1. The document describes a 220kV substation in Firozabad, including its layout and main equipment. 2. The substation has a panel section containing control and relay panels, and a switchyard section with components like circuit breakers, isolators, transformers and lightning arrestors. 3. Key equipment discussed include transformers, current and voltage transformers, circuit breakers, isolators, lightning arrestors, wave traps and protective relays like Buchholz relays.

1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
SITAPUR ROAD, LUCKNOW- 226021
A PRESENTATION
ON
220KV Substation, Firozabad
Session: - 2015-2016
Presented By:-
SUNNY DAKSH
E.I. FINAL YEAR
1105232050

2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
INTRODUCTION
 GENERAL DISCUSSION ON SUB STATION
 FEEDERS
 Equipments :-
 Lightning arrester (L.A.)
 Capacitive voltage transformer
 Wave trap (PLCC)
 Isolator
 Instrument transformers :-C.T. & P.T.
 Circuit breaker :- definition & types
 Bus bar
 Power transformer:-introduction & main parts
 Protective relays :- introduction & Buchhloz relay
 SUMMARY

3. INTRODUCTION
 The creation of Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. (UPPCL) on January
14, 2000 is the result of power sector reforms and restructuring in UP
(India) which is the focal point of the Power Sector, responsible for planning
and managing the sector through its transmission, distribution and supply of
electricity.
 For efficient operation & management Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation
Limited (UPPCL) is further restructured into:-
 Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (DVVNL) - Agra Zone
 Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (MVVNL) – Lucknow Zone
 Pashchimanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PVVNL) - Meerut Zone
 Purvanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PUVVNL) - Varanasi Zone
 Kanpur Electricity Supply Company(KESCO) - Kanpur City
 Lucknow Electricity Supply Administration (LESA) - Lucknow City
 Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Limited (UPPTCL) - State Transmission Utility

4. SUBSTATION
Part of Electricity Generation
Transmission of Electricity
Distribution of Electricity
Voltage is Transform
High to Low or vice-versa using
Transformers
Ex.-400kV/220kV substation
220kV/132kV substation
132kV/33kV substation
33kV/11kV substation
33kV/.4kV substation

5. 220kV substation Firozabad
It is divided into two parts:-
A. Panel Section
 Control Panel Section
 Relay and Protection Panel Section
B. Switch Yard
 220kV Section
 132kV section
 33kV section
C. Battery Room (Extra)

6. A. Panel Section
It is a room which contains all types of panels.
It has two sections:-
 Control Panel Section
It contain panels related to controlling of
instruments. E.g.:- feeder panel, transformer
panel, etc.
 Relay And Protection Panel Section
It contains panels related to relay systems and
protection systems. E.g.:- Relay panel, line
protection panel, etc.

7. B. Switch Yard
It is the field where components used in controlling supply
and measuring supply(incoming and outgoing) are placed.
Some of these components are:-
 C.Bs
 Isolators
 C.Ts
 P.Ts
 L.As
 Transformers, etc.

8. CT
220 kV Incoming
from SHAMSABAD
& MAINPURI
LIGHTNING
ARRESTORS
CVT
WAVE TRAP
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
LINE
ISOLATOR BUS
PT with BUS
ISOLATOR
ISOLATOR
LA
LA with EARTH
SWITCH
132 kV
OUTPUT
ISOLATORS with
EARTH SWITCH
CT
CAPACITOR
BANK
MAIN
TRANSFORMER
PT with BUS
ISOLATOR
CB
ISOLATOR CT
CB
EQUIPMENTS
FLOW
SIMILAR TO
33kV
SIMILAR TO
11kV
(DITRIBUTION)

9. SHAMSHABAD-220 kV
MAINPURI-220 kV
FEEDERS
SHIKOHABAD-132 kV
BAH-132 kV
TUNDALA-132 kV
Ashafabad-33kV
Dabarai-33 kV
S.N. Hospital-33 kV
Hazaratpur-33 kV
By Pass-33 kV
Inds. Estate
firozabad-33 kV
220/132 kV SUB
STATION
FIROZABAD

10. -EQUIPMENTS -
LIGHTENING ARRESTER-
 Protect the Insulation & Conductors
of the system from damaging effect of
LIGHTNING

11. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
Step down extra high voltage signals.
Provide a low voltage signal.
For MEASUREMENT of voltage.
To operate a protective relay.

