Personalized medicine introduction

1. PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
PRESENTED BY,
Manoj Bajait
Sandip Institute of Pharmaceutical
science Nashik
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
Prof. D. M. Shinkar
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS

2. INTRODUCTION
 • The concept of personalized medicine dates back many hundreds of years.
 • Developments in chemistry, Histochemistry and Microscopy allowed scientists to
begin to understand the underlying causes of disease.
 • Sequencing of the human genome at the turn of the 21st century set in motion
the transformation of personalized medicine from an idea toa practice

3. DEFINITION
 The term “personalized medicine” is often described as providing “the right
patient with the right drug at the right dose at the right time.”
 More broadly, “personalized medicine” may be thought of as the tailoring of
medical treatment to the individual characteristics, needs and preferences of
a patient during all stages of care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment
and follow-up.
 Other term which describe the Personalized Medicine
 Precision medicine
 stratified medicine
 Targeted medicine
 pharmacogenomics

5. NEED FOR PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
 • Similar symptoms but different illness
 • Medical interventions may work in some people but not in others
 • 40% of drugs that are taken are not effective (Banerjee.,2011)
 • Advances in genomics helps to treat a patient precisely and effectively
 • To avoid any allergic and adverse effects.

6. PHARMACOGENOMICS
 The study of variations of DNA and RNA characteristics as related to drug
responsive is a critically important area of personalized medicine.
 Convergence of advances in pharmacology and genomics.
 Seeks to understand how differences in genes and their expression affect the
body’s response to medications.
 Uses genetic information (such as DNA sequence, gene expression, and copy
number) for purposes of explaining interindividual differences in drug
metabolism (pharmacokinetics) and physiological drug response
(pharmacodynamics).

7. HOW DOES IT WORK??
 Depends on the identification of biomarkers.
 Study of the variation of DNA and RNA related to drug responses.
 Based on patients unique genetic profile.
 It is participatory, engaging patients in lifestyle choices and active health
maintenance to compensate for genetic susceptibilities.

8. ADVANTAGES
 Reduce the burden of disease
 Focuses on prevention
 Diminishes the duration and severity of illness
 Reduces health care costs
 Increases benefits and reduces risks

9. DISADVANTAGES
 • Incorrect diagnostic result
 • Genetic variations are numerous and quantitative
 • Not yet widely available
 • People do not opt for personalized medicine

10. REFERENCES
 • F. Randy Vogenberg., Carol Isaacson Barash., Michael Pursel., Personalized
Medicine Part 1: Evolution and Development into Theranostics., Vol. 35 No.
10.,(2010).
 • Paving way for personalized medicine., FDA’s role in new era of medical
product development,2013 .,pg 1-15,29
 • Moinak Banerjee., Is pharmacogenomics a reality? Challenges and oppurtunities
for India., Indian J Hum Genet. 2011 May; 17(Suppl 1): S1–S3. doi: 10.4103/0971-
6866.80350
 • http://genomag.com/what is personalized medicine/#wxi4vyh971u

11. Thank You