World War 1 began on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918 with the signing of an armistice. All major English-speaking countries were embroiled in the war, which resulted in over 8.5 million lives lost. The immediate origins of the war can be traced back to the decisions made by statesmen and generals during the July Crisis of 1914, sparked by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife by a Serbian nationalist.
13 Fintech Startups to Watch in 2017 | Ajay NagpalAjay Nagpal
Ajay Nagpal identifies thirteen fintech startups that should be watched in 2017. Please visit Ajay-Napal.com to learn more about fintech and financial literacy.
Think cover letters don't matter? Think again. Learn how recruiters really evaluate them, based on my experience hiring at LinkedIn and startups.
Learn more at www.breakinto.tech
T minus 10 - Rocket Scientist Livingston HolderDylan Taylor
T minus 10 interview series by space industry leader Dylan Taylor. This episode features NASA qualified Astronaut and rocket scientist, Livingston Holder.
We talk a lot about how communication has changed from the Mad Men era until today’s digitally driven consumer interaction. But what’s next for the advertising industry that many of us love (and a lot of us love to hate)?
13 Fintech Startups to Watch in 2017 | Ajay NagpalAjay Nagpal
Ajay Nagpal identifies thirteen fintech startups that should be watched in 2017. Please visit Ajay-Napal.com to learn more about fintech and financial literacy.
Think cover letters don't matter? Think again. Learn how recruiters really evaluate them, based on my experience hiring at LinkedIn and startups.
Learn more at www.breakinto.tech
T minus 10 - Rocket Scientist Livingston HolderDylan Taylor
T minus 10 interview series by space industry leader Dylan Taylor. This episode features NASA qualified Astronaut and rocket scientist, Livingston Holder.
We talk a lot about how communication has changed from the Mad Men era until today’s digitally driven consumer interaction. But what’s next for the advertising industry that many of us love (and a lot of us love to hate)?
It is time to start thinking about your health, your life plan, and your progress toward your goals and well-being. An organized plan for a healthy year.
Want to land a sweet tech job? But not sure how to break in? Discover the seven secrets that took me from teaching kindergarten to landing jobs at Apple, LinkedIn, and startups!
Overview of temples
The name Khajuraho is derived from its Sanskrit nomenclature ‘Kharjuravahaka’ which is the confluence of two Sanskrit words ‘Kharjur’ meaning date palm and ‘Vahaka’ meaning bearer. There are about 25 temples spread over an area of approximately 6 square Km. The temples are grouped into three categories depending on their orientation – the Western Group of Temples, the Eastern Group of Temples and the Southern Group of Temples. These temples are dedicated to several Hindu Gods and Goddesses along with deities in Jain beliefs. Among the temples that are standing till now, 6 are dedicated to Lord Shiva, 8 to Lord Vishnu, 1 each to Lord Ganesha and the Sun God, while 3 are dedicated to Jain Tirthankaras. The largest of the temples is the Kandariya Mahadeo Temple that is dedicated to the glory of lord Shiva. It makes Khajuraho one of the four holy sites dedicated to the glory of Lord Shiva, the other three being Gaya, Kashi and Kedarnath.
My Session on Quantum Computing at Geeky Night Coimbatore at ThoughtWorks Campus. This material covers the fundamentals of Quantum Computing and Emerging Concepts and Platforms related to Quantum Computing. It also touches upon how Quantum Computing influences the world of Blockchain. It covers emerging paradigms such as Topological Quantum Computing and Holonomic Quantum Computing.
Meeting and event planners are the movie producers of the corporate world. What you do has the power to educate, empower and inspire people. Your work isn’t just a line item, it’s essential to helping your company achieve its organizational objectives. In this session, you’ll learn about the newest technology, team-building, meeting design and food and beverage trends.
Learner objectives:
1. Understand the essential steps required for any successful meeting.
2. Discover tech tools that expedite the planning process.
3. Learn how new trends in meeting design, technology, team-building and F&B can be incorporated into meetings & events.
Have questions about this presentation? We'll be moderating a LIVE Q&A on Twitter on May 5, 2015 at 1pm CT/2pm ET. Tweet questions to @PYMLive and tag with #IAAPAPW.
