This document provides details of a project report on a pedal and solar operated water purifier developed by a group of students. It includes an introduction outlining the need for the project, literature review on previous related works, and description of the methodology and components used to fabricate the water purification system. The system is designed to operate without electricity by utilizing human power from pedaling to run the purification process through a dynamo, battery, and filter unit. The goal is to develop a low-cost portable water purification solution for use in remote areas.

1. DR BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR
MARATHAWADA UNIVERSITY
AURANGABAD
A PROJECT REPORT
ON
PEDAL&SOLAR OPERATED
WATERPURIFIER
BY
YOGESH NIMBOLKAR
VINAYAK NANDANE
ARJUN MORE
DIPAK MORE
GUIDED BY
PROF. S.R.RATHOD
Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree Of
Bachelor of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
International Centre of Excellence in
Engineering and Management Campus
MIDC Waluj Water Treatment Plant
Aurangabad 431136

2. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled
PEDAL&SOLAR OPERATED WATER PURIFIER
Submitted By
YOGESH NIMBOLKAR
VINAYAK NANDANE
ARJUN MORE
DIPAK MORE
Is completed as per the requirements of the Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar Marathawada University Aurangabad in partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of bachelor of
Engineering
For the academic year 2020-21
Guide HOD, Mechanical
Department
Director
ICEEM
Prof. S.R.RATHOD Prof. S. B. JANJAL Dr. C. S. Padmavat

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Any accomplishment requires efforts of many people and this work is no different. It
involves all technical and non-technical experience from various sources. I wish to thank all
experts whose experience helped me in completing this seminar/project.I am glad to express
sincere thanks to guide Prof. S.R.RATHODwho offered me valuable tips to give our seminar
an impressive shape.I would also thank our Head, Prof. S.M.DESHMUKHwho offered me
valuable tips to our dissertation an impressive shape.I would like to thanks to our Director. Dr.
C. S. PADMAVAT, International Centre of Excellence in Engineering & Management
Aurangabad, for valued support and faith in me.I am glad to express my sincere thanks to my
parents, for motivating and inspiring to complete this Project.Finally, I am thankful to all the
technical staff, non-technical staff as well as my friends that extended their co-operation
towards us as and when needed.
YOGESH NIMBOLKAR
VINAYAK NANDANE
ARJUN MORE
DIPAK MORE

4. Table of Content
Sr. No. Particular Page No.
1 Introduction 1-4
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Necessity 3
1.3 Objectives 4
2 Literature Survey 5-8
2.1 History 5
2.2 Literature review 6
2.3 Problem statement 8
3 Fabrication of Pedal operated Water Filteration Development 9-22
3.1 Working principle 9
3.2 Methodology of water filtration system 10
3.3 Component used 11
3.4 Fabrication of purification system 22
4 Performance and Analysis 23-25
4.1 Performance 23
4.2 specification of components 25
5 Result and Discussion 26-28
5.1Advantages 27
5.2Limitations 28
6 Conclusion
Referances
30-31

5. 1
Introduction
Chapter No. 1
The Earth is covered by 75% water, yet one of the world’s greatest issues is a lack of
drinking water. Water is vital element on earth and is very essential to sustain life, and a
satisfactory and safe supply must be available to all. But nowadays, the water is getting
contaminated due to industrialization which produce large amount of wastes which contains
toxic chemicals and pollutants which leads to many water related diseases. They contain
pollutants such as sulphur, asbestos, nitrates and harmful chemicals. In many developing
countries, people walk many miles to reach a source of water that is not necessarily potable.
Water can contain dirt, minerals, chemicals and other impurities that make it smell and taste
bad. Some of these contaminants can endanger health, especially when they include
microscopic organisms and bacteria that can cause serious illness.
Humans can live for weeks without food, but only a few days without water (Water.org
Inc., 2009). Many people in developing countries barely have access to any water source at all
and for those that do, the water is completely filthy and disease-ridden. To decrease the
contamination of water, we can use different processes such as boiling, distillation, water
chlorination, sedimentation, reverse osmosis, solid block activated carbon, granular activated
carbon, water softeners, sediment filters, boiling, bottled water, ozonation, ion exchange and
filtration. Among all the above process mentioned Reverse Osmosis is best suited for issues
which were originally designed for mainly two things, they are: Desalination of brackish water
or sea water and Reducing very specific chemical contaminants. Reverse Osmosis is needed to
remove Fluoride, sodium, total dissolved salts, or chemicals like arsenic, radium and nitrates.
The water purification system can be operated by means of many ways like electrical
energy, solar energy, thermal energy, gravitational potential energy, magnetic energy etc but
needs much resources making the process costlier. But there are newer methods like pedal
powered water purification (PPWF) which makes process less costlier and several authors
worked on it.

