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Kepler-22b is the first exoplanet discovered that could potentially support life. It is located 600 light-years from Earth orbiting the star Kepler-22. Scientists estimate that if it had an atmosphere similar to Earth's, its average surface temperature would be 22°C, making liquid water possible. The Kepler Space Telescope discovered Kepler-22b in 2011 by measuring the dips in brightness of its host star as the planet transited in front of it.
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Solution
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constellation and analyzed the light from the 156,000 stars in its field of view. The published
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zones with a larger radius. The possibility of liquid water is the main criterion for whether a
planet is suitable for life. The detection of water around a planet is detected via spectroscopy..
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- Kepler has found many Earth-sized planets and planets in the habitable zones of their stars, but more remain to be discovered.
- A new K2 mission continues Kepler's exoplanet search, looking in different areas of the sky.
lecture29
1. In 1995, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz directly discovered the first exoplanet orbiting the star 51 Pegasi b, for which they were later awarded the Nobel Prize in 2019.
2. There are now over 4000 known exoplanets that have been discovered, showing that our solar system is not unique in having planets.
3. The three main methods for detecting exoplanets are: measuring the Doppler effect of stars, detecting planetary transits that dim starlight, and directly imaging exoplanets.
The Beginning of the Universe
The document provides information about several theories of the origin and evolution of the universe and solar system. It discusses the Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe began in an extremely hot and dense state and has been expanding ever since. It also describes theories for how the sun, planets, and natural satellites formed, such as the nebular hypothesis which suggests they formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust. The document then gives details about the properties of planets in our solar system as well as dwarf planets like Pluto.
Rare Earth Hypothesis
The document summarizes the Rare Earth Hypothesis, which argues that the emergence of complex life on Earth required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geophysical events. It outlines various finely tuned parameters needed for a planet to support life, including properties of the star, planet, atmosphere, water, and biochemistry. The probability of these factors aligning on a planet is estimated to be as low as 1 in 1024, suggesting that complex life is uniquely rare in the universe.
NASA Finds Earth's Cousin
NASA's Kepler space telescope has found the 12th potentially habitable Earth-like planet called Kepler-425b.
Jupiter - The gas giant - 2012-11-06
Introduction to Planetary Geoscience Project presentation of Aritra Sarkar at Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
Tues solar system
This document contains a variety of questions and information about the Scientific Revolution in the 1600s including:
1) It discusses Descartes' view that the only thing we can prove is our own existence.
2) It provides information about the geocentric and heliocentric models of the solar system and names key figures like Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler who advanced the heliocentric theory.
3) It discusses the Catholic Church's condemnation in 1616 of the ideas that the sun is the center of the world and that the earth moves, based on their view that these ideas contradicted scripture.
MYSTERY BEHIND SPACE EXPLORATION IN PPT
This document discusses applying Winkler's method to determine dissolved oxygen levels on exoplanets to introduce microbial life. It proposes introducing aerobic microbes if oxygen levels are high or anaerobic archaebacteria if oxygen is low. Winkler's method is commonly used to measure dissolved oxygen in fisheries, aquaculture, shrimp farming, and assessing the health of lakes. The document emphasizes the importance of dissolved oxygen for life and considering the possibility of life existing beyond Earth.
Kepler earth size
The Kepler space telescope has discovered the first two Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting a star called Kepler-20. The smaller planet, Kepler-20e, is around the size of Venus and orbits every 6 days. The larger planet, Kepler-20f, is around the size of Earth and orbits every 20 days. These discoveries mark an important milestone for finding planets similar in size to Earth outside our solar system.
Sept
NASA's Kepler mission has discovered the first definitive circumbinary planet, Kepler-16b, orbiting two stars 200 light years from Earth. This confirms theories that planets can form around binary star systems, greatly increasing the potential for life in the galaxy. Kepler-16b is a cold, gaseous planet similar in size to Saturn that orbits its two stars every 229 days. While not habitable, its discovery demonstrates the diversity of planetary systems and confirms a new class that could potentially harbor life.
