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Personalized Medicine : Introduction, Definition
& Pharmacogenetics
PRESENTED BY-:
Shweta P. Jadhav
M Pharm 1 St
Year
Dept. Of Pharmaceutics
Government College of Pharmacy, Karad.
Introduction
 Personalized Medicine is referred as Precision medicine.
 It integrates the information about person’s genes, proteins to prevent ,diagnose & treat disease.
 It uses the information from patient’s genotype.
 The use of patient-specific information & biomarkers to make more informed choices regarding
optimal therapeutic treatment regimen.
Need of Personalized Medicine
 Variations in people.
 Role of these variations in health & disease
 Personalized medicine
Definition
 A medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient that not only
improves the ability to diagnose & treat disease ,but offers the potential to detect
disease at an earlier stage & to treat it effectively.
 The right drug to the right patient for the right disease at the right time with the right
dosage.
 An emerging practice of medicine that uses individual’s genetic profile to guide
decisions made in regard to the prevention diagnosis & treatment of disease.
Pharmacogenomics (PGx)-
 A branch of pharmacology concerned with using DNA & amino acid and
sequence data to inform drug development and testing.
 Application of genomics to study human variability in drug response.
 A study of how gene affects the persons response to drug.
Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacology Genomics
Pharmacogenomics:
 Plays an important role in identifying responders & non-responders to medication
,avoiding adverse effects and optimizing drug dose .
 It is the field of study and examines impact of genetic variation and drug
responses via biomarkers.
 Personalized medicine utilizes the biomarkers to diagnose disease.
Pharmacogenetics
 The branch of pharmacology concerned with the effect of genetic factors on
reactions to drugs.
 Effect of genetic variation on drug response.
 The study or clinical testing of genetic variation that assists in individual patient’s
differentiation response to drug.
Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacology Genetics
Division of Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenetic Studies
Candidate- Gene Studies
 Goal- Characterize candidate genes and variants related to disease.
 Assess the generalizability of family-based observations.
 Genes selected based on their functional involvement & genetic variants are
identified and then tested for association with disease.
Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)
 Goal- To identify which region in the genome are associated with disease.
 The survey of the role of common genetic variation in disease or drug response .
 Done by genotyping large sets of SNPs across the genome.
 To determine whether a particular allele or a set of alleles is more common in
patients with a certain disease.
Advantages of Pharmacogenetics
 Can identify new targets.
 Low possibility of ADRs.
 Reduced time and cost of drug development.
 Pharmacogenetic data can be submitted to FDA.
Thank You…

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04Personalized medicine.pptx

  • 1. Personalized Medicine : Introduction, Definition & Pharmacogenetics PRESENTED BY-: Shweta P. Jadhav M Pharm 1 St Year Dept. Of Pharmaceutics Government College of Pharmacy, Karad.
  • 2. Introduction  Personalized Medicine is referred as Precision medicine.  It integrates the information about person’s genes, proteins to prevent ,diagnose & treat disease.  It uses the information from patient’s genotype.  The use of patient-specific information & biomarkers to make more informed choices regarding optimal therapeutic treatment regimen.
  • 3. Need of Personalized Medicine  Variations in people.  Role of these variations in health & disease  Personalized medicine
  • 4. Definition  A medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient that not only improves the ability to diagnose & treat disease ,but offers the potential to detect disease at an earlier stage & to treat it effectively.  The right drug to the right patient for the right disease at the right time with the right dosage.  An emerging practice of medicine that uses individual’s genetic profile to guide decisions made in regard to the prevention diagnosis & treatment of disease.
  • 5. Pharmacogenomics (PGx)-  A branch of pharmacology concerned with using DNA & amino acid and sequence data to inform drug development and testing.  Application of genomics to study human variability in drug response.  A study of how gene affects the persons response to drug. Pharmacogenomics Pharmacology Genomics
  • 6. Pharmacogenomics:  Plays an important role in identifying responders & non-responders to medication ,avoiding adverse effects and optimizing drug dose .  It is the field of study and examines impact of genetic variation and drug responses via biomarkers.  Personalized medicine utilizes the biomarkers to diagnose disease.
  • 7. Pharmacogenetics  The branch of pharmacology concerned with the effect of genetic factors on reactions to drugs.  Effect of genetic variation on drug response.  The study or clinical testing of genetic variation that assists in individual patient’s differentiation response to drug. Pharmacogenetics Pharmacology Genetics
  • 10. Candidate- Gene Studies  Goal- Characterize candidate genes and variants related to disease.  Assess the generalizability of family-based observations.  Genes selected based on their functional involvement & genetic variants are identified and then tested for association with disease.
  • 11. Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)  Goal- To identify which region in the genome are associated with disease.  The survey of the role of common genetic variation in disease or drug response .  Done by genotyping large sets of SNPs across the genome.  To determine whether a particular allele or a set of alleles is more common in patients with a certain disease.
  • 12. Advantages of Pharmacogenetics  Can identify new targets.  Low possibility of ADRs.  Reduced time and cost of drug development.  Pharmacogenetic data can be submitted to FDA.