1) A sugar dust explosion and fire occurred at an Imperial Sugar refinery in Georgia in 2008, killing 14 workers and injuring 36. The packaging area of the refinery was destroyed. 2) The root causes were inadequate equipment, poor housekeeping allowing dust to accumulate, an overheated bearing igniting dust in the air, and an inadequate emergency response plan. 3) Consequences included $15.5 million in losses for Imperial Sugar, 124 safety violations found, an $8.7 million fine from OSHA, and 44 lawsuits from victims' families. The refinery was shut down for 18 months during cleanup and reconstruction.