This presentation was created as a gift to the members of IAAP in honor of Administrative Professionals Week. For more on-demand learning, or to find in-depth sessions mentioned in this presentation, visit http://iaap-hq.org.
For more articles on how to plan meetings and events, visit http://planyourmeetings.com - where subscriptions and great ideas are free.
Design Thinking methods lately have been used in a much broader aspect than what's been thought before.
Corporates, Organizations and even Governments have discovered the power of design in solving what's labeled as the "wicked problems" by applying design thinking methods solving those problems, and have shown really great success in that.
They are using Design methods in Business sectors, Public sectors and even in Policy Making in some European countries like the UK and Denmark.
That explains alot about why American bank Capital One acquires a specialized Design Consultancy like Adaptive path, and why IBM are investing 100 Million Dollars hiring 1,000 Designers globally.
Whether it is your business, your home or your automobiles, none of your properties are away from the reach of the intruders. Until and unless you take some major steps for their security, you cannot expect them to be safe. Find out some important and easy ways to safeguard your home.
MELLIZOS DE PADRES DIFERENTES - MEDICINA CLARA VIH Y SIDA TODO LO QUE NECESIT...Alfredo Moscoso
MELLIZOS DE PADRES DIFERENTES - MEDICINA CLARA VIH Y SIDA TODO LO QUE NECESITA SABER - SIDA 92 – 95 / ELISA/ inmunotransferencia para VIH - MARÍA MEJÍA - MARÍA CAROLINA DEL REAL
College Basketball Tournament Season is here! Luker On Trends and SSRS have put together an inside look on Tournament Trends over the past two decades. Take a look at our latest infographic and report!
It is time to start thinking about your health, your life plan, and your progress toward your goals and well-being. An organized plan for a healthy year.
Want to land a sweet tech job? But not sure how to break in? Discover the seven secrets that took me from teaching kindergarten to landing jobs at Apple, LinkedIn, and startups!
Overview of temples
The name Khajuraho is derived from its Sanskrit nomenclature ‘Kharjuravahaka’ which is the confluence of two Sanskrit words ‘Kharjur’ meaning date palm and ‘Vahaka’ meaning bearer. There are about 25 temples spread over an area of approximately 6 square Km. The temples are grouped into three categories depending on their orientation – the Western Group of Temples, the Eastern Group of Temples and the Southern Group of Temples. These temples are dedicated to several Hindu Gods and Goddesses along with deities in Jain beliefs. Among the temples that are standing till now, 6 are dedicated to Lord Shiva, 8 to Lord Vishnu, 1 each to Lord Ganesha and the Sun God, while 3 are dedicated to Jain Tirthankaras. The largest of the temples is the Kandariya Mahadeo Temple that is dedicated to the glory of lord Shiva. It makes Khajuraho one of the four holy sites dedicated to the glory of Lord Shiva, the other three being Gaya, Kashi and Kedarnath.
My Session on Quantum Computing at Geeky Night Coimbatore at ThoughtWorks Campus. This material covers the fundamentals of Quantum Computing and Emerging Concepts and Platforms related to Quantum Computing. It also touches upon how Quantum Computing influences the world of Blockchain. It covers emerging paradigms such as Topological Quantum Computing and Holonomic Quantum Computing.
Meeting and event planners are the movie producers of the corporate world. What you do has the power to educate, empower and inspire people. Your work isn’t just a line item, it’s essential to helping your company achieve its organizational objectives. In this session, you’ll learn about the newest technology, team-building, meeting design and food and beverage trends.
Learner objectives:
1. Understand the essential steps required for any successful meeting.
2. Discover tech tools that expedite the planning process.
3. Learn how new trends in meeting design, technology, team-building and F&B can be incorporated into meetings & events.
Have questions about this presentation? We'll be moderating a LIVE Q&A on Twitter on May 5, 2015 at 1pm CT/2pm ET. Tweet questions to @PYMLive and tag with #IAAPAPW.
