The document discusses characterization and treatment of effluents from textile chemical processing. It notes that textile effluents are diverse in nature and contain a variety of organic and inorganic materials used in various textile processes. Common effluent treatment methods discussed include primary treatment like screening and neutralization, secondary biological treatment using activated sludge or oxidation ponds, and tertiary treatments like adsorption or reverse osmosis. It emphasizes the importance of waste minimization techniques to reduce pollution at source.

1. Characterization and treatment of textile chemical processing effluents R.B.Chavan Department of Textile Technology Indian Institute of Technology Hauz-Khas, New Delhi 110016 E-mail rbchavan@hotmail.com

13. Tolerance limits for industrial effluents Absent Absent Absent Absent Pesticides mg/l 5 - - 2 Sulphides mg/l 15 - 15 5 Zinc mg/l 3 - 3 3 Copper mg/l 1.0 - 2 0.1 Hexavalent chromium mg/l 250 - - 250 COD 100 100 350 30 BOD (5 days ) 20 10 20 10 Oil and grease mg/l 45 - 45 40 Temperature 0C Max. 5.5-9 5.5-9 5.5-9 5.5-9 pH - 2100 2100 2100 Dissolved solids (TDS, mg/l m - 200 600 100 Suspended solids (mg/l ) Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colour and odour Into marine Coastal areas On land for irrigation Into public sewer Into inland surface water Characteristics

26. RO of Rinsed water from dyeing

28. Adsorption on activated carbon bed

32. Trade prospects

38. Pollution prevention Strategy

46. Reduction of water consumption Wash Wash Degumming

47. Reduction of water consumption Exhaust dyeing Rinse Rinse Rinse Recycle for rinsing subsequent dyeing