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This study aimed to image atherosclerotic plaques in the aortas of Apo E deficient mice using MRI. To visualize the aorta, contrast agent was injected into mice both while inside and outside of the MRI scanner. Respiratory gating was used to reduce motion artifacts from breathing by intubating mice and providing ventilation. Initial scans showed the aorta but more optimization is needed, such as decreasing the dose of iron contrast agent used and adding ECG gating to address motion from the heart. Future plans include further refining the MRI protocol and beginning a similar study in rabbits.
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2) A study by Suzuki et al. found that a sirolimus-coated stent reduced restenosis by 50% through inhibiting cellular proliferation in a dose-dependent manner compared to a bare metal stent. Adding dexamethasone to the coating did not provide additional benefit.
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II. The double knockout LDL/apoE mice are highlighted as offering improvements in studying clinical complications of atherosclerosis like human heart disease. However, it is unclear how closely they model vulnerable plaques.
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GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Foundation of Yoga, YCB Level-3, Unit-1
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- 1. MICE MRIMICE MRI New Data
- 2. AIMSAIMS This study is for imaging aortic atherosclerotic plaques in Apo E deficient mice In addition to study of Apo E atherosclerotic mice this effort is meant to provide necessary technical experiences for rabbit study soon to be approved and transferred to Galveston
- 4. MRIMRI withwith Contrast (Magnevist)Contrast (Magnevist) In order to be sure that we are looking to the aorta,we decided to inject contrast media We had to inject Magnevist to mouse while inside the magnet, so we tried to cannulate femoral vein, jugular vein, intracardiac approach
- 5. In order to decrease the motion effect of respiration,we had to use respiratory gated MRI To have respiratory gating,we needed to Intubate the mouse and use ventilation
- 29. The MR Image characteristicsThe MR Image characteristics Coil:5 and 9cm Field of view:6 cm Matrix(nv):256 Spin Echo:Tr=2500,Te=12, Slice=17-24 Movi(while injecting the Gadelenium) : Tr=200, Te= 5
- 30. 3/103/10
- 31. MRI Parameters forMRI Parameters for Movi ImagesMovi Images After injection of Magnivest Tr=200, Te=5
- 33. Soft ware analysis to show theSoft ware analysis to show the flow and find the aortaflow and find the aorta
- 37. Spin Echo Images:Spin Echo Images: Tr=2500, Te=12Tr=2500, Te=12 nv=128nv=128
- 40. High resolution spin echoHigh resolution spin echo imagesimages Slice thickness :1.6 ,Gap:0.5Slice thickness :1.6 ,Gap:0.5 Tr=2500, Te=12, nv=256Tr=2500, Te=12, nv=256
- 42. 03/1303/13
- 54. SPIO InjectionSPIO Injection With injection of Feridex with maximum dose(3µmol/kg),we had some problems: because of small blood content of mouse, dilution wasn’t enough It caused too much decrease in T2 , so although we had approximately good resolution, we think that by decreasing the dose we can find better images
- 55. Future PlansFuture Plans Injection of 40µmol/kg of Feridex ECG gated MRI (we have the motion effect of heart in chest region) Starting rabbit study