This presentation was created as a gift to the members of IAAP in honor of Administrative Professionals Week. For more on-demand learning, or to find in-depth sessions mentioned in this presentation, visit http://iaap-hq.org.
For more articles on how to plan meetings and events, visit http://planyourmeetings.com - where subscriptions and great ideas are free.
Design Thinking methods lately have been used in a much broader aspect than what's been thought before.
Corporates, Organizations and even Governments have discovered the power of design in solving what's labeled as the "wicked problems" by applying design thinking methods solving those problems, and have shown really great success in that.
They are using Design methods in Business sectors, Public sectors and even in Policy Making in some European countries like the UK and Denmark.
That explains alot about why American bank Capital One acquires a specialized Design Consultancy like Adaptive path, and why IBM are investing 100 Million Dollars hiring 1,000 Designers globally.
Whether it is your business, your home or your automobiles, none of your properties are away from the reach of the intruders. Until and unless you take some major steps for their security, you cannot expect them to be safe. Find out some important and easy ways to safeguard your home.
MELLIZOS DE PADRES DIFERENTES - MEDICINA CLARA VIH Y SIDA TODO LO QUE NECESIT...Alfredo Moscoso
MELLIZOS DE PADRES DIFERENTES - MEDICINA CLARA VIH Y SIDA TODO LO QUE NECESITA SABER - SIDA 92 – 95 / ELISA/ inmunotransferencia para VIH - MARÍA MEJÍA - MARÍA CAROLINA DEL REAL
College Basketball Tournament Season is here! Luker On Trends and SSRS have put together an inside look on Tournament Trends over the past two decades. Take a look at our latest infographic and report!
We talk a lot about how the communication industry has changed from the Mad Men era until today’s digitally driven consumer interaction. But what’s next for this industry that many of us love (and a lot of us love to hate)?
Discover the power of introversion and how it can benefit you in our mini book, 'What is Introversion and Why It Can Be Your Advantage.' In this concise and insightful guide, we delve into the world of introversion, exploring its meaning, characteristics, and the unique strengths it brings to individuals.
This mini book features a short test to help you gauge your level of introversion, allowing you to gain a better understanding of yourself. Additionally, we provide a curated list of useful links and resources for further exploration and self-reflection.
Explore the advantages of introversion, such as deep reflection and insight, focused concentration, meaningful connections, independent thinking, and the ability to recharge through self-rejuvenation. Embrace your introverted nature and harness its power to enhance your personal and professional life.
Whether you are an introvert seeking validation and guidance or an extrovert interested in understanding introversion better, 'What is Introversion and Why It Can Be Your Advantage' offers valuable insights and practical knowledge. Discover how introversion can be a valuable asset in a world that often celebrates extroversion.
Unlock the potential of introversion and gain a new perspective on your unique strengths. Dive into this enlightening mini book today and unleash the power of introversion!
Disclaimer: Please note that this mini book is intended for informational and entertainment purposes only. For a more comprehensive understanding of introversion and to explore your individual traits, it is recommended to consult a certified specialist or psychologist https://cases.media/en/article/best-side-hustles-for-introverts-how-to-make-some-extra-money-if-you-are-shy-and-not-too-sociable
Understanding Focault's Concept of Power Through the 1975 EmergencySiddhanth Nadkarni
It has often been argued that Western political templates do not apply to Indian Polity. While that is absolutely true for the most part, this is one instance where I believe some congruence can be found. I hope the post is insightful
Magnificent Bharat- Journey Through Ancient Monuments.pdfSamirsinh Parmar
Magnificent Bharat;
Temples of India;
Temple architecture;
Spiritual centers of Bharat;
Pilgrimage places of India;
Religious centers;
Center of Shraddha;
Ancient Indian Temples;
Krishna Neha Aggarwal.
Optimize Your Vehicle’s Fuel EfficiencyAmanda Bell
With the expense of diesel fuel climbing in recent times, right here are some methods to optimize your vehicle’s fuel efficiency.
