This document provides information on observation, description, identification, and control. It discusses the importance of developing observation skills through the senses. Various techniques for observing people, objects, places, and events are outlined. The document also covers describing observations accurately using standardized terminology. Identification involves establishing proof of identity through methods like ID cards or documents. Different control systems are discussed, including badge systems, visitor logs, and enforcing safety rules to regulate access and movement of people, objects, and information. The goal is to permit or restrict access in a secure manner.

1. OBSERVATION,
DESCRIPTION, IDENTIFICATION and
CONTROL
1

2. Seeing, Describing and Identifying
are skills that require an intelligent use of
the senses of perception. To acquire and
develop these skills, one has to learn and
understand its basic principles.
2

3. Importance of the Subject:
• Basic Intelligence and police work.
• Counter surveillance.
• Helps judge authenticity of an agent’s report.
3

4. OBSERVATION – is the complete and
accurate awareness of an individual of his
surroundings through the use of his
senses.
4

5. Types of Observation
• Objective Observation – is the activity, which
takes place when one observes a person,
place or thing.
• Subjective Observation – is the ability of one
to direct the fact that he is being observed.
5

6. OBJECT OF PERCEPTION
(PERSONS - OBJECTS - PLACES - EVENTS)
ORGAN – PERCEPTION - IDENTIFICATION
Eyes- Seeing: Object, shape, size, color
Ears- Hearing: Sound, tone, voice, Noise
Nose- Smelling: Fragrance, odor
Skin- Feeling: Softness, coldness, hot,
hardness
Tongue- Tasting: Flavor, sweet, sour, bitter
6

7. SIGHT – perception of a physical object through the
sense of sight does not usually involve a detailed
analysis of the shape and color of the object.
Frequently, only a few characteristic points are
observed, and the picture is unconsciously
completed by resort to the store of images obtained
through past observation.
The sense of sight although not as objective as the
sense of hearing is nevertheless considered the most
accurate sense.
7

8. HEARING – This is the most objective sense. The
observation of a sound however, is unclear and
subjective. In perceiving and reporting sound, the
observer unconsciously compares the sound to a
whole series of memories of sounds he has heard
and he attempts to coordinate them mentally.
Generally, a person does not listen to the sound,
which form a spoken sentence. The sound heard are
compared unconsciously with the sound pictures
which one already posses, or else the more
complicated work of forming visions which
corresponds to them is undertaken.
8

9. TOUCH – The sense in most persons is very
slightly developed and must be considered as a
limited medium of perception. Unassisted by
visual perception, the sense of touch is frequently
deceptive.
SMELL – The olfactory sense is an unreliable
medium. It is possible to experience sensation of
smell without the presence of odor.
TASTE – It is also an unreliable medium of
perception. Taste is individual, and the objective
sensation of taste is easily replaced by the
observer’s conception of the taste, which he
experience.
9

10. 85% of what is learned is gained through
the medium of SIGHT.
13% through HEARING, and the
remaining
2% through TOUCH, SMELL, and
TASTE
10

11. TECHNIQUES
When you observe you are:
1.Storing into memory what your senses have
perceived
…and
2. Reproduce (describe) clearly the object or
subject of your observation later on.
11

12. PORTRAIT PARLE FORM
1. Short Form or emergency form contains such
information as the 6 general characteristics. It
gives also the subject’s outstanding physical
characteristics and any other important items of
information useful for identification.
2. Record or Penitentiary Form contains general
information.
3. Long Form or Complete Portrait Parle contains
all possible information such as general
information, general characteristics and specific
characteristics.
PORTRAIT PARLE – A spoken picture using descriptive
terms in relation to personal features of an individual
12

13. DESCRIPTION OF PERSONS
General Description is the technique of factually
reporting one’s own observations or the sensory
experiences recounted by another person. Since the
purpose of description is to present an accurate
word picture, the use of standard terms is describing
persons contributes importantly to the value of
reports prepared by professional investigators.
13

14. The goal of the agent should be to train himself so that
he can obtain a complete physical description of an
individual in a matter of seconds. This ability may be
acquired in the following manner:
1. By learning the meaning of numerous words used in
describing various features.
2. By studying and practicing the description of one or
two features, such as eyes, nose, as they appear on
several different persons and continuing this practice
until all features have been covered.
3. By learning definite order of proceedings of one
feature from another. A good example is from the top
to the bottom in the following manner: Hair,
Forehead, Eyebrows, Eyes, etc.
14

