This document discusses the key components and structure of ecosystems. It begins by defining ecology as the study of relationships between life forms, and ecosystems as communities of organisms within a shared environment. Ecosystems have both abiotic (non-living) components like soil and air, as well as biotic (living) components including producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers, mainly plants, are autotrophs that produce their own food through photosynthesis. Consumers are heterotrophs that depend on producers and each other for food and include herbivores, primary carnivores, and secondary carnivores. Decomposers also rely on other organisms for nutrients and help recycle materials within the ecosystem

1. ECOSYSTEM

2. OBJECTIVES
From this slide will come to know about the
following things:-
• Ecology
• Ecosystem & its uses

3. ECOSYSTEM
• Ecology is study which deals with the relationship of life forms
with each other.
• Ecosystem is defined as a community of organism living in a
particular environment
Uses
• It is sustainable group of organism in a particular physical
environment.
• Energy flow in am ecosystem lads to clearly define tropic
structures ,biotic diversity and material cycles.

4. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF AN
ECOSYSTEM

5. OBJECTIVES
STRUCTURAL ASPECTS
 Structure of an ecosystem
 Abiotic & Biotic components
 INORGANIC AND ORGANIC Components
 PRODUCERS
 MACRO-CONSUMERS

6. STRUCTURE OF ECOSYSTEM
Structure of an ecosystem can be divided in to two
groups:-
i. Abiotic Component
ii. Biotic Components Structure of
Ecosystem
Abiotic
component
Biotic
component

7. ABIOTIC & BIOTIC COMPONENTS
ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
 These are the all non-living
components of the
ecosystem.
 Ex:-soil, air, temperature,
etc, etc………A
BIOTIC COMPONENTS
 These are the all living
organism of the ecosystem.
 EX:- Plants , animals,
humans etc………

8. BIOTIC STRUCTURE
Biotic components are divided into two groups:-
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Biotic
Structure
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs

9. Autotrophs & Heterotrophs
AUTOTROPHS
o They are the green plants &
produce their own food.
o They transform solar energy
into chemical energy
consisting of organic
compound.
HETEROTROPHS
 They are the organism
which depends on plants for
their food
 They cannot prepare their
own food.

10. PRODUCERS,CONSUMERS AND
DECOMPOSER

11. OBJECTIVES
From this slides u will come to know:-
What are Producers, Consumers, and
decomposer…
Herbivorous animals, carnivorous animals

12. PRODUCERS
• These are the autotrophic organism(plants).
• They Prepare their own food.
• Ex:- Plants.

13. CONSUMERS
Consumers are the hetrotrophic organism.
They cannot prepare their own food.
They dependent on autotrophs for their food.
Consumer includes all herbivores, carnivores
and omnivores
Ex:-Rabbit, Goats etc

14. HERBIVOROUS AND CARNIVOROUS
Herbivorous
• Herbivorous are those
animal which only eat
plants or which only
depends on
(Producers).
• Ex:-Goat , Elephant
etc….
Carnivorous
• Herbivorous are those
animal which only eat
flash or meat
• Ex:-Tiger, Fox etc…

15. DECOMPOSERS
 Decomposer also hetertrophs organism.
 They take their food or nutrients from dead bodies or
dead parts of animals
 EX:- Worms, insects, fungi etc…..

16. TROPHIC LEVELS
Herbivores
Primary
carnivores
Secondary
carnivores

17. THANK YOU