The document discusses lessons learned from past crises regarding the role of social media and communications. It summarizes several major crises including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, 2005 London bombings, Hurricane Katrina in 2005, 2007 Southern California wildfires, and the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Key lessons included the importance of social media and mobile communications in providing information when infrastructure is damaged, the need for interoperable emergency response communications systems, and challenges around misinformation or lack of authoritative information being addressed by citizen journalism on social media and blogs.
This document summarizes a paper on the role of social media in crisis situations. It begins by defining key terms like crisis and social media. It then reviews several past crises like Hurricane Katrina and the Haiti earthquake, highlighting lessons learned about how social media was used when traditional communication systems failed. These include using SMS texting, citizen journalism on sites like Twitter and blogs, and crowdsourcing maps and relief coordination through platforms like Ushahidi. The document stresses the importance of social media in filling information voids and aiding response when infrastructure is damaged.
Social Network Continuity Disruption Countermeasures Papermartindudziak
This document discusses technologies that can support and protect social networking during periods of social unrest and political disruption. It notes that governments may try to disrupt social media during such times in order to limit communication between civilians. The document reviews the growth of internet usage and social networking, and how these have transformed communication and responses to emergencies. It examines alternatives for maintaining connectivity when conventional networks are disrupted, along with countermeasures against such alternatives and ways to overcome the countermeasures.
The document discusses World Press Freedom Day 2021 and its focus on promoting information as a public good. It notes that while access to information has expanded, economic challenges threaten the viability of news media. It also discusses the role of internet companies and the need for transparency. The 2021 event will highlight ensuring economic viability of news media, mechanisms for transparency of internet companies, and enhancing media literacy to recognize the value of journalism.
Exploring ways to Enable GovERNMENT & VOLUNTEER coordination & cooperation d...Mavic Pineda
This document discusses enabling better coordination between government and volunteers during disasters in the Philippines. It provides background on the country's vulnerabilities to natural hazards like typhoons, floods, and earthquakes. It outlines the current national disaster risk reduction framework and roles of various agencies. It also describes how non-governmental organizations and volunteers currently act as first responders during emergencies. The document proposes using information and communication technologies to improve disaster management processes, communication, and transparency through tools like a volunteer management system and workflow analytics. The goal is to strengthen partnerships between different stakeholders and leverage open solutions and community-academe collaboration.
Civic Media: My Presentation to Social Media Breakfast BostonCauseShift
On December 16, 2010, Scott Henderson shared these insights of how Unicef is using emerging media to help communities in developing countries solve their shared problems.
Heather Blanchard, Co Founder of CrisisCommons, presentation at the Fleming Europe's 2nd Annual Geospatial Conference (http://www.flemingeurope.com/aviation-and-defence-conferences/europe/2nd-annual-geospatial-intelligence-summit)
Presentation at 3rd International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC Davos 2010Sanjana Hattotuwa
This document discusses the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for risk and crisis management. It provides three aphorisms on wisdom, continuous partial attention, and the diminishing of altruistic response over time. It also discusses challenges including limited coordination, proprietary data formats, and using disaster victims as "lab rats" to test new technologies. Finally, it calls for improved data sharing, interoperability, community-focused technologies, and crisis preparedness tools to better leverage ICTs for humanitarian aid.
This document announces an online symposium hosted by the Young Neurosurgeons Forum on providing neurosurgical services during disasters. The symposium will discuss concepts like telemedicine, telesurgery, and mobile emergency/neurosurgical units. Speakers will include leaders from the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies on training neurosurgeons in developing areas and addressing public health issues. The document provides background on recent major earthquakes in Haiti and Chile to illustrate the need for rapid neurological response during disasters when infrastructure is damaged and communications fail.
This document summarizes a paper on the role of social media in crisis situations. It begins by defining key terms like crisis and social media. It then reviews several past crises like Hurricane Katrina and the Haiti earthquake, highlighting lessons learned about how social media was used when traditional communication systems failed. These include using SMS texting, citizen journalism on sites like Twitter and blogs, and crowdsourcing maps and relief coordination through platforms like Ushahidi. The document stresses the importance of social media in filling information voids and aiding response when infrastructure is damaged.