Advancement of solar system
This document discusses the exploration and discovery of planets, moons, and dwarf planets within our solar system. It describes findings such as the presence of liquid methane on Titan, Saturn's largest moon, and sedimentary rocks on Mars that indicate ancient water. It outlines plans for human colonization of Mars by 2027 through the Mars One program. Additionally, it provides details on dwarf planets such as Ceres, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris, and discusses the first exoplanet discovered in the habitable zone of a sun-like star, Kepler-22b.
PodHandler.pptx
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1. The Kepler space telescope detects planets and planet candidates .pdf
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The document describes the bilingual project at a Spanish secondary school. It introduces the project's main objective of improving students' communicative competence in English. It discusses teaching methodology which includes the use of English textbooks, vocabulary lists, visual aids, and activities to practice listening, reading comprehension, and reviewing content. Evaluation focuses on assessing subject content mastery, and students are motivated to recognize their progress and continue improving. The conclusion states the bilingual project provides students a great opportunity to enhance their English skills and receive a well-rounded education to prepare them for the globalized 21st century world.
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The document discusses four religious-military orders in Spain:
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This document summarizes 10 medieval inventions that changed the world: 1) the mechanical clock, which allowed for accurate time measurement and changed work schedules; 2) the printing press, which enabled mass book production; 3) gunpowder, which revolutionized warfare; 4) water and wind mills, which harnessed natural energy; 5) banknotes, a precursor to modern paper currency; 6) cafes, which became popular social spaces; and 7) glasses, which corrected vision problems. Overall, while the Middle Ages had difficulties, it was also a period of important inventions that helped advance humanity.
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The Christmas Truce of 1914 was an unofficial ceasefire between British and German troops that occurred along portions of the Western Front around Christmas. Soldiers sang Christmas carols to each other across the trenches, then emerged to exchange gifts and food. They mingled in no man's land, buried their dead together, and even played a friendly football match. However, the truce only lasted for one day and the soldiers returned to fighting the next, as their commanders disapproved of the fraternization between enemies.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 1. KEPLER -22B By: María Fanjul & Daniel Fernández
- 2. WHAT´S KEPLER-22B? • Kepler-22b is an extrasolar planet orbiting around the star Kepler-22. • It is about 600 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. • It was discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope in December 2011.
- 3. WHAT ABOUT ITS (POSSIBLE) CLIMATE?• Scientists can estimate the possible surface conditions as follows: • In the absence of an atmosphere, its equilibrium of temperature would be approximately 262 K (−11 °C). • If the atmosphere provides a greenhouse effect similar in magnitude to the one on Earth, it would have an average surface temperature of 295 K (22 °C). • If the atmosphere has a greenhouse effect similar in magnitude to the one on Venus, it would have an average surface temperature of 733 K (460 °C).
- 4. WHY IS IT SO IMPORTANT? • It´s the first exoplanet that has been discovered. • An exoplanet is a planet with the same characteristics of the Earth that allow life. Some of that characteristics are: • Greenhouse effect, which retains the heat of the host star. • The presence of liquid water. • A moderate temperature. • Gases of the atmosphere. • An average distance of the host star of (more or less) 1.500.000 kilometres.
- 5. HOW DID THE NASA DISCOVER IT? • Kepler telescope discovers planets and planet candidates by measuring dips in the brightness of stars. • "Fortune smiled upon us with the detection of this planet," said William Borucki, Kepler principal investigator at NASA.
- 7. GLOSSARY Extrasolar: extrasolar Surface conditions: condiciones de la superficie Absence: ausencia Magnitude: magnitud Greenhouse effect: efecto invernadero Host star: estrella anfitriona Exoplanet: exoplaneta Allows life: permite la vida Dips: depresiones Planet candidates: posibles planetas Brightness: brillo Transit: tránsito Verify: verificar