Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to 11 12, 15-22 asia
Similar to 11 12, 15-22 asia (20)
More from Sandy Anthony
More from Sandy Anthony (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
11 12, 15-22 asia
- 4. Russia & Eurasia’s Geography Russia is the largest country in the world Oceans on the north (Arctic) and mountains on the south Deserts and mountains keep Eurasia’s republics isolated Caucasus Mountains – Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia Central Asia – Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
- 7. Russia & Eurasian Climate Russia has cold, dark winters – half the land is permafrost Tundra, flat land found in arctic and subarctic regions, covers the far north Taiga, or forest, covers land south of that Central Asia includes deserts, mountains, forests, and steppes Efforts to grow cotton have been shrinking the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan Once the fourth largest lake in the world! In 2005, Kazakhstan built a dam to save the Aral Sea, but the south half is almost gone
- 9. Visit the Aral Sea! (2:32)
- 11. Russia & Eurasian History In the early 1200s, Genghis Khan established the Mongol Empire in Central Asia In the late 900s, Russia embraced the Eastern Orthodox branch of Christianity Over the centuries, czars, or emperors, like Catherine the Great built Russia into an empire Most Russian workers were serfs, or poor farmers, ruled by wealthy landlords In 1917, V.I. Lenin led a revolt of people who wanted to overthrow the czar, or emperor Russia became a communist state known as the U.S.S.R., or the Soviet Union Eventually, many other countries were added to the U.S.S.R, including the Eurasian Republics The Soviet Union dissolved in 1991
- 13. The Trans-Siberian Railroad World’s longest railroad, spanning 6,000 miles Designed to connect Moscow with Vladivostok, a busy port on the Pacific Shipping by land is much cheaper than by sea in Russia
- 14. After Chernobyl On April 26, 1986, a nuclear reactor at a power plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine, exploded and caught fire The worst nuclear disaster in history! A radioactive cloud 3,280 feet high spread out over parts of Ukraine, Blarus, and Russia Winds carried fallout into Europe Effects today: Health problems from exposure Plants and animals contaminated (cattle, fish) Visit Chernobyl (3:42)
- 19. Southwest Asia/ The Middle East
- 20. Deserts & Waterways The Middle East is predominately an arid, or very dry, desert region. Tigris and Euphrates Rivers These rivers have supported life for thousands of years. It provides the dry Middle East with a water source
- 22. Oil: The Middle East Currency More than half the earth’s oil reserves, or future supply, are located here Oil wealth has changed the way these countries do business It has also given them power to negotiate with other countries Supply and demand: What happens if a country chooses not to sell us oil?
- 24. Dubai Dubai in the United Arab Emirates is one of the world’s most modern cities Created the Palm Jumeirah and other manmade islands in the Persian Gulf Home to the Burj Khalifa, which stands 2,716.5 feet high Tallest building in the world!
- 25. Base Jumping from the Burj Khalifa (1:48)
- 27. Birthplace of Three Religions Southwest Asia is the birthplace of three monotheistic religions, or religions that worship one god Judaism Founder: Abraham Holy Book: Hebrew Bible, including the Torah Christianity Founder: Jesus of Nazareth Holy Book: Christian Bible Islam Founder: Muhammad Holy Book: Qur’an (Koran)
- 29. Middle Eastern Governments Monarchies (Rule by One): Saudi Arabia Ruled by a king Position is hereditary, or inherited Kings govern by Islamic law, and there is no formal constitution Only males over 21 have suffrage, or the right to vote Jordan Constitutional monarchy Half of representatives appointed by king and half elected by citizens All citizens 18 and older can vote
- 30. Middle Eastern Governments Democracies (Rule by the People) Israel Parliamentary democracy Citizens vote for parties instead of individuals, and seats in the legislature are assigned by voting percentage No formal constitution Turkey Became a republic in 1923 In the 1950s, Turkey became a multi- party system In 2007, voters approved a constitutional amendment to establish direct presidential elections
- 31. Middle Eastern Governments Theocratic Islamic Republic: Iran The Supreme Leader is appointed for life Interprets the Qu’ran in relation to Islamic law Has final say over all government decisions The president and the general assembly are elected by the people Powers are weak All decisions must be approved by the Supreme Leader or his General Council
- 33. Elusive Peace: Israel and Palestine After WWII, the nation of Israel was created by the United Nations The land of Palestine was divided into Arab and Jewish sections to create a homeland for the Jews A series of wars between Arabs and Israelis followed over disputed land Palestinians have launched several intifadas, or mass uprisings, to protest their loss of land Suicide bombings became common during the second intifada in the early 2000s Israel responded by building a wall and increasing security around the territories Israel/Palestine Conflict (2:00)
- 36. Iraq’s Problems & Promise Iraq is divided between three groups: Arabic Shi’ite (60%) and Sunni Muslims, and the Kurds (20%). Tensions between these groups have existed for centuries. Kurds often face discrimination. In the 1980s, Iraq and Iran went to war. It ended with no clear winner. In 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait. The U.S. and other countries formed a coalition, or alliance, and came to Kuwait’s defense. In 2003, another coalition invaded Iraq in search of weapons of mass destruction Iraq’s dictator, Saddam Hussein, was overthrown In 2005, free elections were held in Iraq for the first time. Iraq continues to struggle to remain free.