6. 2
Pedal Powered Water Pump along with water purification (PPWPWP)is an eco
friendly system. The PPWPWP works only on mechanical energy without electricity.
PPWPWP provides drinking water and irrigation in remote areas where electricity is still a
major problem
.along with providing eco friendly environment it also helps to regulate a good health while
pedaling PPWP is not only free from pollution but also provide healthy exercise. PPWPW
Produces the rising energy costs. PPWPWP was designed as a portable one which can be used
for irrigation in various places. PPWPWP consists of a centrifugal pump operated by pedal
power. The centrifugal pump is positioned on its stand in such a way that driven shaft of the
centrifugal pump has butted to the bicycle wheel. By pedaling the bicycle, the bicycle wheel
rotates, thereby rotating the centrifugal pump which in turns discharges water from the sump
and transmitted to pre filter which purify the water simultaneously.
The objective of providing pure drinking water throughout the world is one that has been an
ongoing process for the past decades. Although we fully support the work done by charities
such as The Water Project and Water.org, we believe that it will be a very long time until water
can be provided as a clean source located locally throughout all developing countries.
Therefore, our motivation was stemmed from the idea of quickly aiding those less fortunate
areas, as well as providing a backup should those regions run into contamination problems
within their local wells. In addition our solution will exponentially reduce the time taken to
retrieve the water, and allow time for more beneficial tasks to be accomplished in their native
area. With our model we will be able to provide a working solution that mends the problem
until a permanent clean water well can be produced within that community.

7. 3
Necessity
 Water is of major importance to all living things.
 We purify water to get rid of contaminants that can be detrimental to our health
 Upto 60% of the human body is water
 therefore quality of water we drink is very important
 The drinking water should be very clean, pure, and free of any disease causing microbes, and
that’s why it should be properly treated before using it for drinking purpose.

8. 4
Objectives
 The main objective of this project is to fabricate the pedal operated water purifier
which will operate withoutelectricity.
 Pedal powered water purification by RO method meets the need of people without
requiring any “electricalenergy”.
 This filtration system could be brought into remote areas and emergencyconditions
like “flood, famineearthquakes”.
 The purpose of this project is to design and fabricate a small scale water purification
kit which requires ‘minimal maintenance’ and which is ‘costefficient’.
 State what is waterpurification.
 Work in groups to present methods of purifying using creativemethods.

9. 5
Chapter No.2
2. Literature Survey
History
The history of water filters can be traced to the earliest civilisations with written records. Water
filters have been used throughout history to improve the safety and aesthetics of water intended
to be used for drinking or bathing. In modern times, they are also widely used in industry and
commerce.
Ancient Sanskrit and Egyptian writings document practices that were followed to keep
water pure for drinking. Hippocrates conducted his own experiments in water purification.[1]His
theory of the four humors of the body led him to believe that the maintenance of good health
required that the four humors be kept in balance. He recommended that feverish patients
immerse themselves in a bath of cool water, which would help realign the temperature and
harmony of the four humors. Hippocrates believed that water had to be clean and pure and he
designed a crude water filter to “purify” the water he used for his patients. Sir Francis Bacon in
his famous compilation "A Natural History of Ten Centuries" 1627 (Baker &Taras, 1981)
discussed desalination and began the first scientific experimentation into water filtration.
He believed that if seawater was allowed to percolate through the sand, it would be
purified of salt. He thought that sand particles would obstruct the passage of salt in thewater.
By the early 1900s, water treatment experimentation had turned from the prevention of
waterborne diseases to the creation of softer, less-mineralized water. Water softeners, which
use sodium ions to replace water-hardening minerals in water, were first introduced into the
water treatment market in 1903.The theory of ion exchange involves replacing undesirable or
potentially harmful ions with more desirable or harmless ones. This is implemented in domestic
water treatment system as water softeners. These not only remove calcium ions, but also lead
and other heavy metals fromwater

