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This document summarizes the extrusion process. Extrusion involves pushing heated metal through a die to shape it. There are different types of extrusion processes, including direct extrusion where the metal flows in the same direction as the ram, and indirect extrusion where the metal flows in the opposite direction to reduce friction. Hydrostatic extrusion uses a pressurized liquid around the billet instead of direct contact to further reduce friction. Extrusion is used to make long parts with consistent cross-sections and can provide cost savings over machining if secondary operations are not required.
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Extrusion
Extrusion is a process that uses pressure to force heated metal material through a die to create parts with a constant cross-section. There are two main types of extrusion: direct and indirect. Direct extrusion involves pushing the material through the die in the same direction as the ram movement, while indirect extrusion moves the material in the opposite direction of the ram. Extrusion can be performed hot or cold depending on the material, with hot extrusion allowing for more complex shapes from more readily extrudable metals like aluminum. Proper die material and lubrication are important for reducing friction during extrusion.
Metal Forming
This document discusses various metal forming processes including hot working, cold working, rolling, extrusion, and drawing. It provides details on different types of each process such as direct and indirect extrusion. The key advantages of metal forming are improved surface finish, strength, and dimensional accuracy through strain hardening. Higher forces are required compared to other manufacturing processes. Defects can occur due to factors like excessive working at low temperatures or uneven stresses during forming.
Pressure die casting
Pressure die casting is a manufacturing process where molten metal is injected under high pressure into a steel mold cavity. This allows for the rapid solidification of net-shaped metal components with tight tolerances. There are two main types - high pressure die casting for parts requiring close tolerances, and low pressure die casting for larger, less critical parts. Pressure die casting allows for high-volume production of complex parts and good dimensional accuracy.
Forming
Forming is one of the manufacturing processes in operations. this slide shows different types of forming activities.
Lec 3
Extrusion is a process where a billet is forced to flow through a die opening under high pressure to produce a part with a constant cross-section. Common materials extruded include metals like aluminum, copper, steel, and plastics. The extrusion process begins by heating the billet and placing it into an extrusion press where a ram pushes it through a die. Direct extrusion uses a stationary die and moving ram, while indirect extrusion has a movable die within a hollow ram. Extrusion can produce complex shapes and is used to manufacture parts like tubing, profiles, and frames.
Extrusion processes
The document discusses the extrusion process. It begins by defining extrusion as forcing a block of metal through a die under high pressure to reduce its cross-section. Extrusion is commonly used to produce cylindrical bars or tubes from metals like aluminum. The document then covers the basic extrusion process, common extrusion products, different types of extrusion processes based on direction and temperature, and key equipment used like presses and dies. It concludes by listing factors that affect the required extrusion force.
Centrifugal casting
Its a class lecture about Centrifugal Casting in Production Process subject. This class held at Khulna University of Engineering & Technology. Class conducted by Md. Abdullah Al Bari.
C 10 - centrifugal casting
Centrifugal casting is a method that uses centrifugal force to distribute molten metal into rotating molds. There are three main types: true centrifugal casting produces hollow cylindrical parts like pipes by pouring metal into a horizontally or vertically rotating mold; semicentrifugal casting makes parts with rotational symmetry like wheels with spokes; and centrifuging forces molten metal from the center into stationary molds placed around the axis of rotation. Centrifugal casting results in dense, high quality castings with variations in properties depending on their distance from the center of rotation.
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Extrusion
Extrusion is a process that uses pressure to force heated metal material through a die to create parts with a constant cross-section. There are two main types of extrusion: direct and indirect. Direct extrusion involves pushing the material through the die in the same direction as the ram movement, while indirect extrusion moves the material in the opposite direction of the ram. Extrusion can be performed hot or cold depending on the material, with hot extrusion allowing for more complex shapes from more readily extrudable metals like aluminum. Proper die material and lubrication are important for reducing friction during extrusion.
Metal Forming
This document discusses various metal forming processes including hot working, cold working, rolling, extrusion, and drawing. It provides details on different types of each process such as direct and indirect extrusion. The key advantages of metal forming are improved surface finish, strength, and dimensional accuracy through strain hardening. Higher forces are required compared to other manufacturing processes. Defects can occur due to factors like excessive working at low temperatures or uneven stresses during forming.