15. The common approach in observation
process starts from:
a. General characteristics:
Similar to the techniques in taking with a camera - Focus
your attention on the person’s general characteristics
such as:
1. Sex
2. height
3. built
4. race or color of the skin
15

16. b. Specific Characteristics:
Determine the person’s specific characteristics as to his
appearance such as:
1. age
2. shape
3. mannerism
4. tone of voice
5. language used
6. gesture
7. posture
16

17. c. Peculiar Characteristics - Look for some
peculiarities inherent to the person you are
observing such as:
1. style of clothing
2. physical deformity
3. things carried
4. brand of cigarette
5. type of shoes, etc.
17

18. SHORT FORM OF PORTRAIT PARLE
1. Full Name,Alias or Nickname
2. Nationality
3. Sex, Height, weight
4. Complexion – fair, dark
5. Built – stout, obese, medium, slim
6. Face: Ears, eyes
7. Hair – color, presence/absence
8. Forehead – size, slope, height, width
9. Eyes & eyebrows
10.Nose: base-projection
18

19. 11.Mouth-size, lips thickness, teeth
12.Chin profile: size, peculiarities
13.Style ofWalking, mannerism
14.Voice accent; quality; kind
15.Physical body: stomach; scars; peculiarities
16.Dressing style
SHORT FORM OF PORTRAIT PARLE
(Continued)
19

20. IN OBSERVING AN OBJECT
1. Identify what the object is, its shape or form.
2. Determine what the object is made of, what it is used for, its
brand, color and common feature.
3. Look for any distinctive characteristics inherent to the
object.
4. Determine the condition at the time the object was
observed.
20

21. IN OBSERVING A PLACE
1. General location, determine if it is located
indoor or outdoor.
2. Determine its proximity to outstanding
feature, condition of the place, of what
purpose, details of the surrounding.
3. If indoor, determine exact location such as room
number, signs or any distinctive features.
21

22. IN OBSERVING AN EVENT
1. Location, scope of coverage.
2. Sequence of action, time occurrence.
3. Objects or group of people involved.
4. Results and effects
5. What is the nature of the event or occasion?
22

23. DESCRIPTION - the natural and factual reporting of
one’s observation or the experience recounted by
another person.
• Describing – is communicating by means of words,
signs, actions or other means wherein you convey your
impressions on the things you have observed.
Observing clearly and describing accurately requires
a mastery of the language to be used whether in
English orTagalog or in any local dialect. The method
used in observing is also applied in describing. Your
description will depend how good is your memory and
your ability to reproduce them in words.
Describe what you have observed by the process of
ASSOCIATION, IMITATION and REPETITION. 23

24. DESCRIBING A PERSON
Describe the person by associating him/her
with a well-known personality who has similar
appearance or characteristics. You may also
describe the person by imitating his manner of
action, language or movement at the time of
observation. The purpose of description is to help
the person with whom you are communicating to
visualize and identify the person you are
describing.
24

25. DESCRIBING AN OBJECT
Begin identifying of what is common and
easily discernible about the object you have
observed. Point out any distinctive characteristics.
For instance, if the object is a car, “don’t just say
it’s a car” but rather, a red two-doorToyota Car
(for example) is a much better description.Then
followed by other specifics.
25

26. DESCRIBING A PLACE
- Indicate the general location and its proximity to
an outstanding feature (known reference point).
- Describe its nature, condition and general use.
- If indoor, a better description is to draw a sketch
or an outline where the place can be found.
26

27. DESCRIBING AN EVENT
1. Describe the nature of the event or occasion.
2. Take note of its purpose, scope and coverage.
3. Indicate time and reconstruct the series of actions
or movement of people involved, and;
4. Describe the resultant effect of that particular
event/occasion.
27

28. IDENTIFICATION – is the process or a
means of establishing proof of one’s
identity, image or state of being.
Identification is essential to the controlling
function. The task becomes easy and
virtually reduce the burden of supervision
and control of individuals as to their identity
and movement.
28

29. THE PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION
1. Personal knowledge
2. Witnesses affirmation
3. Identification papers such as:
a. ID
b. Certificates
c. Photographs
d. Documents
e. Sticker/Car Pass
f. Duress Codes 29

30. Objectives of Identification
1. To include or exclude the person as member or
non-member of a certain class or group, i.e.
employees, visitors, etc.
2. To allow or deny admittance to a place.
3. To issue or withhold material or information.
30