Source: https://pacificpetroleum101.wordpress.com/2021/04/12/optimize-your-vehicles-fuel-efficiency/
Simone Puorto. 2024 Odissea nel Travel Il Ruolo della GenAI nell’Universo Tur...Simone Puorto
La discussione inizia con un'attenta esplorazione del ruolo della GenAI nel fornire raccomandazioni di viaggio iper-personalizzate, adattando gli itinerari per corrispondere alle preferenze individuali e ai modelli di dati storici. Inoltre, si addentra nella competenza della GenAI nel superare le barriere linguistiche, offrendo servizi di traduzione in tempo reale che migliorano la comunicazione e l'immersione culturale per i viaggiatori internazionali. Lo speech prosegue svelando il settore emergente delle esperienze di turismo virtuale, potenziate dalla GenAI, che permettono ai turisti di esplorare destinazioni attraverso simulazioni vivide prima delle loro visite effettive. Questo segmento sottolinea il potenziale di queste tecnologie di democratizzare il viaggio e offrire alternative sostenibili al turismo tradizionale. Inoltre, la presentazione evidenzia come la determinazione dinamica dei prezzi guidata dalla GenAI possa ottimizzare la redditività per i fornitori di servizi assicurando al contempo costi competitivi ed equi per i consumatori. Nel dominio del customer care, la presentazione dettaglia i modi in cui la GenAI può fornire un supporto superiore, disponibile 24 ore su 24, rispondendo alle richieste con un'efficienza e una precisione senza pari. Il relatore discuterà anche delle implicazioni di questi avanzamenti per l'occupazione e le competenze richieste nel panorama turistico in evoluzione. Lo speech mira a fornire una visione equilibrata, considerando non solo le opportunità, ma anche le considerazioni etiche e le sfide poste dall'integrazione della GenAI nel turismo, in un futuro in cui la GenAI agisce come catalizzatore per creare esperienze di viaggio più inclusive, personalizzate e sostenibili, rivoluzionando l'industria in modi che stiamo solo iniziando a comprendere.
I Quit. Next Steps to Take When Blinded by the Market.David Aferiat
The first wave of Big Data focused on the insight possible from the enormous amount of data our actions generate. The second wave will focus on how such insight leads to automated decisions. This presentation describes how Trade Ideas is riding this trend for better decisions when trading in the markets.
2024: A Travel Odyssey The Role of Generative AI in the Tourism UniverseSimone Puorto
This presentation examines how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is reshaping the travel sector. It discusses how AI-driven personalization offers unique travel suggestions, such as accommodations, activities, and dining, tailored to individual preferences. The speech also highlights AI's role in breaking language barriers making international travel more accessible through advanced translation tools. Another aspect is Meta-Travel, where GenAI, combined with Extended Reality, creates virtual previews of destinations. The talk also covers AI's influence on revenue and yield management through dynamic pricing models and its application in customer support with round-the-clock AI chatbots. The overall theme of the speech is the transformative potential of GenAI in travel, enhancing planning, experiences, sustainability, and safety. It underscores how this technology can lead to personalized, enriching journeys, marking a new era in travel innovation and exploration.
Summaries of recent 2018 tweets about language with notes made by AS students about what details could be used in an exam polemic for the OCR English language AS exam Paper 2 Question 1: 'Writing about a topical language issue'
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Basic phrases for greeting and assisting costumers
1910s
1. K I R S T Y C L A R K E
20th Century Language
1910-1919
2. 2 8 J U L Y 1 9 1 4 M A R K E D T H E B E G I N N I N G O F
W O R L D W A R I . T H I S L A S T E D U N T I L 1 1
N O V E M B E R 1 9 1 8 , W H E N T H E A R M I S T I C E
W A S S I G N E D .
A R M I S T I C E : ‘ A T E M P O R A R Y S U S P E N S I O N
O F H O S T I L I T I E S B Y A G R E E M E N T O F T H E
W A R R I N G P A R T I E S ; T R U C E . ’
A L L M A J O R E N G L I S H S P E A K I N G
C O U N T R I E S H A D B E E N E M B R O I L E D I N
T H E W A R ; O V E R 8 . 5 M I L L I O N L I V E S W E R E
L O S T .