Pressure die casting
Pressure die casting is a manufacturing process where molten metal is injected under high pressure into a steel mold cavity. This allows for the rapid solidification of net-shaped metal components with tight tolerances. There are two main types - high pressure die casting for parts requiring close tolerances, and low pressure die casting for larger, less critical parts. Pressure die casting allows for high-volume production of complex parts and good dimensional accuracy.
Forming
Forming is one of the manufacturing processes in operations. this slide shows different types of forming activities.
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Extrusion is a process where a billet is forced to flow through a die opening under high pressure to produce a part with a constant cross-section. Common materials extruded include metals like aluminum, copper, steel, and plastics. The extrusion process begins by heating the billet and placing it into an extrusion press where a ram pushes it through a die. Direct extrusion uses a stationary die and moving ram, while indirect extrusion has a movable die within a hollow ram. Extrusion can produce complex shapes and is used to manufacture parts like tubing, profiles, and frames.
Extrusion processes
The document discusses the extrusion process. It begins by defining extrusion as forcing a block of metal through a die under high pressure to reduce its cross-section. Extrusion is commonly used to produce cylindrical bars or tubes from metals like aluminum. The document then covers the basic extrusion process, common extrusion products, different types of extrusion processes based on direction and temperature, and key equipment used like presses and dies. It concludes by listing factors that affect the required extrusion force.
Centrifugal casting
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Centrifugal casting is a method that uses centrifugal force to distribute molten metal into rotating molds. There are three main types: true centrifugal casting produces hollow cylindrical parts like pipes by pouring metal into a horizontally or vertically rotating mold; semicentrifugal casting makes parts with rotational symmetry like wheels with spokes; and centrifuging forces molten metal from the center into stationary molds placed around the axis of rotation. Centrifugal casting results in dense, high quality castings with variations in properties depending on their distance from the center of rotation.
Casting process / Die casting process
This presentation summarizes the die casting process. It discusses that die casting involves forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity created by hardened steel dies. It describes the main steps of the die casting process as well as the two primary types - gravity die casting and pressure die casting (cold chamber and hot chamber processes). The presentation outlines the key advantages of die casting as high production rates, dimensional accuracy, and ability to cast intricate parts. It also notes some disadvantages such as limitations on hollow shapes, size of parts, and alloy selection.
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The document discusses spin welding, which uses friction to heat and weld thermoplastic materials. A spin welding machine applies pressure and rotates one part against another stationary part to create friction and heat the materials. The spin welding process involves five stages - initially generating heat through friction, then stripping and melting surfaces, heating through internal friction within the melted area, maintaining a constant temperature, then cooling under pressure. Spin welding offers advantages over other welding techniques like easier joining of materials, stronger welds, lower costs, smaller heat affected zones, compatibility with different materials, and no need for ventilation.
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Centrifugal casting was invented in 1852 by Alfred Krupp to manufacture cast steel tires for railway wheels. It involves pouring molten metal into a rotating mold to produce thin-walled cylinders through the centrifugal force. Common applications include pipes, boilers, pressure vessels, and engine parts like cylinder liners and sleeve valves. The process provides high quality castings through the rapid solidification process imparted by the high-speed mold rotation.
Forming and rolling class 25 mar ppt
Metal forming processes use plastic deformation to change the shape of metal workpieces. Rolling is one of the most common metal forming processes, accounting for around 90% of metal shaping. In rolling, the metal workpiece is passed through one or more sets of rolls, reducing the thickness and changing the cross-sectional area under compressive forces applied by the rolls. The geometry of the final product is determined by the shape and contour of the roll gap. Rolling can be performed hot or cold, and is used to produce a wide variety of parts for structural applications and transportation.
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This document discusses various metal forming rolling processes. It defines rolling as plastically deforming metal by passing it between rolls. There are different types of rolling processes including transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, tube, powder, and continuous casting and hot rolling. It also describes the classification and purposes of processes like transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, and tube rolling. Finally, it discusses sheet rolling processes including hot and cold rolling.
