Stocks, also known as shares or equity, represent units of ownership in a company. Stockholders own a percentage of the company in proportion to how many shares they hold and are entitled to a portion of profits and assets. Companies issue stock/shares to raise funds from public investors for business expansion, rather than taking on debt. The stock market is a platform where buyers and sellers trade securities regulated by government entities. It includes both primary markets for new stock issues and secondary markets for existing shares. Common stock and preferred stock are the main types of equity. Major stock exchanges around the world include the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, Tokyo Exchange, London Stock Exchange, and Bombay Stock Exchange.