Social Network Continuity Disruption Countermeasures Papermartindudziak
This document discusses technologies that can support and protect social networking during periods of social unrest and political disruption. It notes that governments may try to disrupt social media during such times in order to limit communication between civilians. The document reviews the growth of internet usage and social networking, and how these have transformed communication and responses to emergencies. It examines alternatives for maintaining connectivity when conventional networks are disrupted, along with countermeasures against such alternatives and ways to overcome the countermeasures.
The document discusses World Press Freedom Day 2021 and its focus on promoting information as a public good. It notes that while access to information has expanded, economic challenges threaten the viability of news media. It also discusses the role of internet companies and the need for transparency. The 2021 event will highlight ensuring economic viability of news media, mechanisms for transparency of internet companies, and enhancing media literacy to recognize the value of journalism.
Exploring ways to Enable GovERNMENT & VOLUNTEER coordination & cooperation d...Mavic Pineda
This document discusses enabling better coordination between government and volunteers during disasters in the Philippines. It provides background on the country's vulnerabilities to natural hazards like typhoons, floods, and earthquakes. It outlines the current national disaster risk reduction framework and roles of various agencies. It also describes how non-governmental organizations and volunteers currently act as first responders during emergencies. The document proposes using information and communication technologies to improve disaster management processes, communication, and transparency through tools like a volunteer management system and workflow analytics. The goal is to strengthen partnerships between different stakeholders and leverage open solutions and community-academe collaboration.
Civic Media: My Presentation to Social Media Breakfast BostonCauseShift
On December 16, 2010, Scott Henderson shared these insights of how Unicef is using emerging media to help communities in developing countries solve their shared problems.
Heather Blanchard, Co Founder of CrisisCommons, presentation at the Fleming Europe's 2nd Annual Geospatial Conference (http://www.flemingeurope.com/aviation-and-defence-conferences/europe/2nd-annual-geospatial-intelligence-summit)
Presentation at 3rd International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC Davos 2010Sanjana Hattotuwa
This document discusses the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for risk and crisis management. It provides three aphorisms on wisdom, continuous partial attention, and the diminishing of altruistic response over time. It also discusses challenges including limited coordination, proprietary data formats, and using disaster victims as "lab rats" to test new technologies. Finally, it calls for improved data sharing, interoperability, community-focused technologies, and crisis preparedness tools to better leverage ICTs for humanitarian aid.
This document announces an online symposium hosted by the Young Neurosurgeons Forum on providing neurosurgical services during disasters. The symposium will discuss concepts like telemedicine, telesurgery, and mobile emergency/neurosurgical units. Speakers will include leaders from the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies on training neurosurgeons in developing areas and addressing public health issues. The document provides background on recent major earthquakes in Haiti and Chile to illustrate the need for rapid neurological response during disasters when infrastructure is damaged and communications fail.
The document discusses challenges around the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for risk and crisis management, noting issues with coordination, data sharing, and ensuring local community voices are heard. It outlines both progress made from past disasters like Cyclone Nargis to the Haiti earthquake response, as well as enduring technical, process, and ethical challenges. Recommendations include developing shared datasets, improving interoperability, and creating more resilient technologies to empower local communities.
1. Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have experienced unprecedented growth and innovation since preparations began for the 1992 UN Earth Summit, transforming development, economies, and societies more rapidly than any other industry in history.
2. While ICT's significance for sustainable development has received little attention, advances in ICT have profound impacts on processes critical for transitioning to a sustainable future, including access to information, education, environmental monitoring, and disaster response.
3. By enabling new forms of social organization and providing unprecedented access to knowledge free of physical constraints, ICTs can help overcome limitations on meeting needs imposed by technology and social factors, as recognized in the Brundtland Report's definition of sustainable development.