Metal spinning
Metal spinning is a sheet metal forming process that uses rollers to form axisymmetric parts over a rotating mandrel. There are three main types: conventional spinning, shear spinning, and tube spinning. Spinning can be done hot or cold and involves placing a metal blank against a mandrel and using tools to deform the material into shape as it rotates. Applications include automotive parts, containers, and more. Key advantages are low tooling costs, design flexibility, and little material waste.
Extrusion of Metals
The document provides an overview of the extrusion process for metals. It discusses different types of extrusion including direct/indirect, hot/cold, and hydrostatic extrusion. It also covers extruding tubes and pipes. Key points include:
- Extrusion involves pushing heated metal billets through a die to reduce the cross-section and shape the material.
- Direct extrusion uses a stationary container and moving ram, while indirect uses a stationary die and moving container.
- Hot extrusion is done at 50-75% melting temperature for better formability, while cold extrusion is at or near room temperature.
- Hydrostatic extrusion surrounds the billet with pressurized
Forging processes
Smith forging, also called flat die or open die forging, uses simple flat-faced dies and stock tooling to produce workpieces with less accuracy than impression or closed die forging. Impression die forging uses cavities in specially prepared dies to produce forged shapes in large quantities through drop, press, or machine forging. Closed die forging places a heated workpiece on a lower die while an upper die forces the metal to fill die contours. Hand forging shapes small forgings through hammering heated metal on anvils while power hammers and presses are used to forge larger parts through blows or squeezing.
Rolling,Rolling mills,Rolling processes &Rolling Applications by polayya chin...
The document discusses rolling as a metal forming process. It describes rolling as a process where metal is passed between circular cylinders to change its shape through plastic deformation. Both hot and cold rolling processes are used, with hot rolling used for more drastic shape changes. Different types of rolling mills are covered, including two-high, three-high, four-high, cluster, and planetary mills. The advantages and disadvantages of rolling and its applications in producing items like tubes, rods, gears, and construction materials are also summarized.
3 forging
Forging is the process of shaping metals by applying compressive forces. It can be done either hot or cold. Common forging operations include drawing, piercing, punching, and swaging. Forging machines include drop hammers, power hammers, mechanical presses, and hydraulic presses. Closed-die forging uses dies to precisely shape parts, while open-die forging uses simpler dies. Proper die material selection and coatings can increase die life. Forging results in an elongated grain structure and improved mechanical properties compared to casting.
Forging
Forging is a process that involves shaping metal by heating and hammering. It increases strength and toughness by producing directional grains that refine the metal's structure, eliminating defects like cracks and pores. Forged components can withstand high loads, be produced to close tolerances, and require less machining than casted parts, reducing costs. Common forging operations include upsetting, drawing down, bending, punching, drifting, and swaging.
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This document discusses various bulk deformation processes including forging and extrusion. It describes different forging techniques like open-die, closed-die, and impression-die forging. Extrusion involves forcing a heated billet through a die to produce a part. Key factors that affect forging and extrusion are discussed, such as die design, temperature, speed, and the extrusion ratio. Common defects and parts produced via these processes are also mentioned.
Introduction to forging process
Forging is an ancient metalworking process where compressive forces are used to shape metal using dies and tools. It originated over 4000 years ago and was used to make jewelry, coins, and implements. Today, forged parts include components for turbines, machinery, transportation equipment, and more. Forged parts often require additional finishing like heat treating and machining to achieve accurate dimensions and smooth surfaces. Types of finishing processes include coining to mark parts, heading to increase cross-sections like bolt heads, and piercing or hubbing to indent or form cavities in metal.
What is forging..!!
Forging is a manufacturing process that shapes metal using force. It can be done hot or cold, with hot forging heating the metal above its recrystallization temperature for easier forming. Cold forging is done at room temperature but requires more powerful equipment. Forging processes fall into three categories: draw forming decreases width and increases length, upset forging increases width and decreases length, and compression forming provides multi-directional flow. Closed die forging uses molds attached to an anvil, while open die forging has no precut profiles. Press forging applies continuous compression pressure for prolonged contact with dies.
