Social Psychology inmaintenance environment

1. HUMAN FACTOR
Submodule 3 - Social Psychology

2. 5 Hrs
Sub Module 1
General
15 Hrs
Sub Module 2 Human
Performance and Limitation
5 Hrs
Module 3
Social Psychology
5 Hrs
Module 4 Factor
Affecting Performance
5 Hrs
Module 5
Physical Environment

3. 60 mins
Topic 21 Social
Environment
60 mins
Topic 22 Responsibilities
60 mins
Topic 23 Motivation
60 mins
Topic 24 Peer Pressure
60 mins
Topic 25 Culture

4. 1 2 3 4 5
0903 Social Psychology
090321
Social
Psychology
090322
Responsibil
ity:
Individual
and Group
090323
Motivation
- Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs
090324
Peer
Pressure
090325
Culture and
Safety
Culture

5. Course Objective
● Understanding about Social Psychology

6. Course Synopsis
This submodule provide the
knowledge how the Social
Psychology affect on
maintenance personnel

7. Learning Outcome
Concept of Social Psychology

8. Deals issues relating to the social
context in which the AME works,
organisation in which he works and how
responsibilities, motivation, and aspects
of team working, supervision and
leadership.
Social Psychology

9. The Social Environment
Responsibility: Individual and Group
Motivation and De-motivation
Peer Pressure
Culture Issues
Team Working
Management, Supervision and Leadership
Social Psychology - Topic

10. AME work within a
“system”
Team and Crowd
Knowledge, skill,
ability, environment,
culture, regulatory
requiremen
Social Environment

11. Individual Responsibility
Group Responsibility
Intergroup conflict
Group polarisation
Social loafing
Responsibility: Individual and Group

12. Motivation can be thought
of as a basic human drive
that arouses, directs and
sustains all human
behaviour.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Hawthorne effect
De-motivation
Motivation and De-motivation

13. Peer pressure is the
actual or perceived
pressure which an
individual may feel, to
conform to what he
believes that his peers
or colleagues expect.
Peer Pressure

14. Peer pressure thus falls within
the area of conformity.
Conformity is the tendency
to allow one’s opinions,
attitudes, actions and even
perceptions to be affected by
prevailing opinions, attitudes,
actions and perceptions.
Peer Pressure

15. conformity or peer pressure, depends on
Culture
Gender
self-esteem
familiarity of the individual
with the subject matter
expertise of the group
members
Peer Pressure

16. Responsibility: Individual and Group
Responsibilities are the duties that we are supposed
to do due to our job or position. Some of job is carried
out independently and some job carried out along with
team, as a part of team or group.
Individual Responsibility - AME's are skilled individuals
having undertaken considerable training, working in a highly
professional environment and generally have considerable
pride in their work and its contribution to air safety.
All individuals, regardless of their role, grade or qualifications
should work in a responsible manner.
This includes not only LAEs, but non-licensed staff.

17. Responsibility: Group
Responsibilities are the
duties that we are supposed to
do due to our job or position.
Some of job is carried out
independently and some job
carried out along with team, as
a part of team or group.

18. Group or Team Responsibility
Advantages are that each member of the group ought to feel responsible for the
output of that group, not just their own output as an individual, and ought to work
towards ensuring that the whole ‘product’ is safe. This may involve cross-checking
others’ work (even when not strictly required), politely challenging others if you think
that something is not quite right, etc.
Disadvantage of group responsibility is that it can potentially act against safety,
with responsibility being devolved to such an extent that no-one feels personally
responsible for safety (referred to as diffusion of responsibility). Here, an individual,
on his own, may take action but, once placed within a group situation, he may not
act
if none of the other group members do so, each member of the group or team
assuming that ‘someone else will do it’.

19. Team Working

20. Characteristics of Team
1. Share and understand a common goal
2. Have effective and balanced leadership
3. Have effective followership (or team) skill)
4. Have a shared mental model
5. Practice clear and effective communication

21. 1. Culture and Safety Culture
1. Culture
2. Social Culture
3. Organization
Culture
4. Safety Culture
5. Just Culture

22. Safety Culture- ICAO HF Digest 10
◼ “a set of beliefs, norms,
attitudes, roles and social and
technical practices concerned
with minimizing exposure of
employees, managers, customers
and members of the general
public to conditions considered
dangerous or hazardous”

23. Culture of an organisation
Culture of an organisation can be described as ‘the way
we do things here’. It is a group or company norm.
ICAO HF Digest 10 describes a safety culture as “a set of
beliefs, norms, attitudes, roles and social and technical
practices concerned with minimising exposure of
employees, managers, customers and members of the
general public to conditions considered dangerous or
hazardous”

24. Social Culture
The influence of social culture (an individual’s
background or heritage) can be important in determining how
an individual integrates into an organisational culture.
The way an individual behaves outside an organisation
is likely to have a bearing on how they behave within it.
Internal pressures and conflicts within groups at work can be
driven by underlying social cultural differences (e.g. different
nationalities, different political views, different religious
beliefs, etc.).

25. Safety culture
Safety culture is the term that
we apply to those aspects of the
organization’s culture that relate
to safety performance, Safety
Culture.
Cultures are the product of the
values and actions of the
organization’s leadership as well
as the results of organizational
learning.

26. Group’s or organisation’s culture
Culture of an organisation can be
described as ‘the way we do things
here’. It is a group or company norm.
There may be a tendency for groups
within organization and the
organization itself to think that their
own methods are the best and that
others are not as good

27. influences on organisation’s culture

28. Key components of a safety culture
◼ goal of maximum safety health,
◼ Not forgetting to be afraid;
◼ safety information system
◼ good reporting culture
◼ just culture - an atmosphere of trust,
◼ A flexible culture;
◼ Respect for the skills, experience and ability
◼ Training investment;
◼ learning culture - willingness and the competence to
draw the right conclusions from its safety information
system,

29. Social Culture
Influence of social culture ( background
or heritage) can be important in
determining how an individual
integrates into an organizational
culture.
The way an individual behaves outside an organization is likely to
have a bearing on how they behave within it. Internal pressures
and conflicts within groups at work can be driven by underlying
social cultural differences (e.g. different nationalities, different
political views, different religious beliefs, etc.)

30. Aspects of a Positive Safety Culture
Positive Culture
HRO
Flexible culture People can
adapt organizational processes
when facing high temporary
operations or certain kinds of
danger, shifting from the
conventional hierarchical mode to
a flatter mode.
Learning culture
People have the willingness and
the competence to draw
conclusions from safety
information systems and the will
to implement major reforms.
Informed culture People are knowledgeable about
the human, technical, organizational and environmental
factors that determine the safety of the system as a whole.
Reporting Culture
People are prepared to
report their errors and
experiences
Just culture People are encouraged (even rewarded)
for providing essential safety-related information. However,
there is a clear line that differentiates between acceptable
and unacceptable behaviour.
James Reason
(1997)

31. Question
1. What is the advantage of Group or team
responsibilities?
2. What is Social Loafing ?
3. Characteristics of highly motivated people ?
4. Characteristics of good team?
5. What is peer pressure ?

32. Quote
of the
day

33. Test-HumanFactor
WeeklyTest0903