This document discusses the use of mass media in education to address the problems of information explosion and increasing student populations. It outlines various mass media channels that can be used, including radio, television, newspapers, journals, movies, CDs/DVDs, the internet, and social networking sites. The objectives of using mass media in education are to engage sensory organs, improve teaching and learning, and improve education quality. Mass media allows wide dissemination of information to remote locations and supports distant learning. Examples of how different media types can be used educationally are provided.
2010 - Dominican Republic - ICT - Digital DivideAlfonso Sintjago
The document discusses ICT and the digital divide in the Dominican Republic. It provides background on ICT developments globally and in the DR. It describes several ICT initiatives in the DR, including community technology centers and rural connectivity programs. However, it notes some problems with these initiatives, such as lack of community participation, dependency on foreign equipment, and lack of comprehensive approaches. It suggests that mobile technologies and open educational resources could help address these issues if implemented through participatory and nationally-led programs.
The document summarizes information and communication challenges in Japan following the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. It describes how the disaster caused over 18,000 deaths and left many areas with destroyed infrastructure and lingering problems. Surveys found that in the early days, radio was the most useful information source, while mobile phones did not work. Areas directly hit by the tsunami had little to no information sources. Over time, television and the internet became more relied on for updates, but the information around the Fukushima nuclear accident was confusing and unreliable for evacuations. The surveys provided insights into what information tools were available and useful to disaster-affected communities over time.
Presented to Social Media in Times of Crisis Symposium 2011
Hosted by the Eidos Institute
4 April 2011, State Library of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Speaker: Eileen Culleton, Founder and CEO Emergency 2.0 Wiki (Voluntary).
This document outlines 10 lessons learned about public communications from the perspective of international humanitarian organizations and NGOs. It discusses how text messages provided key information during disasters when voice networks were down. It also emphasizes the importance of leveraging crowdsourced information from social media and the public, who can often provide more real-time situational updates than agencies. Finally, it encourages identifying plans to collaborate with volunteer groups to amplify messaging and monitor crowdsourced data and discussions.
This document provides an introduction to mass media. It defines mass media as communication that reaches a large audience, including television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet. Mass media serves several functions such as connecting people, socializing society, and providing entertainment. While it has benefits like information sharing, mass media can also reinforce consumerism and the status quo. It discusses the impact of mass media on social perceptions and interactions as well as examples of media hype.
This document discusses challenges with data during disasters and provides recommendations. It summarizes key data needs during disasters for the public and responders. It describes data issues during past disasters like Hurricane Katrina where 911 call centers were crippled. Lessons learned include the inability to rapidly share data across different systems and barriers. The document recommends pre-disaster solutions like real-time communication tools and situational awareness technologies. It also provides examples of post-disaster data needs like patient tracking and medical records. Recommendations are provided to plan for interoperability, test disaster scenarios, and establish data sharing agreements.
lesson 1.2 The Nature of Disaster and Risk Factor - Perspective of Disaster.pptxBERLYNALGABRE1
The document outlines the objectives, introduction, and activity for a lesson on disasters. The objectives are to describe disasters, identify common disasters in the Philippines, explain local natural and human-made disasters, and value knowing disaster risks. The introduction provides a disaster risk management video and activity involves analyzing news articles about floods, landslides, earthquakes, and fires in Davao City.
lesson 1.2 The Nature of Disaster and Risk Factor - Perspective of Disaster.pdfBerlynAlgabre
The document outlines objectives for a lesson on disasters, including describing what a disaster is, identifying common disasters in the Philippines, explaining local natural and human-made disasters, and valuing the importance of understanding disaster risks. It then provides definitions and classifications for disasters and hazards, the impacts disasters can have, and response mechanisms.
Hastily formed networks, Refugee connectivity, cybersecurity, and emerging digital threats and challenges presented at the Programme for Comparative Media Law and Policy at Oxford University, August 2019
Read the following scenario •In 1979, the Three Mil.docxfterry1
Read
the following scenario:
•
In 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor malfunctioned, releasing radiation into the environment. There were no immediate deaths or injuries resulting from the incident; however, the accident drew much media attention and created concerns in the local area and beyond. The major forms of communication used to report these events were the three major television networks and local radio stations.