Different Types of Rolling Mills
Rolling mills are used to reduce the width and increase the hardness of the metal. They are often used in steel industries. It is an energy efficient / energy saving process that produces more uniform, lower fines and larger particles for product quality.
Upset forging
Upset forging is a forging process that increases the diameter of a workpiece like wire or rod by compressing its length using high-speed machines, with standard machines using split dies containing multiple cavities. The process involves the dies opening to move the workpiece between cavities, then closing as a ram moves against the workpiece to upset it into the cavity shape, allowing finished parts to be produced on each cycle for mass production of items like engine valves, bolts, and screws.
Everything about Forging
The document discusses various metal forming processes including forging. It defines forging as a process where a metal is heated and compressed in a die to obtain a final shape. The key types of forging are closed die forging using two dies and open die forging with simple shaped dies. Forging can be done hot or cold based on the temperature of the workpiece. Common forging operations aim to reduce cross-sectional area or change thickness. Forging produces grain structures that improve mechanical properties.
Rolling process
The document discusses the rolling process used in metal forming. It describes rolling as a process where the thickness of metal is reduced by compressive forces from two opposing rolls. Rolling can be used for flat rolling to reduce thickness of rectangular cross-sections or shape rolling to form square cross-sections into shapes like I-beams. The document outlines different types of rolling like hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous rolling and shape rolling and describes the purposes and processes for each type.
Roll forming
Roll forming, also known as contour roll forming, is a continuous process that forms metal sheet or coil stock into desired shapes by passing it through a series of roller dies. The stock is progressively worked through two or more stations until the finished shape is produced. Auxiliary operations like notching, slotting, punching, and embossing can be combined with roll forming. Contour roll forming is used across many industries like automotive, building, furniture, appliances, medical equipment, railcars, aircraft, and HVAC to produce a variety of metal products. It requires less force than other forming methods and allows theoretically unlimited length, while still strengthening the metal through controlled plastic deformation.
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This presentation summarizes the die casting process. It discusses that die casting involves forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity created by hardened steel dies. It describes the main steps of the die casting process as well as the two primary types - gravity die casting and pressure die casting (cold chamber and hot chamber processes). The presentation outlines the key advantages of die casting as high production rates, dimensional accuracy, and ability to cast intricate parts. It also notes some disadvantages such as limitations on hollow shapes, size of parts, and alloy selection.
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The document discusses spin welding, which uses friction to heat and weld thermoplastic materials. A spin welding machine applies pressure and rotates one part against another stationary part to create friction and heat the materials. The spin welding process involves five stages - initially generating heat through friction, then stripping and melting surfaces, heating through internal friction within the melted area, maintaining a constant temperature, then cooling under pressure. Spin welding offers advantages over other welding techniques like easier joining of materials, stronger welds, lower costs, smaller heat affected zones, compatibility with different materials, and no need for ventilation.
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Metal forming processes use plastic deformation to change the shape of metal workpieces. Rolling is one of the most common metal forming processes, accounting for around 90% of metal shaping. In rolling, the metal workpiece is passed through one or more sets of rolls, reducing the thickness and changing the cross-sectional area under compressive forces applied by the rolls. The geometry of the final product is determined by the shape and contour of the roll gap. Rolling can be performed hot or cold, and is used to produce a wide variety of parts for structural applications and transportation.
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This document discusses various metal forming rolling processes. It defines rolling as plastically deforming metal by passing it between rolls. There are different types of rolling processes including transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, tube, powder, and continuous casting and hot rolling. It also describes the classification and purposes of processes like transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, and tube rolling. Finally, it discusses sheet rolling processes including hot and cold rolling.
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Metal spinning is a sheet metal forming process that uses rollers to form axisymmetric parts over a rotating mandrel. There are three main types: conventional spinning, shear spinning, and tube spinning. Spinning can be done hot or cold and involves placing a metal blank against a mandrel and using tools to deform the material into shape as it rotates. Applications include automotive parts, containers, and more. Key advantages are low tooling costs, design flexibility, and little material waste.
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The document provides an overview of the extrusion process for metals. It discusses different types of extrusion including direct/indirect, hot/cold, and hydrostatic extrusion. It also covers extruding tubes and pipes. Key points include:
- Extrusion involves pushing heated metal billets through a die to reduce the cross-section and shape the material.