31. HOWTO ACHIEVETHE OBJECTIVES OF IDENTIFICATION AND
CONTROL
• Initially determining who has valid right in the area.
• Limiting access to those persons who has right and need to
be there.
• Establishing procedures for positive identification of
persons who have authorized access in the area.
• Issuing passes or badges to those authorized to enter
restricted areas.
• Issuing access list.
• Using identification codes.
• Using duress codes. 31

32. CRITERIA IN IDENTIFICATION PROCESS:
• Validity – is it valid?
• Easy to use
• Reliable
• Resistive to surreptitious use or counterfeiting
32

33. OTHER FORMS OF IDENTIFICATION:
• Pass or Badge System
• Visitor’s Control
• Property Movement Control
• Vehicle Control
• Shipping/Delivery Control
33

34. SCOPE OF CONTROL
PEOPLE
OBJECT
PLACES
EVENTS
Control – an act or process of
regulating & directing a person, an
object or activity.
34

35. CRITERIA FOR ACCESS CONTROL
•Physically adequate (invulnerable,
impenetrable, obstructive)
•Valid and Reliable
•Easily maintained (parts are available) if
mechanically or electrically operated.
35

36. 4 SYSTEMS CONTROL
• GATE PASS
• BADGE
• LOGBOOK RECORDING
• ENFORCEMENT OF SAFETY/SECURITY RULES
36

37. PASS SYSTEM
• Single Pass or Badge System – issued for permission to
enter in specific area using codes by LETTERS,
NUMERALS or COLORS.
• Pass or Badge Exchange System – multiple copies of
passes are issued with the same photograph.The
person exchanges his badge for another color or
marking at the control point.
37

38. PERSONNEL IDENTIFICATION
Identification of personnel by mere recognition is
impossible for the gate guard.The most practical
way is to issue identification Card or Badge that is
easily recognizable but hard to duplicate.
38

39. VISITOR IDENTIFICATION CONTROL
Security Guards should establish the proper methods of
establishing the authority for admission of visitors as well
as the limitations.
Following are the recommended guidelines:
1. Before entry is made, a call to a person/s to be visited
is made.
2. Register in theVisitors Log.
3. Issue Pass or Badge.
39

40. VISITOR IDENTIFICATION CONTROL
(continued)
4. Organic personnel or employees should be aware of their
loyalty and devotion to report outsiders seen loitering in the
premises.
5. Security personnel should be informed of personnel
rendering overtime work.
6. Countersigns, code words and duress codes may be used in
conjunction with the pass and identification procedures.
40

41. BASIC PURPOSE OF CONTROL
• To permit or deny entrance to or remaining or
remaining in at a given place.
• To speed up or slow down the rate of movement
to, from or within a defined place.
• To issue or withhold material or information.
• To protect persons, materials, or information
against unauthorized observation or removal.
• To ensure safety and security of persons and
things, i.e. materials, supplies, equipment, etc. 41

42. PROPERTY MOVEMENT CONTROL
No package shall be authorized to be brought
inside without proper authority. Movement of
packages, materials and property in and out of the
establishment shall be controlled with tight
procedures. For employees/ visitors with packages,
security provides cabinet compartment/pigeon hole
with sequential numbering for easy retrieval.
Packages are deposited to the guard and in return,
the employee/visitor receives a numbered tag.
In some cases, trash cans are also inspected prior to
disposal.
42

43. HOWTO ENSURE STRICT SECURITY MEASURES
IN IDENTIFICATION & CONTROL SYSTEM
1. Only alert perceptive, tactful and judicious guards should
be assigned at entrance and exit control points.
2. There should be a standard procedures in the posting,
relief and inspection of guards.
3. Uniform and practical method of wearing badges or
handling identification passes should be prescribed and
enforced.
4. Entrance and exit points of restricted areas should be so
arranged in a way that personnel involved pass in single file
for easy checking. 43

44. HOWTO ENSURE STRICT SECURITY MEASURES IN
IDENTIFICATION & CONTROL SYSTEM
(Continued)
5. During hours of darkness, artificial lights should be
provided for easy access so as not to waste time and
hold a line for people.
6. Repository of badges and passes should be so arranged
for easy issuance and retrieval so as not to waste time
and hold a line of people queuing to gain entry.
7. A workable identification and badge system should be
developed by security in coordination with the
management staff. 44

45. -End-
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