10. 6
Literature Review:
 Yuichi katsuara et. al (2011) president of Nippon basic company was the first company
to give Portable Water Purifying System “Cycloclean” poweredby pedaling bicycle to
make 5 liter(max.) of clean water in a minute at a technology fair in Tokyo. It need man
power to turn a bike chain driving motor to pump water through series of filter (without
the use of electricity). Clean water can be utilized for domesticpurpose.
 Ademola Samuel Akinwonmi et. al (2012)has prepared pedal power water purification
anddesignwasfocusedonprocessofconception,invention,visualization,calculation
etc. he also made a force analysis to check performance criteria. The physical parameter
of design was determined by the appropriate calculation and the practical consideration
with some reasonable assumption. It is discovered that the design is simple, cheap,
efficient and affordable as could be seen from the readily available materials used. It also
use the Bernoulli’s principle for the flow calculation with the help ofperistalticpump.
 Betzabe Gonzalez et. al (2014) has studied on the design and he used peristaltic pump
with silicone tubing. This tubing was visually better suited for our project having no
kindstoreduceflow,easytocleanandflexibleenoughtocreatesuctionbetween
rollers. Sidecar is added to the bicycle for the two tanks setup one of dirty water & other
of clean water tank for utilization around the home. Filtered water we get through
thisdesign.
 A. Peramanan et. al (2014) has studied the fabrication of Human Power Reverse
Osmosis Water Purification Process. The device use pedal to harms human motion to
convertitintousablepowertorunareverseosmosisfiltrationsystem.Osmosisisa
natural process in which a liquid from a less concentrated solution flows through a semi
permeable membrane to more concentrated solution. Reverse osmosis is an effective
method of reducing the concentration of total dissolved solid sand many impurities found
in water. The project has been carried out to make an impressing task in the field of water
purificationmethod.
 Jayant Gidwani et. al (2016) has done the fabrication and experimental investigation of
pedal powered water pump along with the purification system which is use forpure

11. 7
drinking water supply and garden irrigation purpose. The design has the working of
centrifugal pump which is been operated by pedal power.
 Irjet Pratik s. Nagrare et al 2017 [1] proposed a pedal powered purified watersupply
device. It works on the principle of compression and sudden release of a tube by creating
negative pressure in the tube and this vacuum created draws water from the sump into
the pump while rollers push the water through to the filter where adsorption takes place
to purify the water. This paper proposes to take on challenges associated with the
accessibility and cleanliness of water in developing countries by designing and building
a filtration system and sidecar that are portable, durable, and cost-effective.

12. 8
Problem Statement
 Developing countries around the world face debilitating challenges accessing safe and
clean drinking water. Alarming statistics led us to the idea that that we could use a simple
mechanism of transportation that is common in these areas, such as the bicycle, to help aid
their water and sanitation struggles. Our goal is to design a bicycle attachment to purify
and transport water from contaminated sources that is active while the rider is pedaling.
This attachment, though not a permanent solution, would be a contribution to the
improvement of their quality of life. Water crisis which causes lack of drinkable water in
the crucial areas. In rural areas, the electricity power cut is a big problem. Hence we can
present this project as a solution on this problem.
 To overcome the above said problems this project can be represented which is utilizing
maximum effort. Also the whirling problem is resolved.