- Direct extrusion uses a stationary container and moving ram, while indirect uses a stationary die and moving container.
- Hot extrusion is done at 50-75% melting temperature for better formability, while cold extrusion is at or near room temperature.
- Hydrostatic extrusion surrounds the billet with pressurized
Forging processes
Smith forging, also called flat die or open die forging, uses simple flat-faced dies and stock tooling to produce workpieces with less accuracy than impression or closed die forging. Impression die forging uses cavities in specially prepared dies to produce forged shapes in large quantities through drop, press, or machine forging. Closed die forging places a heated workpiece on a lower die while an upper die forces the metal to fill die contours. Hand forging shapes small forgings through hammering heated metal on anvils while power hammers and presses are used to forge larger parts through blows or squeezing.
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Forging is the process of shaping metals by applying compressive forces. It can be done either hot or cold. Common forging operations include drawing, piercing, punching, and swaging. Forging machines include drop hammers, power hammers, mechanical presses, and hydraulic presses. Closed-die forging uses dies to precisely shape parts, while open-die forging uses simpler dies. Proper die material selection and coatings can increase die life. Forging results in an elongated grain structure and improved mechanical properties compared to casting.
Forging
Forging is a process that involves shaping metal by heating and hammering. It increases strength and toughness by producing directional grains that refine the metal's structure, eliminating defects like cracks and pores. Forged components can withstand high loads, be produced to close tolerances, and require less machining than casted parts, reducing costs. Common forging operations include upsetting, drawing down, bending, punching, drifting, and swaging.
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This document discusses various bulk deformation processes including forging and extrusion. It describes different forging techniques like open-die, closed-die, and impression-die forging. Extrusion involves forcing a heated billet through a die to produce a part. Key factors that affect forging and extrusion are discussed, such as die design, temperature, speed, and the extrusion ratio. Common defects and parts produced via these processes are also mentioned.
Introduction to forging process
Forging is an ancient metalworking process where compressive forces are used to shape metal using dies and tools. It originated over 4000 years ago and was used to make jewelry, coins, and implements. Today, forged parts include components for turbines, machinery, transportation equipment, and more. Forged parts often require additional finishing like heat treating and machining to achieve accurate dimensions and smooth surfaces. Types of finishing processes include coining to mark parts, heading to increase cross-sections like bolt heads, and piercing or hubbing to indent or form cavities in metal.
What is forging..!!
Forging is a manufacturing process that shapes metal using force. It can be done hot or cold, with hot forging heating the metal above its recrystallization temperature for easier forming. Cold forging is done at room temperature but requires more powerful equipment. Forging processes fall into three categories: draw forming decreases width and increases length, upset forging increases width and decreases length, and compression forming provides multi-directional flow. Closed die forging uses molds attached to an anvil, while open die forging has no precut profiles. Press forging applies continuous compression pressure for prolonged contact with dies.
Different Types of Rolling Mills
Rolling mills are used to reduce the width and increase the hardness of the metal. They are often used in steel industries. It is an energy efficient / energy saving process that produces more uniform, lower fines and larger particles for product quality.
Upset forging
Upset forging is a forging process that increases the diameter of a workpiece like wire or rod by compressing its length using high-speed machines, with standard machines using split dies containing multiple cavities. The process involves the dies opening to move the workpiece between cavities, then closing as a ram moves against the workpiece to upset it into the cavity shape, allowing finished parts to be produced on each cycle for mass production of items like engine valves, bolts, and screws.
Everything about Forging
The document discusses various metal forming processes including forging. It defines forging as a process where a metal is heated and compressed in a die to obtain a final shape. The key types of forging are closed die forging using two dies and open die forging with simple shaped dies. Forging can be done hot or cold based on the temperature of the workpiece. Common forging operations aim to reduce cross-sectional area or change thickness. Forging produces grain structures that improve mechanical properties.
Rolling process
The document discusses the rolling process used in metal forming. It describes rolling as a process where the thickness of metal is reduced by compressive forces from two opposing rolls. Rolling can be used for flat rolling to reduce thickness of rectangular cross-sections or shape rolling to form square cross-sections into shapes like I-beams. The document outlines different types of rolling like hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous rolling and shape rolling and describes the purposes and processes for each type.
