11 qmds2005 session16

Querying and Managing Data Using SQL Server 2005
Objectives

In this session, you will learn to:
Understand managed code
Create managed database objects
Define the Hypertext Transfer Protocol endpoints
Implement the Hypertext Transfer Protocol endpoints for Web
services

Ver. 1.0 Session 16 Slide 1 of 31

Introduction to SQL Server CLR Integration

CLR integration:
Allows the database developer to write the code in any of
the .NET supported languages
Allows to run managed code within a database
Provides the following functions and services required for
program execution


Identifying the Need for Managed Code

Managed database objects can be created in the following
situations:
To implement complicated programming logics
To access external resources
To implement a CPU-intensive functionality that can run more
efficiently as compared to the managed code.
T-SQL statements can be used in the following situations:
To perform data access and manipulation operations that can
be done using the T-SQL statements.
To implement programming logic tat can be easily
implemented using T-SQL programming constructs.


Just a minute

Which of the following is supported by .NET and not by
T-SQL?
1. Writing queries
2. Creating procedures
3. Object-Orientation
4. Writing triggers

Answer:
3. Object-Orientation


Importing and Configuring Assemblies

Assemblies:
Are created to attach the managed code
Are created using the CREATE ASSEMBLY command
Syntax:
CREATE ASSEMBLY assembly_name
FROM { <client_assembly_specifier> |
<assembly_bits>
[ ,...n ] }
[ WITH PERMISSION_SET =
{ SAFE | EXTERNAL_ACCESS | UNSAFE } ]
Let’s see how…


Just a minute

Which of the following PERMISSION_SET will you use to
access another database server?
1. SAFE
2. EXTERNAL_ACCESS
3. UNSAFE

Answer:
2. EXTERNAL_ACCESS


Creating Managed Database Objects

Managed database objects can be of the following types:
Stored Procedures
Functions
Triggers
UDTs


Creating Managed Database Objects (Contd.)

Managed stored procedure:
Is implemented by creating a procedure that refers to an
imported assembly
Syntax:
CREATE PROCEDURE <Procedure Name>
AS EXTERNAL NAME <Assembly Identifier>.<Type
Name>.<Method Name>,
Let’s see how…



Managed function:
Is implemented by creating a function that refers to an
imported assembly
Syntax:
CREATE FUNCTION <Function Name>
(
<Parameter List>
)
RETURNS <Return Type>
Name>.<Method Name>
Let’s see how…



Managed trigger:
Is implemented by creating a trigger that refers to an imported
assembly
Syntax:
CREATE TRIGGER <TriggerName>
ON <Table or View> <FOR | INSTEAD OF | AFTER>
< INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE >
Name>.<Method Name>
Let’s see how…



Managed user-defined type:
Is created by using the CREATE TYPE command
Syntax:
CREATE TYPE [ schema_name. ] type_name
{
FROM base_type [ (precision [ , scale ] ) ]
[ NULL | NOT NULL ]
| EXTERNAL NAME assembly_name[.class_name]
}
Let’s see how…


Just a minute

When will you use managed code instead of T-SQL?
1. When you need to write queries.
2. When you need to access external resources.
3. When you need to perform an administrative task on the
database.

Answer:
2. When you need to access external resources.


Demo: Implementing Managed User-Defined Types

• Problem Statement:
The management of AdventureWorks, Inc. has decided that
they want to include the details of the spouse of employees in
the database. The application that is used to enter the
employee detail will accept the name and date of birth of the
spouse of an employee. In addition, it will concatenate the two
values separated by a ";". As a database developer, you need
to store the spouse details in the following format:
Spouse Name: <name of the spouse> ; Spouse Date of Birth :
<date of birth>
To implement this, you have decided to create a managed
user-defined data type. How will you create this data type?


Demo: Implementing Managed User-Defined Types (Contd.)

Solution:
To solve the preceding problem, you need to perform the
following tasks:
1. Enable CLR in the database.
2. Create an assembly.
3. Create a managed database user-defined data type.
4. Create a table that will implement the user-defined data type.
5. Verify the output.


Introduction to Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

SOA:
Is an extension of distributed computing based on the
request/reply design pattern
Modularizes the business logic of an application and presents
them as services
Allows to create objects, such as, Web services that can be
accessed from heterogeneous systems


Introduction to Web Services

Flash presentation: Introduction to Web Services
Web Service is a collection of methods that provide
programmable logic used by client applications over the
Internet.
SQL Server 2005 provides native XML Web services by
using the following open standards:
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
Web Services Definition Language (WSDL)


Just a minute

Which of the following describes the Web services?
1. WSDL
2. SOAP
3. UDDI

Answer:
1. WSDL


Just a minute

Which of the following helps in finding a Web service?
1. WSDL
2. SOAP
3. UDDI

Answer:
3. UDDI


Identifying the Role of HTTP Endpoints in Native Web Service Architecture

HTTP Endpoint:
Is the gateway through which HTTP-based clients can query
the database server
Created for use with SQL Server 2005 can listen and receive
requests on the TCP port (port 80)


Identifying the Role of HTTP Endpoints in Native Web Service Architecture (Contd.)