In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the New Orleans area and immersed a significant part of the city in water. Local citizens and their families were affected. In contrast to the Three Mile Island incident, newer communication technologies, such as the Internet, were used to disseminate information.
Today, you are the director of a regional Emergency Management Office. You begin receiving official reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. Contingency plans must be addressed within the organization and with the public without creating a panic.
Write
a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper on essential communication in a community crisis situation described in the scenario.
Include
the following in your paper:
•
The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation
•
Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation
•
Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies
•
Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication
•
How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario
•
Media opportunities during this management crisis
Cite
a minimum of three sources, Electronic Reserve Readings, to support your position.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
InfoCrisis.Social is a project led by Gonzalo Bacigalupe and Javier Velasco-Martín that aims to create a socially powered information dashboard to help communities face disruptive events like natural disasters in Chile. The dashboard will provide tailored real-time information from official and social media sources to citizens, reporters, and researchers. The project team has conducted expert surveys, design workshops, and early development to design how the dashboard will prioritize and display different types of critical information to users depending on the disaster event and stage.
Setting the scene: emergencies in social mediaCraig Thomler
This document provides an overview of Craig Thomler's presentation on social media and emergency communications. Some key points discussed include:
- Many emergencies now spread through social media channels first, so emergency responders must engage on these platforms. Ignoring social media is not an effective option.
- During emergencies, social media can be used to disseminate timely information, coordinate resources, monitor situations, and respond to public inquiries. Several case studies of emergencies where social media played an important role are presented.
- Organizations need to incorporate social media into their emergency planning, risk management, and crisis response procedures. This includes establishing social media channels in advance, developing monitoring and engagement strategies,
See: Alexander, D.E. 2013. Social media in disaster risk reduction and crisis management. Science and Engineering Ethics (published on line 4 December 2013).
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTRajesh Mandal
This is divided into five parts: (1) Social Media as a tool in disaster management; (2) How Social Media can be used in disasters; (3) Limitations and weaknesses of Social Media; (4) Case studies of Social Media use during disasters; and (5) Conclusion.
The media plays an important part in the toolkit for any PSAP Director and they can often play a crucial supportive role. However, managing the media is a challenge and in this session attendees heard some novel approaches to dealing with the media.
The document discusses how social media is changing the role of emergency management and public information officers (PIOs) by allowing everyone to be a potential "first informer". It provides examples from incidents like the Virginia Tech shooting and California wildfires where social media allowed faster and more accurate information sharing than traditional media. The document advocates for governments and PIOs to actively engage on social media platforms and integrate social media information into emergency response plans to stay relevant in an age where everyone can potentially be a first informer.
Signal - social media, considerations for public safety and emergency managementIntergen
Social media’s significant usage and ongoing growth creates
opportunity for public safety and emergency management.
Information in and around social media can greatly enhance
intelligence and the common operating picture.
The now commonplace use of social media should encourage
public safety and emergency management agencies to get
involved. The level of involvement can be staged with
monitoring usually being the best place to start.
Many social media monitoring tools have been created to help
organisations manage the deluge of information and gain
intelligence. However, not all tools are alike especially when
it comes to features specific to public safety and emergency
management. Organisations should consider their requirements
carefully when investing in social media monitoring.
Engaging Citizens to create Sustainable Resilient CommunitiesCarol Spencer
This presentation discusses the need for effective communication in the process of creating sustainable, resilient communities. It was originally presented at the NJ Sustainable Jersey Summit in June 2015.
Read the following scenarioIn 1979, the Three Mile Island nucle.docxlaurieellan
Read
the following scenario:
In 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor malfunctioned, releasing radiation into the environment. There were no immediate deaths or injuries resulting from the incident; however, the accident drew much media attention and created concerns in the local area and beyond. The major forms of communication used to report these events were the three major television networks and local radio stations.
In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the New Orleans area and immersed a significant part of the city in water. Local citizens and their families were affected. In contrast to the Three Mile Island incident, newer communication technologies, such as the Internet, were used to disseminate information.