T H E I M M E D I A T E O R I G I N S O F T H E W A R ,
L A Y I N T H E D E C I S I O N S T A K E N B Y
S T A T E S M E N A N D G E N E R A L S D U R I N G T H E
J U L Y C R I S I S O F 1 9 1 4 , I N W H I C H T H E
A R C H D U K E F R A N Z F E R D I N A N D A N D H I S
W I F E S O P H I E , W E R E A S S A S S I N A T E D B Y
G A V R I L O P R I N C I P , A N E T H N I C S E R B A N D
Y U G O S L A V N A T I O N A L I S T F R O M T H E
G R O U P ‘ Y O U N G B O S N I A ’ , W H I C H W A S
S U P P O R T E D B Y T H E ‘ B L A C K H A N D ’ , A
N A T I O N A L I S T O R G A N I Z A T I O N I N S E R B I A .
War
3. B E F O R E T H E O U T B R E A K O F W A R ,
P O L I T I C A L U N R E S T H A D C A M E T O A
H E A D I N L O N D O N . T H E
S U F F R A G E T T E S , T H E I R I S H ' H O M E
R U L E ' M O V E M E N T A N D T R A D E
U N I O N S A L L A G I T A T E D F O R
C H A N G E , S O M E T I M E S W I T H
V I O L E N C E . I N 1 9 1 8 S O M E P O L I T I C A L
D E M A N D S W E R E M E T T H R O U G H T H E
R E P R E S E N T A T I O N O F T H E P E O P L E
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W O R K I N G M E N A N D W O M E N O V E R
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1 9 1 8 - W O M E N C O U L D N O W V O T E .
M A U D A R N C L I F F E S E N N E T W A S
A S I G N I F I C A N T F I G U R E I N T H E
W O M E N ’ S S U F F R A G E M O V E M E N T
A N D C O M P O S E D T H E L E T T E R
‘ W H Y I W A N T T H E V O T E . ’
T H E S O U R C E S H O W N I S T A K E N F R O M
T H E V O T E , A J O U R N A L P U B L I S H E D
B Y T H E W O M E N ' S F R E E D O M
L E A G U E . I N I T , M A U D A R N C L I F F E
S E N N E T T C L E A R L Y O U T L I N E S H E R
M O T I V E S F O R C A M P A I G N I N G F O R
T H E V O T E .
Political Events
4. L O T S O F F O O D W A S S E N T A W A Y T O
F E E D T H E S O L D I E R S F I G H T I N G I N T H E
W A R . T H E R E W A S A L S O L E S S F O O D
A R R I V I N G F R O M O T H E R C O U N T R I E S
B E C A U S E S H I P S B R I N G I N G S U P P L I E S
W E R E O F T E N A T T A C K E D B Y G E R M A N
S U B M A R I N E S C A L L E D U - B O A T S .
F O O D B E C A M E V E R Y E X P E N S I V E .
P E O P L E P A N I C K E D A N D S O O N T H E R E
W E R E V E R Y L O N G Q U E U E S O U T S I D E
S H O P S .
S C H O O L D I N N E R S W E R E I N T R O D U C E D
B E C A U S E L O T S O F C H I L D R E N W E R E
M I S S I N G S C H O O L T O Q U E U E F O R F O O D .
M O T H E R S A L S O Q U E U I N G H A D N ' T T I M E
T O C O O K D I N N E R A N D C H I L D R E N W E R E
G O I N G H U N G R Y .
G O V E R N M E N T P O S T E R S E N C O U R A G E D
F A M I L I E S T O S A V E F O O D S O T H E R E
W O U L D B E M O R E T O F E E D T H E
S O L D I E R S F I G H T I N G .
Economy
5. • 1 9 1 1 S I D N E Y S T R E E T S I E G E S E E S T H E D E A T H O F 3
' A L I E N ' A N A R C H I S T S . T H E S I E G E O F S I D N E Y S T R E E T ,
P O P U L A R L Y K N O W N A S T H E " B A T T L E O F S T E P N E Y " , W A S
A N O T O R I O U S G U N F I G H T I N L O N D O N ' S E A S T E N D O N 3
J A N U A R Y 1 9 1 1 .
