Publiekdomeindag namiddag

1. March 7 2024 - KBR

2. Welcome!
Housekeeping
● Online participants
● photo policy
Camera door Alfa Design, the Noun Project
Socials
#publiekdomeindag
#PublicDomainDay
#openGLAM
@creativecommons
@europeanaeu
@meemoo_be
@kbrbe
@communia_eu
@BENGLABS
@KB_Nederland

3. Program
14:00 - 14:15 Keynote (Paul Keller)
Part 1: Copyright issues
14:15 - 15:00: Lightning Talks:
● Nudging Users to Reference Institutions when Using Public Domain Materials (Connor Benedict - Creative Commons)
● Selling Sunset (Douglas McCarthy - Delft University of Technology)
● Heritage Laws as Additional Barriers (Giulia Dore - Trento University)
15:00 - 15:30: Roundtable
With Connor Benedict, Douglas McCarthy, Giulia Priora (NOVA IPSI) and Ariadna Matas (Europeana)
15:30 - 15:50: Break
Part 2: The future of the public domain
15:50 - 16:35: Lightning Talks:
● Review of the Europeana Public Domain Charter (Maarten Zeinstra – Europeana Copyright Community)
● Post-Colonial Public Domain (Emine Ozge Yildrim - KU Leuven Center for IT & IP Law)
16:35 - 17:05: Roundtable
With Maarten Zeinstra, Emine Ozge Yildrim and Teresa Nobre (Communia)
17:05 - 17:10: Wrap-up
17:10 - 18:30: Reception

20. New Creative Commons Guidelines!
NUDGING USERS TO REFERENCE INSTITUTIONS
WHEN USING PUBLIC DOMAIN MATERIALS
Connor Benedict
Open Culture Coordinator at Creative Commons
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis, Public Domain Mark,
Swedish Nationa Museum

21. - Policy
- Infrastructure
- Capacity Building
- Community Engagement
Open Culture Program

22. Background
● Open Culture Platform Working Group
2022 Recommended solutions
● PD BY - a common but problematic
practice
● Recommend against using CC Licenses
"Sharing Public Domain Collections CC-BY ?!!?" by Brigitte
Vézina is a remix of "The Scream" by Edvard Munch (1893),
Public Domain, National Museum Oslo. Licensed CC-BY 4.0.

23. Guidelines for Institution Reference
Provide users with a reference statement that has all the information you
want the users to include.
● Title
● Author/Creator
● Copyright License or Permissions
● Institution
● Source

24. How to Nudge the user!
EAST
● Easy — Make it easy for people to reference.
● Attractive — Make it something they want to do.
● Social — Connect the action to social value.
● Timely — Provide information at the right moment.

25. Button to easily copy a reference statement
Title
Medium
Artist
Acquisition
Inventory Number
Category
License
Link
Ocean Coast
Oil paint on Paper
Maurice Denis, 1870-1945
Purchased 1967
NM 6137
Paintings
Public Domain Mark
https://collection.nationalmuseum.se/eMP/
eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&
module=collection&objectId=23187
Reference
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis, Public Domain Mark,
Swedish National Museum
https://collection.nationalmuseum.se/eMP/eMuseumPlus?serv
ice=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=23187
Copy

26. Download a text file with the material
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis, Public
Domain Mark, Swedish National Museum
https://collection.nationalmuseum.se/
eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInter
face&module=collection&objectId=23187
image.jpg
reference.txt
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis
Name Size Kind
image.jpg 3mb Image
reference.txt 3kb Text

27. Thank you for downloading this image!
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis, Public Domain Mark,
Swedish National Museum
https://collection.nationalmuseum.se/eMP/eMuseumPlus?ser
vice=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=23187
Copy Email
Downloads: 234
Reference Statement
Pop-up displays the reference statement

28. User profile with a record of downloads
Ocean Coast by Maurice Denis, Public Domain Mark,
Swedish National Museum
https://collection.nationalmuseum.se/eMP/eMuseumPlus?ser
vice=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=23187
Downloads
User
Profile
Settings
Downloads
Log out
…
Copy

29. How to organize the data!
● Use an open linked data structure
suitable for your institution
○ JSON-LD, Schema.org, IIIF, or
otherwise
● Build the reference statement out
of the tagged metadata
components

30. Thank you!
Connor Benedict
Open Culture Coordinator
connor@creativecommons.org
Ričards Rērihs (Liepāja, Latvija), Orange Orchids, from
an untitled series of flowers| Katsushika Hokusai | Art
Institute Chicago | CC0