Today, you are the director of a regional Emergency Management Office. You begin receiving official reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. Contingency plans must be addressed within the organization and with the public without creating a panic.
Write
a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper on essential communication in a community crisis situation described in the scenario.
Include
the following in your paper:
The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation
Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation
Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies
Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication
How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario
Media opportunities during this management crisis
Cite
a minimum of three sources
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
The document discusses challenges around the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for risk and crisis management, noting issues with coordination, data sharing, and ensuring local community voices are heard. It outlines both progress made from past disasters like Cyclone Nargis to the Haiti earthquake response, as well as enduring technical, process, and ethical challenges. Recommendations include developing shared datasets, improving interoperability, and creating more resilient technologies to empower local communities.
1. Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have experienced unprecedented growth and innovation since preparations began for the 1992 UN Earth Summit, transforming development, economies, and societies more rapidly than any other industry in history.
2. While ICT's significance for sustainable development has received little attention, advances in ICT have profound impacts on processes critical for transitioning to a sustainable future, including access to information, education, environmental monitoring, and disaster response.
3. By enabling new forms of social organization and providing unprecedented access to knowledge free of physical constraints, ICTs can help overcome limitations on meeting needs imposed by technology and social factors, as recognized in the Brundtland Report's definition of sustainable development.
This document discusses the use of mass media in education to address the problems of information explosion and increasing student populations. It outlines various mass media channels that can be used, including radio, television, newspapers, journals, movies, CDs/DVDs, the internet, and social networking sites. The objectives of using mass media in education are to engage sensory organs, improve teaching and learning, and improve education quality. Mass media allows wide dissemination of information to remote locations and supports distant learning. Examples of how different media types can be used educationally are provided.
2010 - Dominican Republic - ICT - Digital DivideAlfonso Sintjago
The document discusses ICT and the digital divide in the Dominican Republic. It provides background on ICT developments globally and in the DR. It describes several ICT initiatives in the DR, including community technology centers and rural connectivity programs. However, it notes some problems with these initiatives, such as lack of community participation, dependency on foreign equipment, and lack of comprehensive approaches. It suggests that mobile technologies and open educational resources could help address these issues if implemented through participatory and nationally-led programs.
The document summarizes information and communication challenges in Japan following the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. It describes how the disaster caused over 18,000 deaths and left many areas with destroyed infrastructure and lingering problems. Surveys found that in the early days, radio was the most useful information source, while mobile phones did not work. Areas directly hit by the tsunami had little to no information sources. Over time, television and the internet became more relied on for updates, but the information around the Fukushima nuclear accident was confusing and unreliable for evacuations. The surveys provided insights into what information tools were available and useful to disaster-affected communities over time.
Presented to Social Media in Times of Crisis Symposium 2011
Hosted by the Eidos Institute
4 April 2011, State Library of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Speaker: Eileen Culleton, Founder and CEO Emergency 2.0 Wiki (Voluntary).
This document outlines 10 lessons learned about public communications from the perspective of international humanitarian organizations and NGOs. It discusses how text messages provided key information during disasters when voice networks were down. It also emphasizes the importance of leveraging crowdsourced information from social media and the public, who can often provide more real-time situational updates than agencies. Finally, it encourages identifying plans to collaborate with volunteer groups to amplify messaging and monitor crowdsourced data and discussions.
This document provides an introduction to mass media. It defines mass media as communication that reaches a large audience, including television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet. Mass media serves several functions such as connecting people, socializing society, and providing entertainment. While it has benefits like information sharing, mass media can also reinforce consumerism and the status quo. It discusses the impact of mass media on social perceptions and interactions as well as examples of media hype.