• P R E C E D E D B Y T H E H O U N D S D I T C H M U R D E R S , I T E N D E D
W I T H T H E D E A T H S O F T W O M E M B E R S O F A
P O L I T I C A L L Y M O T I V A T E D G A N G O F B U R G L A R S A N D
I N T E R N A T I O N A L A N A R C H I S T S S U P P O S E D L Y L E D B Y
P E T E R P I A T K O W , A . K . A . " P E T E R T H E P A I N T E R " , A N D
S P A R K E D A M A J O R P O L I T I C A L R O W O V E R T H E
I N V O L V E M E N T O F T H E T H E N H O M E S E C R E T A R Y ,
W I N S T O N C H U R C H I L L .
• 1 9 1 8 F L U E P I D E M I C K I L L S O V E R 3 , 0 0 0 L O N D O N E R S A
W E E K . T H E 1 9 1 8 F L U P A N D E M I C ( J A N U A R Y 1 9 1 8 –
D E C E M B E R 1 9 2 0 ) W A S A N U N U S U A L L Y D E A D L Y
I N F L U E N Z A P A N D E M I C , T H E F I R S T O F T H E T W O
P A N D E M I C S I N V O L V I N G H 1 N 1 I N F L U E N Z A V I R U S .
Society
6. D I S A S T E R S - S I N K I N G O F T H E T I T A N I C , T H E
T I T A N I C S E T S S A I L O N H E R M A I D E N V O Y A G E
F R O M S O U T H A M P T O N T O N E W Y O R K . T H E
T I T A N I C H A D B E E N D E S C R I B E D A S T H E
W O R L D S M O S T L U X U R I O U S F L O A T I N G H O T E L
W H I C H I S U N S I N K A B L E , A N D W A S O N L Y 5 D A Y S
O U T W H E N S H E H I T A N I C E B E R G A N D S A N K I N
T H E A T L A N T I C W I T H T H E L O S S O F M A N Y
L I V E S . T H E T I T A N I C W A S B U I L T I N B E L F A S T
( B E T W E E N 1 9 0 9 A N D 1 9 1 1 ) A N D R E G I S T E R E D I N
L I V E R P O O L I N 1 9 1 2 . L I V E R P O O L W A S T H E
H O M E P O R T , A L T H O U G H S H E N E V E R E N T E R E D
I T . T H E W H I T E S T A R L I N E R L E F T B E L F A S T O N
A P R I L 2 N D , 1 9 1 2 A N D A R R I V E D I N
S O U T H A M P T O N O N A P R I L 4 T H . T H E C R E W H A D
B O A R D E D B E F O R E D A W N O N A P R I L 1 0 T H , A N D
T H E P A S S E N G E R S B E T W E E N 9 . 3 0 A N D 1 1 . 3 0
A . M . S H E L E F T P O R T A T A R O U N D 2 P . M . A N D
A R R I V E D I N Q U E E N S T O W N , I R E L A N D B E F O R E
C R O S S I N G T H E A T L A N T I C . S H E S T R U C K A N
I C E B E R G O N S U N D A Y , A P R I L 1 4 T H , A N D T H E
S H I P ' S D I S T R E S S S I G N A L G A V E H E R P O S I T I O N
A S L A T I T U D E 4 1 º 4 6 ' N A N D L O N G I T U D E 5 0 º 1 4
W . 1 9 1 2
F I R S T N O N - S T O P A I R F L I G H T F R O M L O N D O N
T O P A R I S . 7 / 3 / 1 9 1 2 . H E N R I S E M I E T M A D E T H E
F I R S T N O N - S T O P F L I G H T F R O M L O N D O N T O
P A R I S , T A K I N G T H R E E H O U R S .