31. Museums and the monetisation
of the public domain
Douglas McCarthy, Head of Library Learning Centre, TU Delft.
Royal Library of Belgium, 7 March 2024
S E L L I N G
SUNSET

32. Usage: Web
Media: Commercial
Placement: Home page
Time: Up to 1 year
How much?
€389 (£333)
S E L L I N G SUNSET
Shakespeare's Cliff (the Hay Cliff), Dover
Drawn by David Cox
© The Trustees of the British Museum

33. Government Art Collection, UK
Image licensing performance:
2013 No profit
2014 No profit
2015 No profit
2016 No profit
2017 £180
Sunset over a Village, Sir George Clausen (1852 - 1944)
Pastel on paper
Government Art Collection
S E L L I N G SUNSET

34. National Museums Liverpool
Image licensing performance:
2018/19 -£7,471
2019/20 -£14,027
2020/21 -£19,070
2021/22 -£16,510
2022/23 -£14,795
Sunset - West Highlands
Daniel Alexander Williamson, 1900 inscribed
Walker Art Gallery
S E L L I N G SUNSET

35. National Gallery, London
Image licensing performance:
2021/22 -£31,000
2022/23* -£3,000
S E L L I N G SUNSET
A Landscape at Sunset with Fishermen returning with their Catch
Claude-Joseph Vernet
National Gallery, London

36. S E L L I N G SUNSET
‘The Museum is committed to sharing its
collection and knowledge as widely as
possible and to create a positive educational,
social and economic impact for people [...]’

37. S E L L I N G SUNSET
Shutterstock Revenue Trends 2010-2020 📉
Image licensing – the bigger picture

38. ● Massively limits engagement opportunities
● Alienates museums’ key audiences & allies
● Uses scarce staff resources
● Almost always loses money
Isn’t time to think again?
S E L L I N G SUNSET
Non-open access to public domain collections:

39. Douglas McCarthy
douglasmccarthy.com
Linkedin.com/in/douglaskmccarthy
Thank you.

40. Heritage Laws as additional barriers
Giulia Dore - University of Trento,
Department of Economics and Management
Giulia Priora - NOVA School of Law Lisbon,

41. The puzzling question: to open or not to open?
A short overview of Italian case law through images

45. Is Italy (heritage) only about F&B?

46. What we see from case law: why we should be worried
♤ THE DISILLUSION OF A WHISPERED HARMONY
♤ THE UPSWING OF “PSEUDO-(COPY)RIGHT” HIDDEN BEHIND CH LAW OR THE CONSTITUTION
♤ DRIVES OF JUDICIAL ENGINEERING FOR A NATIONAL PRICE ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
♤ MISJUDGMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE’S SYSTEMATIC TIES WITH OTHER LEGAL DOMAINS
♤ A FRUSTRATED BALANCE OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
In short, what we should look for:
Legal coordination and balanced legal interpretation

47. Interior, by Peder Severin Krøyer, Public domain,
collection: Statens Museum for Kunst (Denmark)
Connor
Benedict
-
Douglas
McCarthy
Giulia
Priora
-
Ariadna
Matas

48. Break
Koffiedrinkers, by Constant
Permeke, public domain,
collection: KMSKA

49. Painting by JLG Ferris, 1932 CE. Courtesy of the Library of Congress. Photo provided by GPA Photo Archive,
licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0
The White Man's Burden,' Judge, 1899. Wikimedia Commons. Public Domain
Post-Colonial
Public Domain
Emine Ozge Yildirim-Vranckaert
KU Leuven Center for IT and IP Law
Doctoral Researcher

50. ● What defines the Public Domain?
→ Free for all to access and use (including reproducing
and modifying w/o restrictions).
● What constitutes Traditional Knowledge?
→ Community-shared wisdom and practices, developed
and transmitted across generations, integral to cultural or
spiritual identity.
● What is Post-Colonial critique in cultural rights?
→ Critique of colonial impact on cultural rights and
expressions, seeking restitution and autonomy for
colonized cultures.
Post-Colonial Public Domain
https://www.flickr.com/photos/iied/5216955997

51. When would materials be considered freely
usable by everyone? This occurs when:
● The copyright has expired, OR
● The material was never eligible for
copyright protection, OR
● The owner has “voluntarily” placed it into
the public domain.
Post-Colonial Public Domain

52. Issues with Traditional Knowledge Protection:
● Consent: Informed? → Coercion? OR Lack
of consent → usage without the knowledge
of the relevant community.
● Requirements for copyright protection
(differs in different jurisdictions):
→ Authorship
→ Originality
→ Creativity
→ Expression/Fixation (where applicable)
● Derivative works: Copyright protected?
● Holistic aspect: Spiritual, sacred meaning,
and cultural sensitivities.
Post-Colonial Public Domain
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gore_Street_mural_Decolonize.JPG
https://www.flickr.com/photos/julieedgley/4262119066