Roll forming
Roll forming, also known as contour roll forming, is a continuous process that forms metal sheet or coil stock into desired shapes by passing it through a series of roller dies. The stock is progressively worked through two or more stations until the finished shape is produced. Auxiliary operations like notching, slotting, punching, and embossing can be combined with roll forming. Contour roll forming is used across many industries like automotive, building, furniture, appliances, medical equipment, railcars, aircraft, and HVAC to produce a variety of metal products. It requires less force than other forming methods and allows theoretically unlimited length, while still strengthening the metal through controlled plastic deformation.
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Extrusion is a metalworking process that produces continuous lengths of material with a uniform cross-sectional shape. It works by forcing billet material through a restricted opening called a die. There are three main components in an extrusion press: the container, die, and ram. Extrusion can be used to manufacture rods, tubes, and a variety of shapes like circular, square, rectangular, and hexagonal. There are different methods of extrusion including direct, indirect, impact, and hydrostatic extrusion which uses pressurized fluid instead of friction to shape the material. Extrusion can be classified as hot or cold based on the temperature of the material during the process.
Extrusion of metals by Hariprasad
The document discusses the process of extrusion. It begins with an introduction to extrusion, defining it as reducing the cross-section of metal by forcing it to flow through a die under high pressure. It then covers the basic extrusion process using diagrams. The document goes on to classify extrusion processes and describe various types like direct/indirect, hot/cold, lateral, and hydrostatic extrusion. It also covers die design, defects, variables that affect extrusion, and applications of extrusion.
AP- Class _ Extrusion.pptx
Metal forming processes like extrusion, drawing, bending and shearing are discussed. Extrusion involves compressing metal inside a chamber and forcing it through a die. Direct and indirect extrusion are described. Drawing involves pulling metal through a die to reduce its cross-section. Deep drawing forms cylindrical or box shapes from sheet metal. Shearing uses a punch and die to cut sheet metal. Bending forms shapes by curving sheet metal around a bend line without failure. Defects like surface cracking and piping in extrusion are also summarized.
Press work operations(Metal Sheet Operations)
It will give you almost all operations which relates to metal cutting and metal sheet forming operations.
Extrusion and Drawing.ppt
Extrusion is a process where a billet is compressed and forced to flow through a die opening, acquiring the shape of the opening. In direct extrusion, the billet is pushed through the die by a ram. Indirect extrusion uses backward flow where the die is fixed to the ram and the billet flows in the opposite direction of ram movement. Extrusion can produce a variety of cross-sectional shapes from metals like aluminum, copper, steel, and plastics. Drawing is a similar process where a wire or rod is pulled rather than pushed through a die to reduce its cross-sectional area.
Extrusion Extrusion Types and Applications by polayya chintada
This document summarizes information about the extrusion production technology, including:
- Extrusion is a metal forming process where a metal workpiece is forced through a die to reduce its cross-section or form a specific shape. It uses compressive force and can be done hot or cold.
- In direct extrusion the metal flows in the direction of the punch, while in indirect extrusion it flows in the opposite direction. Hydrostatic extrusion uses a fluid instead of direct contact to apply pressure.
- Hot extrusion occurs above the metal's recrystallization temperature for lower forces, while cold extrusion is below this temperature resulting in higher forces but better mechanical properties without oxidation.
-
Overview of extrusion process
This document provides an overview of the extrusion process. It defines extrusion as forcing a block of metal through a die under high pressure to reduce its cross-section. Extrusion can be hot or cold, direct or indirect. It discusses extrusion equipment, pressures, ratios, defects, and features like its cost-effectiveness and ability to produce complex cross-sections. Hydrostatic extrusion is also introduced, where the billet is surrounded by a fluid and forced through the die.
Sheet metal working for non ferrous metal and alloys
its sheet metal working for non ferrous metal and alloy. its show all process like punching, deep drawing, etc which can employ in sheet metal working.its show how process done in short details.