This document discusses challenges with data during disasters and provides recommendations. It summarizes key data needs during disasters for the public and responders. It describes data issues during past disasters like Hurricane Katrina where 911 call centers were crippled. Lessons learned include the inability to rapidly share data across different systems and barriers. The document recommends pre-disaster solutions like real-time communication tools and situational awareness technologies. It also provides examples of post-disaster data needs like patient tracking and medical records. Recommendations are provided to plan for interoperability, test disaster scenarios, and establish data sharing agreements.
lesson 1.2 The Nature of Disaster and Risk Factor - Perspective of Disaster.pptxBERLYNALGABRE1
The document outlines the objectives, introduction, and activity for a lesson on disasters. The objectives are to describe disasters, identify common disasters in the Philippines, explain local natural and human-made disasters, and value knowing disaster risks. The introduction provides a disaster risk management video and activity involves analyzing news articles about floods, landslides, earthquakes, and fires in Davao City.
lesson 1.2 The Nature of Disaster and Risk Factor - Perspective of Disaster.pdfBerlynAlgabre
The document outlines objectives for a lesson on disasters, including describing what a disaster is, identifying common disasters in the Philippines, explaining local natural and human-made disasters, and valuing the importance of understanding disaster risks. It then provides definitions and classifications for disasters and hazards, the impacts disasters can have, and response mechanisms.
Hastily formed networks, Refugee connectivity, cybersecurity, and emerging digital threats and challenges presented at the Programme for Comparative Media Law and Policy at Oxford University, August 2019
Read the following scenario •In 1979, the Three Mil.docxfterry1
Read
the following scenario:
•
In 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor malfunctioned, releasing radiation into the environment. There were no immediate deaths or injuries resulting from the incident; however, the accident drew much media attention and created concerns in the local area and beyond. The major forms of communication used to report these events were the three major television networks and local radio stations.
In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the New Orleans area and immersed a significant part of the city in water. Local citizens and their families were affected. In contrast to the Three Mile Island incident, newer communication technologies, such as the Internet, were used to disseminate information.
Today, you are the director of a regional Emergency Management Office. You begin receiving official reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. Contingency plans must be addressed within the organization and with the public without creating a panic.
Write
a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper on essential communication in a community crisis situation described in the scenario.
Include
the following in your paper:
•
The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation
•
Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation
•
Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies
•
Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication
•
How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario
•
Media opportunities during this management crisis
Cite
a minimum of three sources, Electronic Reserve Readings, to support your position.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
InfoCrisis.Social is a project led by Gonzalo Bacigalupe and Javier Velasco-Martín that aims to create a socially powered information dashboard to help communities face disruptive events like natural disasters in Chile. The dashboard will provide tailored real-time information from official and social media sources to citizens, reporters, and researchers. The project team has conducted expert surveys, design workshops, and early development to design how the dashboard will prioritize and display different types of critical information to users depending on the disaster event and stage.
Setting the scene: emergencies in social mediaCraig Thomler
This document provides an overview of Craig Thomler's presentation on social media and emergency communications. Some key points discussed include:
- Many emergencies now spread through social media channels first, so emergency responders must engage on these platforms. Ignoring social media is not an effective option.
- During emergencies, social media can be used to disseminate timely information, coordinate resources, monitor situations, and respond to public inquiries. Several case studies of emergencies where social media played an important role are presented.
- Organizations need to incorporate social media into their emergency planning, risk management, and crisis response procedures. This includes establishing social media channels in advance, developing monitoring and engagement strategies,
See: Alexander, D.E. 2013. Social media in disaster risk reduction and crisis management. Science and Engineering Ethics (published on line 4 December 2013).
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTRajesh Mandal
This is divided into five parts: (1) Social Media as a tool in disaster management; (2) How Social Media can be used in disasters; (3) Limitations and weaknesses of Social Media; (4) Case studies of Social Media use during disasters; and (5) Conclusion.
The media plays an important part in the toolkit for any PSAP Director and they can often play a crucial supportive role. However, managing the media is a challenge and in this session attendees heard some novel approaches to dealing with the media.
The document discusses how social media is changing the role of emergency management and public information officers (PIOs) by allowing everyone to be a potential "first informer". It provides examples from incidents like the Virginia Tech shooting and California wildfires where social media allowed faster and more accurate information sharing than traditional media. The document advocates for governments and PIOs to actively engage on social media platforms and integrate social media information into emergency response plans to stay relevant in an age where everyone can potentially be a first informer.