53. Challenges in safeguarding traditional
knowledge include:
● The risk of commercial or other
forms of exploitation,
● The potential for ridicule or
diminishment of indigenous
cultures,
● The risk of cultural detachment or
misinterpretation.
Post-Colonial Public Domain
"Maasai People Fight Against Cultural Appropriation by Luxury Fashion Retailers" by Sarah Young, The Independent. Available at::
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/maasai-people-cultural-appropriation-luxury-fashion-retailers-louis-vuitton-east-africa-intellectual-property-intiative-mipi-a755
3701.html
The Enduring Legacy of 'Mbube' to 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight'" by Lior Phillips, The Guardian, May 8, 2023.
Available at:https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/may/08/mbube-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-lion-king
Urban Outfitters Reaches Settlement with Navajo Nation Over Copyright Infringement" by Nicky Woolf, The Guardian. Available at:
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/nov/18/urban-outfitters-navajo-nation-settlement

54. Is it necessary to narrowly redefine the
public domain to ensure the protection of
traditional knowledge in a manner that
aligns with the specific needs and
expectations of indigenous and
traditional communities?
Should this definition include clauses on:
→ (Prior) Informed consent,
→ Commercial exploitation,
→ Protection on spiritual and cultural
aspects and sensitivities of relevant
indigenous and traditional communities.
Post-Colonial Public Domain

55. Appreciate,
Attribute,
DO NOT
Appropriate!
Emine Ozge Yildirim-Vranckaert
KU Leuven, Center for IT and IP Law
Doctoral Researcher
emineozge.yildirim@kuleuven.be
Post-Colonial Public Domain

56. Hó országa by Kiss György - Rippl-Rónai Municipal Museum with County Scope -
Kaposvár, Hungary - CC BY.
Europeana Public
Domain Charter
Maarten Zeinstra
Europeana Copyright Community –
Steering Group

59. A review needed?
Public Domain Charter
The Europeana Public Domain Charter is an Europeana policy statement from
2010:
“It alerts Europe’s museums, libraries, archives and audiovisual collections to the
fact that digitization of Public Domain content does not create new rights in it.”
– COMMUNIA website 27 april 2010. –

60. 1. Copyright protection is temporary.
2. What is in the Public Domain needs to remain in the Public Domain.
3. The lawful user of a digital copy of a Public Domain work should be free
to (re-) use, copy and modify the work.
According to the charter
Principles of healthy Public domain

61. A Storm Brewing behind a Farmhouse in Zealand by Juel, Jens - National Gallery
of Denmark, Denmark - CC0
The charter’s language is crafted for
the policy challenged of the ‘10s. Some
of these policy goals have been met.
At the same time the heritage sector
faces additional and more visible
challenges.
Policy goals achieved
and outdated

62. Portrait of Marie Jeanette de Lange - 1900 - Rijksmuseum, Netherlands - Public Domain.
New challenges
1. 3D scans
2. Text and data mining
3. digital-born material
4. Cultural heritage laws
5. Perpetual rights of integrity
6. Previously unpublished works
7. Technical and contractual overrides
8. Ethical considerations

63. Καφενείον το Νέον (Νύχτα) by Yannis Tsarouchis - National Gallery - Alexandros Soutsos
Museum, Greece - Rights Reserved - Free Access.
● March – collect feedback on
current charter
● April – Draft recommendation
and communicate
● (An evaluation report and
consultation)
Process

64. Boldog új évet - képes levelezőlap - Hungary - CC BY-NC-ND
Join our discussion!
Join the Europeana
Copyright Community

65. View of Delft by Johannes Vermeer - Mauritshuis, Netherlands - Public Domain
pro.europeana.e
u
@EuropeanaEU

66. Interior, by Peder Severin Krøyer, Public domain,
collection: Statens Museum for Kunst (Denmark)
Maarten
Zeinstra
-
Emine
Ozge
Yildrim
Teresa
Nobre

67. De drinker, by Constant Permeke, public domain. Collection: KMSKA.
Boerenbruiloft, by Pieter Brueghel de Jonge, Public domain. Collection: Hallwyl Museum.
Plaquette van een drinkend meisje, by Hans Frei, public
domain. Collection: MSK Gent.
Drinkend gezelschap, by Charles Emile Jacque
(engraver) after Adriaen van Ostade, public domain.
Collection: MSK Gent
A bar at the Folies-Bergère, by Edouard Manet, public domain. Collection: Courtauld Institute of Art