Technology
7. T H E M A S S - S L A U G H T E R , H O R R E N D O U S C O N D I T I O N S I N T H E
T R E N C H E S , A N D D E T A I L E D C O V E R A G E F R O M T H E P R E S S C A U S E D
A N E X P L O S I O N O F N E W V O C A B U L A R Y I N T O T H E E N G L I S H
L A N G U A G E . T H E D E M A N D F O R N E O L O G I S M S W A S E X T R E M E ;
W O R D S D E V E L O P E D F R O M M A N Y A R E A S O F T H E S P E C T R U M O F
W A R F A R E . N E W W E A P O N S , T R E N C H A I L M E N T S A N D M I L I T A R Y
A I R C R A F T A L L I N F L U E N C E D N E W T E R M S . T H E U N P R E C E D E N T E D
L E V E L S O F C I V I L I A N I N V O L V E M E N T A L S O P L A Y E D I T S P A R T I N
E X P A N D I N G A N D D E V E L O P I N G T H E E N G L I S H L E X I C O N .
How did these events influence our
language
8. T R E N C H F O O T
M U S T A R D G A S
P I P S Q U E A K S
W H I Z Z B A N G S
S T R A F E D
C R E E P I N G B A R R A G E S
L E W I S G U N
S H E L L H O L E S
G A S G A N G R E N E
B A S K E T - C A S E S
A M P U T E E S
A I R W A R F A R E
D O G F I G H T S
S P I K E - B O Z Z L E
A E R I A L R E C O N A I S S A N C E
A I R P O R T
T A X I
B U S
A I R S T A T I O N
C U T H B E R T & P E R C Y ( N I C K N A M E S F O R P E O P L E W H O C H O S E N O T T O F I G H T )
H O M E F R O N T
W A R E F F O R T
K L A X O N
J A Y W A L K E R S
T R A F F I C J A M
C O N V E R T I B L E
S C I E N T I F I C C O I N A G E S : I S O T O P O E , N U C L E U S , S P A C E - T I M E , R A D O N ,
S U P E R C O N D U C T O R S , C H R O M O S O M E , G E N E S A N D V I T A M I N S .
New words which entered our
vocabulary
9. F R O M T H I S V A R I E D V O C A B U L A R Y , W H I C H I N C O R P O R A T E S
F I E L D - S P E C I F I C L E X I S O F A S C I E N T I F I C A N D W A R - L I K E
N A T U R E , I C A N I N F E R T H A T T H E W A R H A D T H E B I G G E S T
I M P A C T O N O U R L A N G U A G E .
I T B R O U G H T W I T H I T , M A N Y N E W T E R M S W H I C H H A D
N E V E R B E E N H E A R D O F . F U R T H E R M O R E , L O T S O F
C O M P O U N D I N G O C C U R R E D , A S I D E N T I F I E D W I T H
W R I T E - O F F
A I R - P O S T
B A S K E T - C A S E
O N E - W A Y S T R E E T S
H O W E V E R , O U R S C I E N T I F I C U N D E R S T A N D I N G W A S A L S O
I M P R O V I N G A N D D E V E L O P I N G , C A U S I N G T H E L A N G U A G E T O
A D O P T N E W T E R M S O F A B I O L O G I C A L O R I E N T A T I O N .
What do these neologisms tell us
about the times?
Editor's Notes
This decade was dominated by the First World War. War broke out in 1914 and lasted for 4 years, much longer than anticipated. It brought Londoners their first ever experience of aerial bombing, identity cards and government regulations on food and drink. It halted new building projects but proved a catalyst of social change, particularly by bringing women more fully into the workforce.
All major english speaking countries had been embroiled in the war; over 8.5 million lives were lost.
The immediate origins of the war, lay in the decisions taken by statesmen and generals during the July crisis of 1914, in which the archduke franz ferdinand and his wife Sophie, were assassinated by gavrilo princip, an ethnic Serb and yugoslav nationalist from the group ‘young bosnia’, which was supported by the ‘black hand’, a nationalist organization in serbia.
1918- women could now vote. Maud arncliffe sennet was a significant figure in the women’s suffrage movement and composed the letter ‘why I want the vote.’ This source is taken from The Vote, a journal published by the Women's Freedom League. In it, Maud Arncliffe Sennett clearly outlines her motives for campaigning for the vote.