Extrusion
Extrusion is a process where a block of metal is forced to flow through a die to reduce its cross-section. It is commonly used to produce cylindrical bars, tubes, or stock for other processes. Most metals require hot extrusion due to the large forces. Extrusion produces products with uniform properties and microstructure. Common extrusion defects include cracking, non-uniform deformation, and variations in grain structure. Extrusion equipment includes hydraulic presses in horizontal or vertical orientations and dies made of hardened tool steel. Process parameters like temperature, speed, and lubrication affect the required extrusion pressure.
Design for metal forming
This document provides an overview of various metal forming processes including rolling, extrusion, drawing, forging, bending, punching, blanking, deep drawing, and stretch forming. It discusses the basic mechanisms, types, defects, and forces involved in each process. Key points covered include how rolling reduces thickness through plastic deformation between rolls, the differences between direct and indirect extrusion, how drawing reduces cross-sectional area by pulling metal through a die, and common defects that can occur in deep drawing like wrinkling, tearing, and earing.
Sheet metal-operations
Sheet metal is a thin piece of metal between 0.006 and 0.25 inches thick. Sheet metal can be cut, bent, and stretched into various shapes through forming and cutting operations. Common forming operations include bending, deep drawing, and roll forming. Common cutting operations include shearing, blanking, punching, notching, and slitting. Sheet metal workers use tools like dies and presses to perform these operations and shape the metal.
SHEET METAL PROCESS
The document discusses various sheet metal processes including shearing, bending, drawing, and special forming processes. It provides details on:
- Common shearing operations like punching, blanking, and notching used to cut sheet metal.
- Forming processes like bending, stretching, and drawing that cause shape changes without cracking or excessive thinning.
- Special high-pressure forming techniques like hydroforming, rubber pad forming, spinning, and super plastic forming.
- Factors that influence formability and properties of sheet metals like strength, ductility, formability, and factors that affect drawing operations.
sheet-metal-operations-131023053838-phpapp02.pdf
Sheet metal is a thin piece of metal between 0.15mm and 6.35mm thick. Sheet thickness is measured in gauge, with higher gauges being thinner. Sheet metal can be cut, bent, or stretched into various shapes through forming and cutting operations. Common forming operations include bending, deep drawing, and stretch forming. Common cutting operations include shearing, blanking, punching, and trimming. Dies are used to cut or shape sheet metal and come in various types including simple, compound, combination, and progressive dies.
Mechanical working of metals
This document discusses various mechanical working processes for metals, including hot working, cold working, and recrystallization temperature. It describes processes such as forging, extrusion, drawing, rolling, and sheet metal forming. Forging methods like open die forging, press forging, upset forging, and closed die forging are explained. The advantages and uses of hot forging and cold forging are summarized. Extrusion, drawing, and common applications are also outlined briefly.
L 06 sheet metal 3
Sheet metal fabrication involves shaping metal sheets through forming or cutting processes. Forming bends or stretches the sheet without removing material, while cutting separates material. Common forming methods include bending, roll forming, spinning, deep drawing and stretch forming. Bending uses dies and punches to create angles in the sheet. Roll forming shapes the sheet through a series of rollers. Sheet metal has applications in industries like aircraft, automotive, construction, appliances and more.
Sheet metal 3
Sheet metal fabrication involves shaping metal sheets through forming or cutting processes. Forming bends the sheet without removing material, while cutting separates material. Common forming methods include bending, roll forming, spinning, and deep drawing, which shape the sheet through applied forces. Sheet metal can be cut with shears or without using lasers, plasma, or water jets. Final parts are used in industries like construction, automotive, and aerospace.
Sheetmetalfabrication 140305095610-phpapp01
Sheet metal fabrication involves forming metal stock into parts through cutting or deformation processes. Common forming techniques include bending, roll forming, deep drawing and spinning, while cutting is done via shearing, punching, laser cutting or plasma cutting. The resulting fabricated sheet metal parts have applications across many industries such as construction, automotive, and aerospace.
Unit iii
This document provides an introduction to metal forming processes, specifically focusing on forging processes. It defines hot working and cold working, and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The main types of forging processes discussed are open die forging, closed die forging, and roll forging. Closed die forging includes drop forging, press forging, and upset forging. Common forging operations like upsetting, drawing down, punching, bending, cutting, and welding are also summarized.