Signal - social media, considerations for public safety and emergency managementIntergen
Social media’s significant usage and ongoing growth creates
opportunity for public safety and emergency management.
Information in and around social media can greatly enhance
intelligence and the common operating picture.
The now commonplace use of social media should encourage
public safety and emergency management agencies to get
involved. The level of involvement can be staged with
monitoring usually being the best place to start.
Many social media monitoring tools have been created to help
organisations manage the deluge of information and gain
intelligence. However, not all tools are alike especially when
it comes to features specific to public safety and emergency
management. Organisations should consider their requirements
carefully when investing in social media monitoring.
Engaging Citizens to create Sustainable Resilient CommunitiesCarol Spencer
This presentation discusses the need for effective communication in the process of creating sustainable, resilient communities. It was originally presented at the NJ Sustainable Jersey Summit in June 2015.
Read the following scenarioIn 1979, the Three Mile Island nucle.docxlaurieellan
Read
the following scenario:
In 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor malfunctioned, releasing radiation into the environment. There were no immediate deaths or injuries resulting from the incident; however, the accident drew much media attention and created concerns in the local area and beyond. The major forms of communication used to report these events were the three major television networks and local radio stations.
In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the New Orleans area and immersed a significant part of the city in water. Local citizens and their families were affected. In contrast to the Three Mile Island incident, newer communication technologies, such as the Internet, were used to disseminate information.
Today, you are the director of a regional Emergency Management Office. You begin receiving official reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. Contingency plans must be addressed within the organization and with the public without creating a panic.
Write
a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper on essential communication in a community crisis situation described in the scenario.
Include
the following in your paper:
The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation
Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation
Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies
Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication
How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario
Media opportunities during this management crisis
Cite
a minimum of three sources
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Citizen journalism has grown with the rise of digital technologies and social media. It allows ordinary people to create and share news and eyewitness accounts. This challenges the traditional role of professional journalists but can also help provide new perspectives and localized information. While citizen journalism increases access to timely reporting of events, professional journalists argue it is still important for them to verify facts and provide context around news stories.
This document discusses the increasing use of social media in disaster response and management. It provides examples of how platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Sina Weibo were utilized during disasters between 2005-2013 to share information, coordinate aid efforts, and tell survivors' stories. While social media helped improve response, its use was still ad hoc and not systematically researched. The document outlines best practices for humanitarian organizations to effectively engage on social media during disasters.
1) The document discusses how social media and mobile technologies have empowered citizens and changed emergency response by allowing people to participate through sharing information.
2) It outlines that emergency managers must now respond to incidents, warn the public, monitor and analyze social media, and communicate in real-time across platforms.
3) Several case studies of disasters are presented where social media played a key role in coordination, mapping requests for assistance, and disseminating information when other channels were unavailable.
The case for integrating crisis response with social media American Red Cross
Social media has changed expectations around crisis response by allowing people to directly request help online. This has created challenges for emergency responders to monitor and respond to these requests in a timely manner. In response, volunteer groups have formed using technologies like Ushahidi to aggregate crisis information from social media and map it to help coordinate response efforts. Events like Crisis Camp and Random Hacks of Kindness bring technologists together to develop open-source tools to help address humanitarian crises. The Haiti earthquake saw many of these collaborative efforts unite to rapidly develop applications and share information to assist response and relief operations.
New Technologies in Humanitarian Emergencies and ConflictsDr. Chris Stout
By Diane Coyle and Patrick Meier
About the UN Foundation and The Vodafone Foundation Partnership
The United Nations Foundation & Vodafone Foundation Technology Partnership is a leading public-private alliance
using technology programs to strengthen the UN’s humanitarian efforts worldwide. Created in October 2005 with
a £10 million commitment from The Vodafone Foundation matched by £5 million from the UN Foundation.
The Technology Partnership has three core areas of focus: (1) to strengthen communications in humanitarian
emergencies though capacity building and support for disaster response missions that connect disaster relief
workers and affected families; (2) to support the development of mobile health (mHealth) programs that tackle
critical public health challenges and improve public health systems, decision-making and, ultimately, patient
outcomes; and (3) to promote research and innovation using technology as a tool for international development.