1919 the Cenotaph- The Cenotaph is the site of the annual National Service of Remembrance held at 11:00 am on Remembrance Sunday, the closest Sunday to 11 November (Armistice Day). From 1919 until 1945, the remembrance service was held on Armistice Day, but since 1945 it has been held on Remembrance Sunday.
Lots of food was sent away to feed the soldiers fighting in the war. There was also less food arriving from other countries because ships bringing supplies were often attacked by German submarines called U-boats.
Food became very expensive. People panicked and soon there were very long queues outside shops.
School dinners were introduced because lots of children were missing school to queue for food. Mothers also queuing hadn't time to cook dinner and children were going hungry.
Government posters encouraged families to save food so there would be more to feed the soldiers fighting.
In the countryside, many men and farm horses had been sent off to war. They were replaced by women who worked hard to grow the much-needed food. They called themselves 'The Women's Land Army'. Conscientious objectors (men who felt morally opposed to fighting) also worked the land.
Many children helped too, but without horses to pull the heavy ploughs it was really tough work.
'Don't waste it' In 1918, new laws set by the government introduced rationing, a way of sharing food fairly. Sugar, meat, flour, butter, margarine and milk were all rationed so that everyone got what they needed.
Each person had special ration cards, even King George and Queen Mary.
The cards could only be used at certain shops. Families had to say which butcher, baker and grocer they would buy food from.
The rules were very strict. Anyone found cheating could be fined or even sent to prison.
Before rationing, the government used posters like this one to discourage people from wasting food. Start Quote
Look well at the loaf on your breakfast table and treat it as if it were real gold because the British loaf is going to beat the German”
End Quote A wartime leaflet
Grow your own People grew fruit and vegetables in their own gardens too. Surplus produce was preserved as jam, pickles or chutney so there would be more to eat in the winter.
People were often hungry, but nobody starved.
What foods were rationed during the war?
Rationing was an idea which was not a popular with the British public. But as the war went on, food became scarcer and scarcer, and in 1918 the Government finally introduced rationing (2lb of meat, ½ lb sugar and ½ lb total fats each a week). War boosted employment in London's already large armaments factories. Woolwich Arsenal's workforce rose to 75,000, of whom 28,000 were women, brought in to the factory to replace men on military service. War also boosted London's new engineering firms making cars and aeroplanes. Handley Page's aeroplane factory at Barking had opened in 1909 as Britain's first such factory.
The economy (in terms of GDP) grew about 7% from 1914 to 1918 despite the absence of so many men in the services; by contrast the German economy shrank 27%. The War saw a decline of civilian consumption, with a major reallocation to munitions. The government share of GDP soared from 8% in 1913 to 38% in 1918 (compared to 50% in 1943).[6]
Despite fears in 1916 that munitions production was lagging, the output was more than adequate. The annual output of artillery grew from 91 guns in 1914 to 8039 in 1918. Warplanes soared from 200 in 1914 to 32,000 in 1918, while the production of machine guns went from 300 to 121,000.[7]
By 1916, Britain was funding most of the Empire's war expenditures, all of Italy's and two thirds of the war costs of France and Russia, plus smaller nations as well. The gold reserves, overseas investments and private credit then ran out forcing Britain to borrow $4 billion from the U.S. Treasury in 1917–18.[8] Shipments of American raw materials and food allowed Britain to feed itself and its army while maintaining her productivity. The financing was generally successful,[9] as the City's strong financial position minimized the damaging effects of inflation, as opposed to much worse conditions in Germany.[10] Overall consumer consumption declined 18% from 1914 to 1919.[11]
Trade unions were encouraged as membership grew from 4.1 million in 1914 to 6.5 million in 1918, peaking at 8.3 million in 1920 before relapsing to 5.4 million in 1923.[12] Women were available and many entered munitions factories and took other home front jobs vacated by men.[13]
Energy was a critical factor for the British war effort. Most of the energy supplies came from coal mines in Britain, where the issue was labour supply
After the war, manufacturing industry experienced a slump but continued to account for over half of London's jobs overall. Firms began to 'decentralise', moving out of the old industrial centre to new sites on London's edges. Park Royal in West London began to develop as a site for factory building.