HTTP Endpoint Architecture:


Just a minute

On which of the following ports does the SQL Server listen
for HTTP requests?
1. 80
2. 90
3. 70

Answer:
1. 80


Creating HTTP Endpoints

Involves the following tasks:
1. Creating the required database code to access the data.
2. Creating an HTTP Endpoint using the CREATE ENDPOINT
statement.


Creating HTTP Endpoints (Contd.)

Syntax:
CREATE ENDPOINT endpoint_name
STATE = { STARTED | STOPPED | DISABLED }
AS HTTP (
AUTHENTICATION =( { BASIC | DIGEST |
INTEGRATED | NTLM | KERBEROS },
PATH = 'url', PORTS = (CLEAR) )
FOR SOAP(
[ { WEBMETHOD [ 'namespace' .] 'method_alias'
( NAME = 'database.owner.name'
[ , SCHEMA = { NONE | STANDARD | DEFAULT } ]
[ , FORMAT = { ALL_RESULTS | ROWSETS_ONLY } ])
} [ ,...n ] ]
[ BATCHES = { ENABLED | DISABLED } ]
[ , WSDL = { NONE | DEFAULT | 'sp_name' } ]
Let’s see how…


Just a minute

While creating an HTTP Endpoint, which of the following
format will you use to return only the result set to the user?
1. ROWSET_ONLY
2. ALL_RESULT
3. NONE

Answer:
1. ROWSET_ONLY


Demo: Implementing HTTP Endpoints

• Problem Statement:
The database server of AdventureWorks, Inc. is located at
Bothell. The organization has various offices located at various
locations spread across the globe.
According to the requirements, the users need to access the
data of all the employees at various locations. Users might
need to use PDAs or mobile phones to access these details.
As a database developer, you have decided to implement a
Web service that allows the users to access the data using the
Internet.
How will you implement this service inside the AdventureWorks
database?


Demo: Implementing HTTP Endpoints (Contd.)

Solution:
To solve the preceding problem, you need to perform the
following tasks:
1. Create a procedure.
2. Create an HTTP Endpoint for SOAP.
3. Verify the creation of HTTP endpoint. `


Summary

In this session, you learned that:
The database objects created in any of the .NET supported
languages are called managed database objects.
CLR integration provides the following benefits:
• Better programming model
• Common development environment
• Ability to define data types
T-SQL can be used to perform data access and manipulation
operations that can be implemented using the programming
constructs provided by T-SQL.


Summary (Contd.)

Managed database objects can be used in the following
situations:
To implement complicated programming logic for which you can
reuse the functionality provided by the .NET base class libraries.
To access external resources, such as calling a Web service or
accessing the file system.
To implement a CPU-intensive functionality that can run more
efficiently as compared to the managed code.
By default, the SQL Server does not allow running managed
code on the server.
Before creating a managed database object in your database,
the CLR integration feature should be enabled in the database
using the sp_configure stored procedure.
The .NET code that is used to create the managed database
objects is compiled in .NET assemblies, .dll or .exe files.
To create a managed database object, first first the.NET
assemblies are imported in the database engine.

Summary (Contd.)

The assemblies in the database engine can be given any of the
following three permissions:
SAFE
EXTERNAL_ACCESS
UNSAFE
Managed stored procedure can be created using the CREATE
PROCEDURE command.
Managed function can be created using the CREATE
FUNCTION command.
Managed trigger can be created using the CREATE TRIGGER
command.
Managed data type can be created using the CREATE TYPE
command.
A Web service is the piece of code that is exposed over the
Internet.


Summary (Contd.)

Web services have following advantages:
• Interoperability
• Multilanguage support
• Reusing existing applications
SOAP is a standard communication protocol to interchange
information in a structured format in a distributed environment.
WSDL is a markup language that describes a Web service.
UDDI provides a standard mechanism to register and discover
a Web service.
HTTP endpoints allow you to create and use Web services
within the SQL Server.
Before creating an HTTP endpoint, you need to first create
stored procedures or functions that form a Web service.


Summary (Contd.)

HTTP endpoints provide the users with a connecting point
through which they can access the implemented functions.
You can create HTTP endpoints by using the CREATE
ENDPOINT statement.


11 qmds2005 session16

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Editor's Notes