A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a computer-based device used to automate industrial processes. PLCs can control machines and processes in many industries like manufacturing, food processing, HVAC, and more. PLCs use input and output modules to monitor and control discrete and analog signals from field devices. Common field devices include sensors, switches, valves, and drives. PLCs are programmed using ladder logic, function block diagrams, or other programming languages to automate the desired industrial process or equipment.
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems.
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems.
EBEES AUTOMATION PVT LTD is a wholly owned subsidiary of EBEES dedicated towards services and training of Automation, Embedded, Robotics & Matlab. In case of any query, please contact.
EBEES Automation Services Pvt Ltd
PLC boot camp training courses in Lahore Pakistan.pptxirfanakram32
There are two types of mechanical design for PLC systems. A single box or cube is a small programmable controller that fits all units and interfaces into one compact housing, although additional expansion modules for inputs and outputs are usually available. The second design type the modular PLC has a chassis (also called a rack) that provides space for modules with different functions.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
EBEES AUTOMATION PVT LTD is a wholly owned subsidiary of EBEES dedicated towards services and training of Automation, Embedded, Robotics & Matlab. In case of any query, please contact.
EBEES Automation Services Pvt Ltd
PLC boot camp training courses in Lahore Pakistan.pptxirfanakram32
There are two types of mechanical design for PLC systems. A single box or cube is a small programmable controller that fits all units and interfaces into one compact housing, although additional expansion modules for inputs and outputs are usually available. The second design type the modular PLC has a chassis (also called a rack) that provides space for modules with different functions.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
1. PLC Terminology and Application
• Programmable Logic Controller, also called a
PLC or programmable controller, is a
computer-type device used to control
equipment in an industrial facility
• PLC Applications: Process Control, HVAC
Control, Conveyor Systems, Food Processing
Machinery, Auto Assembly Lines, etc.
(Regulatory Control as well as Sequential
Control Systems)
14. Input/Output Systems
• Discrete Inputs/Outputs
• Analog Inputs/Outputs
• Special Purpose Modules
• Intelligent Modules
• Communication Modules
15. Discrete Signal Types
• Selector switches
• Temperature switches
• Flow switches
• Level switches
• Valve position switches
• Starter auxiliary contacts
• Pushbuttons
• Motor starter contacts
• Limit switches
• Pressure switches
• Hand switches
• Proximity switches
• Relay contacts
• Photoelectric sensors
• Anunciators
• Alarm lights
• Electric control relays
• Electric fans
• Indicating lights
• Electric valves
• Alarm horns
• Solenoid valves
• Motor starters
• Heater starters
16. Analog Devices
• Flow transmitters
• Pressure transmitters
• Temperature
transmitters
• Analytical transmitters
• Position transmitters
• Potentiometers
• Level transmitters
• Speed instruments
• Electric motor drives
• Analog meters
• Chart data recorders
• Process controllers
• Current-to-pneumatic
Transducers
• Electrical-operated
valve
• Variable speed drives
17. Special Purpose Modules
• Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Modules
– Provide parallel communication between the
processor and input/output devices
• Encoder/Counter Input Module
– Used for operations that require direct high speed
encoder input into a counter
• Pulse Counter Input Module
– Used to interface with field instruments that generate
pulse such as positive displacement (PD) flowmeters
and turbine type flowmeters
18. Intelligent Module
• Can perform complete processing functions, independent
of the CPU and the control program scan
• Thermocouple Input Module
– Designed to accept inputs directly from a thermocouple
– Provides cold junction compensation
• Stepping Motor Module
– Generates a pulse train that is compatible with stepping motor
translators that represent distance, speed, and direction
commands
• Control Loop Module (PID module)
– Used in continuous closed-loop where the proportionalintegral-
derivative (PID) control algorithm is required
19. Standard Languages
• Ladder Diagram (LD)
Uses a standardized set of ladder logic symbols
• Sequential Function Charts (SFC)
Blocks connected together like a circuit diagram
• Functional Block Diagram (FBD)
A graphical language used to describe sequential
operations
• Instruction List (IL)
Low level language
• Structured Text (ST)
High level structured language designed for automation
processes
20. Programming Devices
• Used to enter, store, and monitor the PLC software
• PC-based system
• Connected to the PLC only during :
– programming & testing
– startup
– troubleshooting
21. Ladder Diagram
• Representations of relay ladder diagrams
• The most widely used
• Composed of six categories of instructions
– Relay type
– Timer/counter
– Data manipulation
– Arithmetic
– Data transfer
– Program control
22. Sequential Function Charts (SFC)
• Represented as a set of well-defined steps, linked
by transitions
• Actions within the steps are detailed by using the
Structured Text language (ST)
23. Functional Block Diagram (FBD)
• Describes a relationship or function between input and output
variables
• Well suited for many applications involving the flow of information
or data between control components
• Allows the programmer to build complex control procedures
• Extensive function blocks library is provided
24. Instruction List (IL)
• Very effective for small simple applications or
for optimizing parts of an application
• A list of low level instructions
• Consists of standardized operators
– Data manipulation
– Arithmetic
– Branch instruction
25. Structured Text (ST)
• Used mainly to implement complex procedures
• Default language for the description of the actions
within steps and conditions attached to the transitions
of the SFC
• Statement types :
– assignment
– subprogram or function call
– “C” function block call
– Selection (if, then, else, case, etc)
– Iteration (for, while, repeat, etc)
– Control (return, exit, etc)
– Special