- 38. Afghanistan: Moving Forward Afghanistan has been hard to unite: Landlocked; lots of mountains and deserts Widely scattered ethnic groups and villages In 1996, a group called the Taliban took control of the government They imposed extreme Islamic law Destruction of art and non-Islamic culture Women could not work, go to school or leave the house without a male relative The Taliban encouraged other extremist groups, including al-Qaeda In response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the U.S. invaded Afghanistan to overthrow the Taliban
- 40. South Asia
- 41. A Land of Monsoons Monsoons are seasonal winds that bring intense rainfall during part of the year Summer = Wet monsoons May to early October Winds blow north and bring heavy rain Can cause flooding with 100+ inches per year Winter = Dry monsoons November to April Winds blow south and usually bring dry air Can cause drought and threaten crops
- 44. The Himalayas were formed when the subcontinent of India slammed into the side of Asia. Spread across India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and China Mount Everest elevation: 29,035 feet – the tallest mountain in the world Mountain Ranges in South Asia
- 47. Rivers in South Asia Two major rivers are the Ganges and the Indus Rivers The Ganges is sacred to Hindus Bodies are often burned and dumped there Laundry, festival celebrations in the river Raw sewage and industry also contribute Some parts of the river are officially “dead” India's Polluted Rivers (4:53)
- 51. Religion in South Asia Religions has shaped both borders and cultures in South Asia Four religions were founded in India: Hinduism Buddhism Sikhism Jainism In spite of being founded in Saudi Arabia, Islam is the second- largest religion in the region today (30%)
- 52. Hinduism Worships many deities Believe in reincarnation Life is determined by karma, or actions during a previous life Most important text: The Vedas Followers in South Asia: 63% of population Hindus make pilgrimages, or religious journeys, to the sacred Ganges River Hindu society is divided into castes, or different social groups – it is almost impossible to move from one caste to another The lowest caste is called the “Untouchables”
- 53. Buddhism Founded by Siddhartha Gautama, or Buddha Believe in The Four Noble Truths Suffering is a part of life Selfishness is a cause of suffering It is possible to move beyond suffering There is a path that leads to this point Main religion in Bhutan and Sri Lanka Followers in South Asia: 2% of population
- 54. Jainism Developed in the 7th century B.C. Believe in ahimsa, or nonviolence towards all living things Most Jains live in northwestern India Followers in South Asia: 1% of population Sikhism Began in India in the 1400s Combines aspects of Hinduism and Islam Believes in one god, truthful living, and equality of humankind Most Sikhs live in the Indian state of Punjab Followers in South Asia: 1% of population
- 55. South Asian Government Many Asian countries were colonies of the British Empire. The largest was India In the 1930s, lawyer Mohandas Gandhi led nonviolent protests against British rule He used civil disobedience, or nonviolent disobeying of laws, to attract attention to the cause of independence In 1947, the British passed a law to partition, or separate land into India and Pakistan In 1948, Gandhi was assassinated India and Pakistan continue to fight over the region of Kashmir to this day
- 56. Ghandi: Father of a Nation (2:56)
- 57. The Largest Democracy Today, India is the largest democracy, or government in which citizens make decisions directly In 2009, Meira Kumar became the first woman to be the first Speaker of the lower house of India’s Parliament She promised to work towards a “casteless” society By 2030, India is expected to pass China as the world’s most populous nation
- 58. Pakistan’s Changing Government Pakistan is an Islamic country created in 1947, but West and East Pakistan were separated In 1971, East Pakistan declared itself independent as the country of Bangladesh A major challenge has been lack of strong leadership In 1988, Benazir Bhutto was elected prime minister, but she was forced to flee in 1999 In 2007, she was assassinated, and her husband was elected in 2008 Today, Pakistan still struggles with violence and unrest
- 59. East Asia
- 60. Expanding Deserts The Gobi Desert is located in Mongolia and northern China Average yearly rainfall: 2-8 inches Temperature ranges: 113˚ F- -40˚ F. Expanding due to desertification, or a gradual transition from fertile to less productive land
- 63. China’s Three Gorges Dam Three Gorges is the largest dam in the world. Located on the Yangtze River Positives: Hydroelectric power Improved shipping Prevented flooding Negatives: Cost $25 billion Displaced 1.5 million people Buried 1,000+ historical and cultural sites May cause landslides and destroy endangered habitats Visit the Three Gorges Dam! (2:45)
- 66. Japan’s Island Arc Japan is a closely related group of islands, or archipelago Mountains cover almost ¾ of the nation Japan is located on the Ring of Fire About 1,500 earthquakes per year and thousands of volcanic eruptions March 11, 2011 – a 9.0 earthquake rocked Japan and triggered a massive tsunami 12,000+ killed Nuclear power plants melted down