13. 9
Chapter No. 3
3 Fabrication Of Pedal Operated Water Filtration Development
Working Principle
This design is composed of a peristaltic pump powered by paddling, a carbon filter
and hose or flexible tube as shown in Fig.1. An operator sits on the seat and pedals, the pedal
crank transfer the motion to the rotor thus the rollers. The tube is squeezed by the set of
rollers to move the fluid. By constricting the tube and increasing the low-pressure volume, a
vacuum is created to pull the liquid into the tube. Once in the pump, the liquid is pushed
through the tube by compressing the tube at a number of points in contact with the rollers.
The media is moved through the tube with each rotating or oscillating motion. The water is
then forced through a filter which removes chemicals, bad taste and smell, pollutants,
turbidity and other micro-organisms. The viruses are then killed by the UV powered by the
battery charged by using a dynamo or a solar panel making the water now safe and
drinkable.
he system uses a pedal fixed sprocket with chain attached to supply circular force to
the dynamo to driven. The power generated by the dynamo is stored in the battery. Then the
power is supplied to filter which are used to purifies the water. Thus we achieve a pedal
powered water purification system as a renewable water purifier.
There are only three major principles on which our working model generally works:
1. Power transmission through chain drive mechanism.
2. Bernoulli’s equation
3. Power transmission through pulley belt arrangement.

14. 10
Methodology of Work
In this project we generally give mechanical power to the shaft, and the shaft is
connected to pump which is mounted on bicycle. The power generated by pedaling is
transferred to the rear sprocket as is done in bicycle via chain drive. The rear sprocket is
connected to pulley, which is connected to another pulley on the same shaft & axes. The power
generated is being supplied to the rear sprocket then to the pulley connected, then to the second
pulley connected mounted on the same shaft. The power by this shaft is transferred to the pump.
The inlet of the pump is connected to the surge tank via pipe. Outlet of the pump is connected
to the water purifier for purification process. With the help of this setup we can have a discharge
to a certain head if required or we can purify water when needed.
The goals of the treatment are to remove unwanted constituents in the water and to make
it safe to drink or fit for a specific purpose in industry or medical applications. Widely varied
techniques are available to remove contaminants like fine solids, micro-organisms and some
dissolved inorganic and organic materials, or environmental persistent pharmaceutical
pollutants. The choice of method will depend on the quality of the water being treated, the cost
of the treatment process and the quality standards expected of the processed water.

15. 11
Components Used
 Dynamo
 Container
 Chain drive
 Chain
 Sprockets
 2 stage Filter unit
 Battery
 Supporting frame
 Water Pump
 Pedal
 Screws and bolts

16. 12
Dynamo
Bicycle dynamos are alternators equipped with permanent magnets, which produce AC current.
Two types of dynamos available are the hub dynamo and the bottle dynamo. Hub dynamo is built into
the hub of a bicycle wheel. Here generation of electricity is done by using the rotation of the bicycle
wheel. A bottle dynamo is also small electric generator like hub dynamo. It is generally placed to the
rear wheel of the bicycle. A bottle dynamo acts like a small alternator
Principle-
It is known that when an electrical conductor cuts across a magnetic field an EMF is induced in
the conductor. If the circuit is completed between the ends of the moving conductor a current will be
established as shown in which current will, in turn, react on the magnetic field and exert a force tending
to stop the motion of the conductor the arrow a shows the direction of motion while C shows the direction
of the reacting force. If we continue to move the conductor against this force, the current will continue
to flow but work must be done to move the conductor against the opposing force, thus it might be said
that we have converted dynamic energy into electrical energy, for electrical energy has been obtained at
the expense of mechanical effort. A machine for generating electrical energy that operates on this
principle is called a dynamo electric machine or an electric generator. These terms are often abbreviated
in dynamo and generator.