Rolling of the metals
The document discusses the process of rolling metals. It begins by defining rolling as the plastic deformation of materials caused by compressive force applied through revolving rolls, which reduces the thickness and increases the length of the workpiece. It then discusses hot rolling and cold rolling processes. Hot rolling is performed above the recrystallization temperature and allows for large deformation, while cold rolling is used for finished sheets and plates. The document also covers grain structure changes during rolling, mechanics of rolling including forces, entry conditions, and roll pressure distribution. It concludes with discussing types of rolling mills.
Extrusion & its types PPT
Metal extrusion is a metal forming process where a cylindrical billet is forced through a die to form a part with a fixed cross-sectional profile. There are different types of metal extrusion depending on factors like the direction of extrusion flow, the medium used to apply force, and the working temperature. Direct extrusion uses a stationary die and moving billet container, while indirect extrusion has a stationary billet and moving die. Hydrostatic extrusion applies tri-axial forces via hydraulic fluid to improve formability. Lateral extrusion orients the billet container vertically with a side-facing die. Impact extrusion is a cold process using high-speed impact to extrude softer metals.
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Extrusion Extrusion Types and Applications by polayya chintada
Extrusion Extrusion Types and Applications by polayya chintada
Sheet metal working for non ferrous metal and alloys
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1239
- 2. PRESENTED BY Nilesh Mahatmaji Dudhabhate
- 3. Extrusion is the process of confining the metal in the closed cavity and then allowing it to flow from only one opening so that the metal takes the shape of the opening. Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed, cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed or drawn through a die of the desired cross-section. The long straight metal parts of solid ,round ,T-shaped , L-shaped cross- sectional products can be manufactured.
- 4. The extrusion process is often likened to the squeezing of tooth paste from a tube, as is illustrated : The top of the tube represents the die and determines the shape of the extrusion, while the paste may be considered to be the billet.
- 5. In general, extrusion process is used to produce long part of same cross-section.
- 6. Billet:- The billet is the starting stock for the extrusion operation.Extrusion billets may be a solid or hollow form, commonly cylindrical, and is the length charged into the extrusion press container. Extrusion operations typically take place with billet heated. However during the extrusion, the billet is still solid.
- 8. Dies are the cutting tools used in the extrusion processes. (a) (b) (c)
- 10. Direct Extrusion Indirect Extrusion Impact Extrusion Hydrostatic Extrusion
- 11. Also called as forward extrusion process. The flow of metal in the forward direction that is same as that of direction of ram/plunger. Hot metal billet is loaded in cylinder. The plunger compresses metal billet against the die and forces it to flow through die opening and produces extruded product Extruded product acquires the shape of opening.
- 12. . In this process, the problem of friction is more because of relative motion between the heated metal billet and the cylinder walls.
- 13. Also called as indirect extrusion process. In order to completely overcome the friction, the backward extrusion process I used. The hot metal billet is confined fully by the cylinder. The ram which have die, compresses the metal against the container, forcing it to flow backward through the die opening in the hollow plunger or ram.
- 14. It is termed as backward because of the opposite direction of the flow of metal to that of ram movement. The billet in the container remains stationary and hence no friction. Indirect extrusion does not requires as much force as direct extrusion.
- 15. Impact extrusion is a manufacturing process similar to extrusion and drawing by which products are made with a metal blank. The blank is pressed at a high velocity with extreme force into a die/mold by a punch.
- 16. In the hydrostatic extrusion process the billet is completely surrounded by a pressurized liquid, except where the billet contacts the die.
- 18. Disadvantages:- Containing the fluid under high pressures can be difficult. Limited use due to complex tooling, high pressures, special equipment, and long cycle times. Advantages:- No friction between the container and the billet reduces force requirements. This ultimately allows for faster speeds, higher reduction ratios, and lower billet temperatures. Usually the ductility of the material increases when high pressures are applied. Large billets and large cross-sections can be extruded.
- 20. Extrusion often minimizes the need for secondary machining,and as a result could result in financial savings. However extruded objects are not of the same dimensional accuracy or surface finish as machined parts.