
ACK
Application
CVO Level
VO Level
CVO/VO
Execution
Request
RWO
interactions
select,
deploy
(bind), run
set of
running
processes
satisfying
Service
Request
notification
according
to service
template
ACK
RWOs
dynamic
binding

29. Internet vs. IoT
• find info
• personalised knowledge collections, blogs as
“ready info meals”...
• find VOs / CVOs
• personalised IoT services, applications that
learn how to assist users

30. the need for cognitive technologies
• factoring “smart logic algorithms” out of developers
concerns
– IF “crash” THEN “alertRSA”
– “crash” (IF VO_x = TRUE THEN crash := TRUE)
– (IF VO_x = TRUE AND VO_y = TRUE THEN crash := TRUE)
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_x
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_y
IF (VO_x = TRUE) AND (VO_y = TRUE)
THEN crash := TRUE
IF VO_x = TRUE
THEN crash := TRUE
IF (VO_x > TH_x) AND (VO_y > TH_y)
THEN crash := TRUE
factor out cognitive technologies
CT 2
• iCore community: foster “ready meals” for IoT apps

31. the need for cognitive technologies
• rather than for the selection of appropriate templates,
here focus is on refinement of selected one according
to observed system-reality matching
• Real-World-Knowledge “growing”
• Learning and adaptation to the users preferences• Learning and adaptation to the users preferences
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_x
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_y IF (VO_x > TH_x) AND (VO_y > TH_y)
THEN crash := TRUE
CT 3
assess
QUALITY of
PREDICTION
REFINE
TH_x, and TH_y

32. iCore Architecture, RWK grow and SK grow
Service Level
Service
Execution
Request
Service
Request
select,
Delta (RWK-RW)
ACK
Application
RWK
Model
tweak
parameters /
algorithms
CVO Level
VO Level
CVO/VO
Execution
Request
RWO
interactions
select,
deploy
(bind), run
set of
running
processes
satisfying
Service
Request
ACK
RWOs
RWK
SK
Delta (SK-S)
SK
Model
Personalised RWK and SK...

33. in one slide
srv templates
(RWK models)
srv templates
(RWK models)
srv templates
(RWK models)
CVO templates
(SK models)
instantiation of same cognitive algorithms linking sensors
gets tailored with usage to produce outputs and alerts that
match user preferences, situation, infrastructure context
CVO templates
(SK models)
CVO templates
(SK models)

34. iCore and Cognitive Technologies
• CVO Level “system knowledge”
– SLA-driven VO selection / maintainance
– semantic enrichment semantic-based reasoning
– selection by relevance to the needs of the application
• deal with data / information overload
– template select
Summary
CT 1
– template select
– given VO / CVO “types” find best algorithms that combine these
for desired output
• deal with data / information overload
– learn and predict
– given an algorithm, tweak parameters to better align iCore
system behaviour to the observed real situation
– Real World Knowledge (RWK) “growing”, adaptation to user
preferences
CT 2
CT 3

35. The Internet of Things evolution timeline
The Dumb IoT The Craft IoT The Cognitive IoT
YESTERDAY TODAY TOMORROW
The Dumb Internet The Craft Internet The Technicolor Internet
The Dumb IoT The Craft IoT The Cognitive IoT
Bear with us, we are building it!

36. references
• iCore application in smart-cities and IoT-based
monitoring
[REF1] P. Vlacheas, R. Giaffreda et al. "Enabling Smart Cities Through
a Cognitive Management Framework for the Internet of Things“,
to appear in IEEE Communications Magazine - Special Issue onto appear in IEEE Communications Magazine - Special Issue on
Smart Cities (June 2013)
[REF2] IERC Newsletter April 2013 – foreword by R. Giaffreda

37. thank you!
iCore Website
www.iot-icore.eu
Contacts:
Raffaele Giaffreda
raffaele.giaffreda@create-net.org
3 yrs EU FP7 Integrated Project
(started 1st Oct 2011)
20 Partners with strong industrial
representation
8.7mEur EU Funding
EU + China and Japan
ID Card
Japan
raffaele.giaffreda@create-net.org
Abdur Rahim
abdur.rahim@create-net.org
EU + China and Japan