17. 13
Need-
Dynamo can be used to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. Alternating current can
be produced normally using the dynamo. This current can power devices, which work on AC directly,
can be converted and used for devices working on DC. The amount of power generated from a dynamo
by pedaling is sufficient to power the devices, which require low power. Most of the electronic gadgets
including mobile phones and iPods can be powered using this. These devices can be charged while
either riding the bicycle or by keeping the bicycle stationary and pedaling. Dynamo is small,
lightweight and is therefore best to use in bicycles. The problem with a simple generator is that when
the rotor rotates it eventually turns completely around, reversing the current. There are various
renewable energy sources such solar, wind, hydropower etc. In addition, people use fossil fuels, which
are non-renewable. These resources are very expensive. Therefore, there is a need for cheap, renewable
energy source. As long as we are pedaling and the system is working fine, we can get the power
whenever needed. Power generation using bicycle is very cheap and eco-friendly. Even though people
have been using pedal power for various day to-day chores, generating electricity from pedaling was
not in vogue until few decades back.

18. 14
Battery
Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have metallic lithium as an anode. These types of
batteries are also referred to as lithium-metal batteries.
They stand apart from other batteries in their high charge density (long life) and high cost per unit.
Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages
from 1.5 V (comparable to a zinc–carbon or alkaline battery) to about 3.7 V.
Disposable primary lithium batteries must be distinguished from secondary lithium-ion or a lithium-
polymer,[1] which are rechargeable batteries. Lithium is especially useful, because its ions can be
arranged to move between the anode and the cathode, using an intercalated lithium compound as the
cathode material but without using lithium metal as the anode material. Pure lithium will instantly react
with water, or even moisture in the air; the lithium in lithium ion batteries is in a less reactive
compound.
Lithium batteries are widely used in portable consumer electronic devices, and in electric vehicles
ranging from full sized vehicles to radio controlled toys. The term "lithium battery" refers to a family of
different lithium-metal chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes but all with
metallic lithium as the anode. The battery requires from 0.15 to 0.3 kg of lithium per kWh. As designed
these primary systems use a charged cathode, that being an electro-active material with crystallographic
vacancies that are filled gradually during discharge.The most common type of lithium cell used in
consumer applications uses metallic lithium as anode and manganese dioxide as cathode, with a salt of
lithium dissolved in an organic solvent.

19. 15
Applications-
Lithium batteries find application in many long-life, critical devices, such as pacemakers and
other implantable electronic medical devices. These devices use specialized lithium-iodide batteries
designed to last 15 or more years. But for other, less critical applications such as in toys, the lithium
battery may actually outlast the device. In such cases, an expensive lithium battery may not be cost-
effective.
Lithium batteries can be used in place of ordinary alkaline cells in many devices, such
as clocks and cameras. Although they are more costly, lithium cells will provide much longer life,
thereby minimizing battery replacement. However, attention must be given to the higher voltage
developed by the lithium cells before using them as a drop-in replacement in devices that normally use
ordinary zinc cells.

20. 16
Water Pump
Battery sprayer motor 12 v. High pressure diaphragm water pump with pressure switch and
threaded interface. Multi-purpose: home use for garden sprinklers, shower, water taps in the boat, caravan
or motor. Water pumps are commonly used on construction sites for dewatering or removing excess
water accumulation. Water can build up due to heavy rains or from a high water table, and pumps allow
you to move the water quickly to minimize downtime. Water pumps suitable for this application come in
two main types and can be electric, gas-powered, hydraulic, or manual. There are two basic types of
water pumps: centrifugal and positive displacement. Both types are designed to move water from one
place to another continuously.
A centrifugal water pump uses a rotating impeller to move water into the pump and pressurize the
discharge flow. Centrifugal water pumps come in several different types, including standard, trash, and
submersible models. All liquids can be pumped using centrifugal water pumps, even those with low
viscosity. These pumps work well with thin liquids and offer high flow rates.

