Guest talk @UGent

1. Veselin Pizurica CTO, veselin@waylay.io

2. Internet of Things
Introduction
Guest lecture, UGent, 17/11/2015

3. Why so much interest in IoT?

4. IoT - Tectonic Shift
Impact of science and engineering - invisible force that is changing our daily life

5. Example: Agriculture

6. What is Internet of Things?

7. Why now? - Perfect storm
● Cost of adding new connected sensors/actuators has come down dramatically
● Connectivity
● Cloud
● API economy
● Big Data/Analytics
● AI
● Robotics

8. Devices are becoming widely available
Off-the-shelf gadgets Programmable devices

9. Connectivity - everywhere!

10. IP-based Reference Model

11. Cloud
● Storage
● Computing power
● Scalability/elasticity
● Distributed applications

12. Cloud infrastructure - hardware view

13. Cloud infrastructure - software view

14. API economy
● APIs have become new patents
● Who holds the data, holds the knowledge
● Companies don’t share their know-how, but they are willing to share their
know-what (via Application Programming Interface API)
● API economy will be the major driver of the profit for many companies

15. Weather API - monetization

16. IoT -> (Big) Data -> Analytics

17. Big data analytics

18. What connects these two pictures?

19. Fraud detection
http://onemileatatime.boardingarea.com/2015/06/14/i-experienced-a-type-of-credit-card-fraud-i-didnt-know-existed/

20. So let’s talk about AI!
Y = f (X) Y = f (X)

21. IoT reference model

22. Intelligence - where?
“Swarm” intelligence Logic in the gateway
“Fog” computing
Logic in the cloud
Logic in the device

23. Swarm Intelligence - in sensor networks?
● Limited storage, power and processing power
● Sensors and actuators local

24. Logic in the gateway - (mostly) home automation

25. Fog computing
● Anomaly detection
● Compress sensing (not for computing, but bandwidth optimization, as data
leaves the edge)
● Fast reaction time
● No privacy issues if data doesn’t leave the edge
● Doesn’t work for LoRA and Sigfox, as data deduplication happens in the cloud
● Mostly in factory settings - transition from SCADA (legacy) systems to more
internet oriented solutions

26. Why NOT intelligence in the cloud?
● Latency requirements
● Failure (in)tolerance (lack of redundancy) – adding more blocks system even
less stable
● Cost of pushing data in the cloud (storage, bandwidth)
● SW cost of integration
● Lack of standardization
● Security concerns: Authentication/Authorization
● Privacy concerns

27. Why intelligence in the cloud?
● Device-agnostic and decouples logic from the presentation layer
● Combination of the sensor data with API “economy”
● Integrating multiple IoT vertical solutions
● Cloud-capacity scales horizontally, while distributed HW often needs to be
swapped when HW resources are no longer sufficient
● Cloud intelligence also allows easy generation of analytics regarding the
usage of the logic itself. Which rules fired and why? How often?
● An architectural model arises where logic is built together with a REST API

28. Our vision

29. Waylay - smart agent concept for IoT

30. Waylay platform