The document discusses the contingency approach to management. It states that the contingency approach, also known as the situational approach, stresses that the effectiveness of a managerial practice depends on how well it fits the particular situation. It describes some key aspects of the contingency approach, including that management must be adaptable to changes in the environment and match its approach to the specific requirements of the situation. The approach is based on an open systems perspective, research orientation, and multivariable analysis.
Decision making is a critical function of management. However, care needs to be taken to ensure that decisions are not taken on an emotional basis.
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Decision making is a critical function of management. However, care needs to be taken to ensure that decisions are not taken on an emotional basis.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/ZEcPAc
Control is the last function of management. Success or failure of planning depends on the success or failure of controlling.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/ZEcPAc
Control is the last function of management. Success or failure of planning depends on the success or failure of controlling.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/ZEcPAc
This power point is about contingency theory, one of some theories of leadership. Hope you guys find it useful. Email me if you have any question: dolphin.blue9x@gmail.com
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Attempt all the case questions. You are supposed to explain with scientific evidences
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CASE APPLICATION
Flight Plans
With a small year-round population, Branson, Missouri, is in a location not easily accessible by air service. The city, best known for its country music and music variety shows and family-style attractions, also has the kinds of outdoor activities that attracted more than 8 million visitors last year, “earning it the unofficial nickname ‘Vegas without the gambling.’” About 95 percent of those visitors come by car or bus. But now there’s a new show in town-the Branson Airport. The $155 million airport, which opened in May 2009, is an experiment that many people are watching.
The airport is generating interest from city governments and the travel industry because it’s the nation’s first commercial airport built and operated as a private, for-profit business with absolutely no government funding. As one expert said, “...unpretentious little Branson Airport could have an outsize effect it if works. It could turn what now is a mostly regional tourist spot into a national destination for tourists.”
Steve Peet, the airport’s chief executive, admits that he had no idea where Branson was in 2000. But by 2004, he was convinced there was money to be made flying tourists there. He says, “If you were ever going to think about building a private commercial airport, this would be the place to do it. How many more visitors would come here if we made it easier and affordable for them? It seemed like an incredible opportunity.” So, using private financing, he decided to build a new commercial airport a short distance south of Branson’s popular music shows district. Both Peet and Jeff Bourk, executive director of the airport, continue to tackle the managerial challenges of turning that dream into reality.
Construction work on the airport terminal and the 7,140-foot runway (which can accommodate most narrow-body jets) went smoothly. Bourk believed that much of that was due to minimal red tape. Because the airport wasn’t using federal assistance, it didn’t face the restrictions that accompany taking government money, which also meant it could pick and choose the airlines it allowed in. To attract those airlines, the airport agreed to not allow other competitors in. Also, the airport owners kept the airlines’ operating costs low since airport employees do much of the work usually done by an airline’s ground staff. Initially, the airport’s owners offered exclusive contracts to AirTran and Sun Country on certain routes to Branson. Now, Frontier Airlines and the newly-formed Branson AirExpress have added service. Mr. Peet emphasizes that they want the airlines to succeed. “We want to build real service, sustainable service.”
The airport earns money from landing fees (based on number of
Meaning of management, principles of management, Management schools/theories, Learning Organization, Japanese Management Techniques, Modern Management School.
Coronary restenosis refers to the re-narrowing or reoccurrence of blockage in a coronary artery that has previously been treated with a procedure such as angioplasty and stent placement. Angioplasty is a procedure used to open narrowed or blocked arteries by inflating a balloon-like device to widen the artery, and a stent may be placed to help keep the artery open.
Restenosis can occur when the artery becomes narrowed again due to various factors, including the growth of scar tissue inside the artery, inflammation, or the formation of new plaque. Restenosis can lead to recurrent symptoms of chest pain (angina) or other complications.
To help prevent restenosis, doctors may recommend lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, adopting a heart-healthy diet, exercising regularly, and taking medications to manage risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. In some cases, additional treatments or procedures may be necessary to address restenosis, such as repeat angioplasty, stent placement, or bypass surgery. It's essential for individuals who have undergone coronary artery procedures to follow their healthcare provider's recommendations for monitoring and managing their heart health to reduce the risk of restenosis.
Arrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms that can occur when the electrical impulses that coordinate the heartbeats are disrupted. There are different types of arrhythmias, including:
1. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): This is the most common type of arrhythmia and occurs when the heart's upper chambers (atria) beat irregularly and out of sync with the lower chambers (ventricles).
2. Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT): SVT is a fast heart rate originating above the ventricles, often in the atria.
3. Ventricular Tachycardia (VT): VT is a fast heart rate that starts in the heart's lower chambers (ventricles).
4. Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib): VFib is a life-threatening arrhythmia where the ventricles quiver instead of pumping blood effectively.
5. Bradycardia: This is a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute.
Arrhythmias can be caused by various factors, including heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, stress, certain medications, and structural abnormalities in the heart. Some arrhythmias may not cause any symptoms, while others can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting.
Treatment for arrhythmias depends on the type and severity of the condition. It may include lifestyle modifications, medications, medical procedures like cardioversion or ablation, or implantation of devices like pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) to help regulate the heart's rhythm.
If you experience symptoms of an arrhythmia or have been diagnosed with one, it's important to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan and management strategies to help control
Coronary restenosis refers to the re-narrowing or reoccurrence of blockage in a coronary artery that has previously been treated with a procedure such as angioplasty and stent placement. Angioplasty is a procedure used to open narrowed or blocked arteries by inflating a balloon-like device to widen the artery, and a stent may be placed to help keep the artery open.
Restenosis can occur when the artery becomes narrowed again due to various factors, including the growth of scar tissue inside the artery, inflammation, or the formation of new plaque. Restenosis can lead to recurrent symptoms of chest pain (angina) or other complications.
To help prevent restenosis, doctors may recommend lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, adopting a heart-healthy diet, exercising regularly, and taking medications to manage risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. In some cases, additional treatments or procedures may be necessary to address restenosis, such as repeat angioplasty, stent placement, or bypass surgery. It's essential for individuals who have undergone coronary artery procedures to follow their healthcare provider's recommendations for monitoring and managing their heart health to reduce the risk of restenosis.
Arrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms that can occur when the electrical impulses that coordinate the heartbeats are disrupted. There are different types of arrhythmias, including:
1. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): This is the most common type of arrhythmia and occurs when the heart's upper chambers (atria) beat irregularly and out of sync with the lower chambers (ventricles).
2. Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT): SVT is a fast heart rate originating above the ventricles, often in the atria.
3. Ventricular Tachycardia (VT): VT is a fast heart rate that starts in the heart's lower chambers (ventricles).
4. Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib): VFib is a life-threatening arrhythmia where the ventricles quiver instead of pumping blood effectively.
5. Bradycardia: This is a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute.
Arrhythmias can be caused by various factors, including heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, stress, certain medications, and structural abnormalities in the heart. Some arrhythmias may not cause any symptoms, while others can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting.
Treatment for arrhythmias depends on the type and severity of the condition. It may include lifestyle modifications, medications, medical procedures like cardioversion or ablation, or implantation of devices like pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) to help regulate the heart's rhythm.
If you experience symptoms of an arrhythmia or have been diagnosed with one, it's important to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan and management strategies to help control
2. INTRODUCTION
This contingency approach is modern
management theory
This contingency approach is also known
as situational
The Contingency Approach stresses that
the correctness of a managerial practice is
contingent on how it fits the particular
3. Contingency Approach to Management
Management is entirely situational.
The management has to use the
measures/techniques as per the situation from
time to time.
Management should match its approach as per
the requirements of the situation.
The policies and practices used should be
suitable to environmental changes.
The success of management depends on its
ability to cope up with its environment
4. Characteristics
The contingency approach is
based on
three characteristics they are..
An open system perspective
A research orientation
A multivariable approach
5. Merits
Contingency approach is pragmatic and open
minded It discounts preconceived notions, and
universal validity of principles
It provides freedom/choice to manage to judge
the external environment and use the most
suitable management techniques.
Here, importance is given to the judgment of the
situation and not the use of specific principles.
The contingency approach has a wide-ranging
applicability and practical utility in, organization
and management.
It advocates comparative analysis of
organizations to bring suitable adjustment
between organization structure and situational
6. Limitations
It is argued that the contingency approach
lacks a theoretical base.
Under contingency approach, a manager is
supposed to think through all possible alternatives
as he has no dried principles to act upon.
This brings the need of more .
The responsibility of a manager increases as he
has to analyze the situation, examine the validity
of different principles and techniques to the
situation at hand, make right choice by matching
the technique to the situation and finally execute
his choice
7. Conclusion
The basic theme of contingency approach is that
organizations have to deal with different situations
in different ways. There is no single best way of
managing applicable to all situations.