21. 17
Filter Unit
A water filter removes impurities by lowering contamination of water using a fine physical
barrier, a chemical process, or a biological process. Filters cleanse water to different extents for purposes
such as providing agricultural irrigation, accessible drinking water, public and private aquaria, and the
safe use of ponds and swimming pools.
Water filters are used by hikers,[4] aid organizations during humanitarian emergencies, and the
military. These filters are usually small, portable and lightweight (1-2 pounds/0.5-1.0 kg or less), and
usually filter water by working a mechanical hand pump, although some use a siphon drip system to
force water through while others are built into water bottles. Dirty water is pumped via a screen-filtered
flexible silicon tube through a specialized filter, ending up in a container. These filters work to
remove bacteria, protozoa and microbial cysts that can cause disease. Filters may have fine meshes that
must be replaced or cleaned, and ceramic water filters must have their outside abraded when they have
become clogged with impurities.
These water filters should not be confused with devices or tablets that disinfect water which remove or
kill viruses such as hepatitis A and rotavirus.

22. 18
Sprocket
in mechanical or automotive engineering, a freewheel or overrunning clutch is a device in a
transmission that disengages the drive shaft from the driven shaft when the driven shaft rotates faster
than the driveshaft. An overdrive is sometimes mistakenly called a free wheel, but is otherwise unrelated.
The condition of a driven shaft spinning faster than its driveshaft exists in most bicycles when the rider
holds his or her feet still, no longer pushing the pedals. In a fixed-gear bicycle, without a free wheel, the
rear wheel would drive the pedals around. The simplest freewheel device consists of two saw-toothed,
spring-loaded discs pressing against each other with the toothed sides together, somewhat like a ratchet.
Rotating in one direction, the saw teeth of the drive disc lock with the teeth of the driven disc, making it
rotate at the same speed. If the drive disc slows down or stops rotating, the teeth of the driven disc slip
over the drive disc teeth and continue rotating, producing a characteristic clicking sound proportionate to
the speed difference of the driven gear relative to that of the (slower) driving gear.

23. 19
Cycle chain
A bicycle chain is a roller chain that transfers power from the pedals to the drive-wheel of a
bicycle, thus propelling it. Most bicycle chains are made from plain carbon or alloy steel, but some are
nickel-plated to prevent rust, or simply for aesthetic. Efficiency Bicycle chain can be very energy
efficient: one study reported efficiencies as high as 98.6%.The study, performed in a clean laboratory
environment, found that efficiency was not greatly affected by the state of lubrication. A larger sprocket
will give a more efficient drive because it moves the point of pressure farther away from the axle, placing
less stress on the bearings, thus reducing friction in the inner wheel. Higher chain tension was found to
be more efficient: "This is actually not in the direction you'd expect, based simply on friction.

24. 20
CHAIN PULLEY, FREE WHEEL, PEDAL
These components are used for the cycling process. Pedals are connected to the main free wheel.
There to chain is attached to the small free wheel. When cycling speed is increased on main free wheel
then the chain rotates in heavy motion .Automatically smaller free wheel get rotates because of chain
attachment.

25. 21
Fabrication of purification system

26. 22
Bill of Materials
Sr. NO. Name Material Discription Rate/ Cost
1
5 Nos. Project
Book Prepration
& Binding
Concept Design , All Mechanical Parts
Detailing , BOM of Project .
1000.00
2
Pedal Mechanism
Setup
big sprocket 350.00
small sprocket 350.00
Chain 290.00
crank assembly 1250.00
pedal 2 nos. 450.00
Rotary transmission shaft, coupling &
Bearing
450.00
Fabrication - sub assembly 350.00
3 Pump Battery operated water Pump 850.00
4 Container 1
Input impure Water storage SS Container
capacity 10 liter
200.00
5 Filter unit
2 Stage domastic water filtration unit with
mounting board & Asscereis
1800.00
7 Fabrication
Fabrication with material , Assembly,
Project Display Board, Color coding,
BOM identification, process flow
diagram
1000.00
10 Cost of Project 8340.00