- 72. Religion: Confucianism Confucianism is an ethical system founded by Confucius, a Chinese teacher An ethical system teaches moral, or right, behavior Confucius’ teaching are based on five relationships After his death, Confucius’ students wrote down his teachings In time, Chinese rulers adopted the teachings In 1949, the Communist Party banned, or outlawed Confucianism. The ban was lifted in 1977
- 73. Blending Beliefs Before Buddhism spread to East Asia, many people practiced Confucianism and Daoism, another ethical system In Mongolia, Buddhism has mixed with animism, a belief that everything has a soul In Japan, Shinto is a belief similar to animism where followers worship ancestor spirits Many people practice more than one religion Belief in more than one god = polytheism Belief in one god = monotheism Missionaries came to East Asia in the 1600s, and today, 30% of South Koreans are Christians
- 74. Early Chinese Dynasties For thousands of years, China was governed by dynasties, or a series of rulers from the same family Shang and Zhou Dynasties: 1766 B.C.–221 B.C. Largely agricultural Qin Dynasty: 221B.C.—210 B.C. Built the Great Wall of China Left behind 8000+ terra cotta warriors Han Dynasty: 206 B.C.—A.D. 220 Expanded the empire, or a group of states ruled by a single strong ruler, through the Silk Roads Silk Roads – ancient trade routes that connected Southwest and Central Asia with China
- 76. See the Terra Cotta Army! (4:10)
- 77. Visit the Great Wall of China! (Cut at 2:21)
- 78. Communist Revolution In the mid-1930s, Mao Zedong led 100,000 Communists against China’s government In 1949, the Communists took over China They seized all businesses and land, then forced peasants to work on collective farms Their farming plan led to 20 million people starving from crop failure and malnutrition In the 1970s, the Cultural Revolution was Mao’s plan to eliminate anti-Communist elements from China Attacking the elites, especially teachers and intellectuals Mao died in 1976, but China remains Communist
- 79. The Korean War After WWII, the Korean Peninsula was divided along the 38th parallel. In 1947, the Soviet Union established a Communist government in the north In the south, the U.S. helped create a democracy In 1950, North Korea attacked South Korea, and the U.S. helped the South fight Four million soldiers and civilians were killed In 1953, UN forces and North Korea signed an armistice, or an agreement to stop fighting, but a treaty was never signed A demilitarized zone (DMZ), still divides the country Technically, North and South Korea are still at war
- 81. North Korea vs. South Korea North Korea has an isolation policy. Has restricted trade Trades with China Produces military equipment South Korea trades with Japan and U.S. Growing economy Depends heavily on manufacturing In 2010, North Korea North Korea began developing nuclear weapons, ending hopes of reunification
- 83. Life in North Korea
- 84. Life in South Korea
- 85. Southeast Asia
- 86. Governing Fragmented Countries Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines face challenges forming unified countries Indonesia 17,000 islands spread across 3,200 miles 300+ ethnic groups; 700+ languages Malaysia Two parts of a country separated by hundreds of miles of ocean Malay majority; Chinese and Indian minorities The Phillippines Thousands of islands, less than a square mile in size Widespread use of Filipino language helps identity A third of all people are poor – millions leave to find work elsewhere and send work home
- 87. Southeast Asian Geography Southeast Asia is made up of mainland and island countries Mainland: Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos (landlocked) Often face typhoons, or fierce tropical storms Island: Indonesia and the Philippines Have many active volcanoes Can face tsunamis, or giant ocean waves Covered in mountainous rainforest terrain Some rainforests are now being destroyed
- 88. Religious Traditions Many religions have influenced Southeast Asia Many nations first practiced animism Buddhism is most popular in Thailand and Myanmar In Thailand, 95% are Buddhists Islam is the main religion of Indonesia, the most populous Muslim nation in the world In the Philippines and East Timor, many people practice Roman Catholicism
- 89. Thailand Today Thai has very distinctive architecture: wats, or Buddhist temples Almost every village has a wat with a community of monks, or men who devote themselves to religious work Most young men become monks for at least three months during a rainy season Four out of five young people now live and work in cities, especially in Bangkok
- 90. Bangkok, Thailand Visit Bangkok! (4:00)
- 91. Fragmented Countries In Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines face challenges as fragmented countries Indonesia’s 17,000 islands stretch across 3,200 miles and are very different Malaysia has both island and mainland areas The Philippines have thousands of islands, most of which are less than a square mile in size Each nation tries to promote unity so its citizens will feel united
- 92. Any Questions?