12. WAVE TRAP (PLCC)
POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION
Exchange of data and transfer of messages between substations.
WAVE TRAP-TRAPPING the unwanted waves.

13. ISOLATORS
 Used for completely DE-ENERGISED the electrical circuit for SERVICE or
MAINTENANCE.
 Separate the circuit at NO LOAD CONDITION.

14. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS are used for measurement and protective
applications together with equipments such as meters & relays
Types-
A) CURRENT TRANSFORMER B) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

15. CIRCUIT BREAKER
Automatically Operated ELECTRICAL SWITCH.
Designed to protect the ckt. from overload or SHORT
CKT.
Separate Healthy & Faulty Section of ckt.
Operate at ON LOAD Condition.

16. VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Vacuum circuit breakers are
circuit breakers which are
used to protect medium and
high voltage circuits from
dangerous electrical
situations
AIR-BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER
Fast operations ,suitability for
repeated operation , auto
reclosed , unit type multi break
constructions ,simple assembly ,
modest maintenance are some of
the main features of air blast
circuit breakers. A compressors
plant necessary to maintain high
air pressure in the air receiver.
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
A high-voltage circuit
breaker in which the arc is
drawn in oil to dissipate
the heat and extinguish
the arc; the intense heat of
the arc decomposes the oil
.
SULPAR HEXAFLUORIDE
CIRCUIT BREAKER (SF6)
Sulpharhexafluoride (SF6)
gas is used as the arc
quenching medium . The
SF6 is an electronegative
gas and has a strong
tendency to absorb free
electrons. Circuit breakers
have been developed for
voltage 115KV to 230KV ,
power rating10 MVA

17. BUS BAR
 A bus bar is a conducting bar that carries heavy currents to
supply several electric circuits.
 Made up of copper rod or thin walled tubes.
TYPES:-
- MAIN BUS BAR.
- AUXILIARY BUS BAR

18. POWERTRANSFORMER
A Static Device.
Transfer Power from One circuit to another circuit
No Change in FREQUENCY.
Principle-FARADAY ’s LAW of ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.
Types- 1. STEP UP TRANSFORMER::
O/P Voltage > I/P Voltage.
2. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER ::
O/P Voltage < I/P Voltage.

19. FIGURE of POWERTRANSFORMERs

20. PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
 core
 Winding(H.V winding, L.V winding, tertiary winding)
 transformer OILS
 PRESSURE RELIEF
VALVE
 BREATHER
 Conservator
 RADIATER
 Tap changer
 Tank

21. Protective Relay is a sensing device
and is designed to detect operating
conditions on an electric circuit.
It trips the circuit breaker when fault is
detected.
PROTECTIVE RELAYS
TYPESOFRELAY
 Overcurrent relay
 Differential relay
 Tripping relay
 Directional Relay
 Auxiliary Relay

22.  A gas actuated relay.
 it is installed in b/w the conservator and the main tank.
 PRINCIPLE:- Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformers, the oil of the tank gets
overheated and gases are generated. The heat generated by the high local current causes
the transformer oil to decompose and produce gas which can be used to detect the faults.
BUCHHOLZRELAY

23. BATTERY ROOM
 DC battery shell be installed in the power house for
 Emergency power.
 Protection.
 Alarm and indication.

24. TRANSFORMERS
Also known as the heart
of substations. These are
used to reduce the
voltages at appropriate
levels
CURRENT VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMERS
It is a used in power systems to
step down extra high
voltage signals and provide a low
voltage signal, for measurement
or to operate a protective relay
WAVETRAP
Traps the high frequency
signalsISOLATORS
Used for maintenance of
the circuit in no load
condition
CIRCUIT BREAKER
used to protect the
equipment by opening
the circuit for over
current and over voltages
LIGHTINING ARRESTER
Used for protecting the
equipment from surge
voltages
SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENTs
RELAY
Used to sense
the faults