27. 23
4 Performance and Analysis
Chapter No.4
 In the pedal operated water filtration system, we have firstly done the analysis by
theoretically, before actual performance of testing of different samples of water, the
different samples of water collected from various resources like river, lake, bore, well, etc.
water tested for various testing method and then found the solution of this water samples
like its pH value, its compatibility of use for drinking.
 We are going to collect different samples of water and perform a testing of this samples
using this pedal operated water filter. The result obtained from testing of sample like
 its pH value, it is suitable for drinking or not, its extent of use, at which level it can be
applied, such results are collected and this results for different water samples are
compared and hence we can decide in which type of area, we can apply this project.

28. 24
Dynamo
Power source- battery, DC
RoHS compliant
Material- copper
weight-100 gm
Voltage-12V
width-10cm
height-5 cm
2-Stage purifier
filter material- polypropylene
suitable for all type of Ros
Filteration stages- 2
core material- ABS grade plastic
height-25cm
weight-200 gm
diameter – 10 cm
Battery
type- alkaline
Capacity- 1.3 mAh
Colour- brown
voltage- 12V
width- 97mm
height- 52mm
depth-43mm
weight- 1.4 kg

29. 25
Water Pump
Type- Diaphragm
Flow rate- 5.5 LPM
total head- 5m
Power supply- 12V dc
motor Power- 5HP
power rating- 12kW
weight- 500 gm
Chain and sprocket
Material- low carbon steel
teeth ratio- 7:3
Diameter D- 22 cm
diameter d- 8 cm

30. 26
Chapter No. 5
5 Result And Disscusion
 The design is focused on all the processes of conception, invention, visualization,
calculation, refinement and specification of details that determined the form of the system.
The design has gone under force analysis so that its performance criterion will not fail in
the sense. The main physical parameter of the design are determined through the
appropriate calculation and practical considerations with reasonable assumptions. It is
discovered that the design is simple, cheap, efficient and affordable as could be seen from
the radically available material used.
 With the help of this project, we can compare filtration of different water samples and we
can find its compatibility of drinking use. Hence we can present this project as a modified
type of filtration system operating by pedal powered.
 A testing of a purified water sample is done at our laboratory and pH and Hardness of
water is calculated, analyzed and concluded below.

31. 27
Advantages
 It is designed as a portable one which can be used for irrigation in various places.
 Operated by pedal power and therefore can be used in areas where electricity is
irregular or insufficient.
 Simplistic in design, operations and handling.
 It is useful in village’s water purification cruises.
 Pedal powered centrifugal pump is cost-effective.
 It is energy saving.
 PPCP can be used in remote places where electricity is not available.

32. 28
Limitations
 The setup requires high initial cost.
 Maintenance is to be done at regular intervals.
 Water remained after purification cannot be used for any other purpose.

33. 29
Chapter No. 6
Conclusions
 Water is the vital source to live the life in comfort zone. So water must be needed to each
and every living being and in any situation. But due to increasing in pollution due to
various issues water is getting contaminated. The massive pollution of water is therefore
emerging as a global challenge that requires a global response. But the purification of water
became much costlier with the increasing need of it. At the same time, several people
proposed different methods of water purification which consumes less resource.
 The benefits associated with access to safe drinking water provide a strong argument to
increase resource allocations to interventions aimed at further improving the current
drinking- water situation, as a key entry point for achieving much wider livelihood
benefits. The pedal operated water filtration system is a new system that is useful in
developing countries like India to have daily access to safe drinking water all by harnessing
the energy of pedal power. After completing the project, conclude that our project is simple
in construction and compact in size for use. Manufacturing of machine is easy and cost of
the machine is less.
 A test conducted on the filtered water sample 1 is analyzed and results obtained are
mentioned below.
 pH test result: 7.57 (method of testing: IS3025 part 11)
 Total hardness as CaCO3: 180.0 mg/L (method of testing: IS 3025 part 21)

34. 30
References
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