overview of electricity generation in India and case study of Arun Dish

1. Presented by:-
Ashish Yadav
M.Tech scholar
DTU, Delhi

2. The Earth is getting warmer because
people are adding heat-trapping
gases to the atmosphere, mainly by
burning fossil fuels. These gases are
called greenhouse gases. Warmer
temperatures are causing other
changes around the world, such as
melting glaciers and stronger storms.

3.  Earth and sea temperatures are rising.
 Ice is thinning- Antarctica is heating up
 Oceans Currents are accelerating rapidly
 Drought formation
 Flora and Fauna are vanishing
 Extreme Weather conditions taking place.

4. HOW LONG CAN WE DEPEND ON
FOSSIL FUELS?
 COAL – Global reserve estimated 8,91,531 million
tonnes (R/P-110yrs)
India reserves-62,407 million tonnes (R/P-94yrs)
 Oil - Global reserve estimated 239.8 Billion tonnes
(R/P-52.5yrs)
India reserves-0.71 Billion tonnes (R/P-17.6)
 GAS - – Global reserve estimated 187.1Trillion cubic
meters (R/P-54.1yrs)
India reserves- 1.49Trillion cubic meters (R/P-45yrs)

5. 69%
15%
14%
2%
Installed power capacity
THERMAL
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
TOTAL INSTALLED
CAPACITY IS
314,642MW

6.  Total installed capacity of India is
314,642MW.
 Out of which renewable is contributing
50,018MW around 15.8% of total installed
capacity.
 The Government of India aims to reach
a renewable energy capacity of 175 GW by
2022.

9.  Solar radiation is 1000w/m2
 A panel of 2m2 produces 300w
 Its efficiency is 15%
 8 Ampere current and 40 Volt
 So 4 panels required for 1KW setup.
 It will produce 4units per day.
 With series and parallel combination we can increase
the power requirement
 Suitable inverter are required
 Recently quoted price Rs2.97 per unit.

11. 11
11
Solar Thermal Power Technologies
Concentrating Collectors to generate steam
parabolic trough (PSA) solar tower (SNL)
linear Fresnel (Solarmundo) parabolic dish + sterling (SBP)
Line
Focus
< 500°
Point
Focus
~ 1000°

12. ARUN Dishes are a class of Fresnel Paraboloid
solar reflecting concentrators which are
capable of delivering very high temperature
at output.

13. Key components of ARUN dish based system are:
1. ARUN Dish
• Collector
• Receiver
• Dish stand
• Tracking System
2. Balance of System
• Piping
• Instrumentation and Safety Mechanism
• Storage System (optional)

15.  Fluids used:- Water-steam or thermic fluid or
air
 Temperature range Up to:- 250°C
 Operating wind speed Upto:- 15 m/s or 54
kmph
 Survival wind speed Upto:- 39 m/s or 140
kmph
 Expected System life:- 25 years

17. Application By 1 ARUN160
Dry Saturated
Steam
1200 kg
Hot Water 25,000 liters
Cooling 25 TR for 8-10
hours
Cooking 7,500 meals
Milk Pasteurization 30,000 liters
Effluent
evaporation
2.5m3
Laundry 600 kg
Output per day, on a clear
sunny day

18. Industrial
Sectors
Hospitality
Sector
Comfort
Cooling
Community
Cooking
Residential
sector
Industry Working Fluids Temperature Range
Pharmaceutical Industry Steam, Air 80°C - 230°C
Textile industry Water, Steam 60°C - 150°C
Chemical Industry Steam, Air 80°C - 320°C
Pulp & Paper Industry Steam Up to185°C
Food Industry Steam, Air 80°C - 280°C
Mechanical Industry Water, Steam 60°C - 150°C
Automobile Industry Water, Steam 60°C - 200°C

19. Industrial
Sectors
Hospitality
Sector
Comfort
Cooling
Community
Cooking
Residential
sector
Process Working Fluids Temperature Range
Laundry Steam 150°C - 180°C
Cooking Steam 120°C - 280°C
Cleaning, Bathing Water 50°C - 65°C

20. Industrial
Sectors
Hospitality
Sector
Comfort
Cooling
Community
Cooking
Residential
sector
The thermal energy of solar radiation to
power thermally driven cooling machines
(VAM: Vapour Absorption Machine)
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air
Conditioning) networks contribute over 30%
of a building energy usage

21. Industrial
Sectors
Hospitality
Sector
Comfort
Cooling
Community
Cooking
Residential
sector
Item Per meal intake
Heat required for
cooking
Temperature
required
Rice, Dal,
Veg
Rice – 100gm
Dal – 50gm
Vegetable – 50gm (dry
weight)
85-90 kcal / meal 120°C
Chapattis
25gm per chapatti, 2
chapaties per meal
~50kcal /
chapatti, OR
100kcal / meal
~280°C
Hot water,
milk, etc
200ml equivalent 50 kcal / day ~100°C

22. Industrial
Sectors
Hospitality
Sector
Comfort
Cooling
Community
Cooking
Residential
sector
Process Working Fluids Temperature Range
Bathing & washing Water 40°C- 60°C
Kitchen – utensil
washing
Water 40°C- 60°C

23. ◦ Cooking (substituting LPG @ Rs80/kg): 2-3 years
◦ Process Heat
 Substituting Furnace Oil, Diesel, PNG @ Rs 40/lit: 3 - 4
years
 Substituting Coal, Biomass, Wood: ~10-12 years
◦ Cooling (substituting DG set): 8-12 years

24. Case Study 1 – Mahanand Dairy
(running 100% on solar)
Location Latur
Delivery 18 bar and 180˚C
Capacity 80 – 100 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 1 dish
Commissioning February 2006
Pressurized Hot Water for Milk Pasteurization with storage

25. Case Study 2 – Heavy Water
Board, Kota
Location Kota
Delivery 5 bar and 150˚C
Capacity 80 – 100 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 4 dishes
Commissioning March 2010
Steam for Effluent Evaporation

26. Case Study 3 – Turbo Energy
Limited
Location Chennai
Delivery 15 bar and 180˚C
Capacity 80 – 100 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 2 dishes
Commissioning March 2011
Pressurized Hot Water for Comfort Cooling

27. Case Study 4 – ITC Maurya, New
Delhi
Location Delhi
Delivery 8 bar (g) and 175˚C
Capacity 80 – 100 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 2 dishes
Commissioning Nov 2009
Steam for Hospitality applications like Laundry, Cooking, Bathing

28. Case Study 5 – Mahindra &
Mahindra
Location Pune
Delivery 18 bar and 180˚C
Capacity 80 – 100 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 1 dish
Commissioning October 2010
Pressurized Hot Water for Degreasing Process

29. Case Study 7 – Temple at New
Delhi
Location New Delhi
Delivery 6 bar and 160˚C
Capacity 48 – 60 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 1 dish
Commissioning October 2012
Steam Generation for community cooking

30. Case Study 8 – Residential
sector
Location Pune
Delivery 60˚C
Capacity 48 – 60 kWth per
dish
Dish numbers 1 dish
Commissioning June 2012
Hot water generation for domestic purpose (under construction)

31. Earth receives around 174 Petawatts of energy from sun and only a
small part of it is sufficient to meet the annual world electricity
consumption of 20 Trillion kWh
We Just need to tap this
potential
Thank
You