The UN Foundation and The Vodafone Foundation are among the founding partners of the mHealth Alliance.
More information about the Technology Partnership can be found at: www.unfoundation.org/vodafone.
Presentation given to Sydney Metropolitan Area Integrated Regional Vulnerability Assessment hosted by Office of Environment & Heritage.
Looking at climate change and some of the challenges facing the emergency management sector around adaptation and resilience
Emergency Management Workshop
4th December 2013
Similar to The Role of Social Media in Crisis (20)
The RISEN-CSI-Trends presents results of the H2020 Action.
It was part of the Security Research Event (SRE) at the 24th October in Brussels.
RISEN has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 883116.
The RISEN Project – A Novel Concept for Real-time on-site Forensic Trace Qual...Marco Manso
We present the Real-tIme on-site forenSic tracE qualificatioN (RISEN) project, an innovate concept in forensic investigations in the context of CSI of sites affected by a chemical or biological attack. Coordinated by ENEA, RISEN will develop a set of network- enabled real-time contactless sensors for handling traces on site and accurate 3D recreation mechanisms of the entire crime scene, providing an immersive environment for investigators to evaluate hypotheses and conduct highly detailed investigations. The RISEN concept will allow forensics investigators and judicial authorities, to gather high quality information from a vast list of visible and invisible traces (localisation, identification/classification, interpretation and labelling) from a crime scene through standardised reports and a secure way, also speeding- up the forensic investigation process.
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The document discusses NEXES apps for citizens, which are being developed to improve emergency communication. The objectives are to ensure communication between citizens and emergency services, and create prototypes demonstrating next generation emergency services functionality. The apps will use standards like SIP and WebRTC for total conversation. An API is being developed to make the apps easy to build and will include features like sending location and medical data. Examples discussed include the myNEXES SIP app and NEXES WebRTC app. The goal is to create pan-European emergency apps that can be used across countries.
The document summarizes a workshop presentation on the NEXt generation Emergency Services (NEXES) project. The presentation covered several exercises using NEXES features like situational awareness tools, video calling, and medical instructions. Key advantages of the NEXES system highlighted were showing incident locations, enhancing situational awareness, improving response times, and aiding dispatcher-assisted CPR and resource planning. Upcoming events like the second edition of the NGES conference were also noted.
EMYNOS nExt generation eMergencY commuNicatiOnSMarco Manso
The document provides an overview of the EMYNOS project, which aims to develop a next generation emergency communications platform. The project is funded through the Horizon 2020 program and involves 11 partner organizations, including research institutions, network operators, and end users. It started in September 2015 and will run for 30 months until February 2018. The EMYNOS platform will address limitations of current emergency systems by being standardized, supporting new technologies like video and location data, and integrating social media. It will also aim to be accessible to people with disabilities.
Improved Capabilities at the Hands of PSAP Operators.Marco Manso
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1) There are 80 million people in the European Union affected by disabilities to some degree, which is approximately 15% of the EU population.
2) As the population ages, disabilities are becoming more common. Increased mobility across Europe also means emergency apps need to work across borders to support travelers and migrants with disabilities.
3) Next generation emergency services need to be fully inclusive and accessible to support independent living and participation for all citizens, including those who may temporarily lose abilities like hearing or speech after accidents.
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Presentation by Marco Manso - RINICOM at the 6th December 2013 in Athens, Greece.
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Presentation by Marco Manso - RINICOM at the 6th December 2013 in Athens, Greece.
Rinicom is a privately owned, profitable company incorporated in 2002 that specializes in wireless communications and digital TV technologies. They have a range of products including the Rinicom R1000 transmitter, RiniLink handheld receiver, PodNode wireless mesh network, and Rinicom RapidNet integrated wireless surveillance system. Rinicom has a strong research team and partnerships with universities and major customers in industries like emergency response, military, and biometrics.
The document discusses research priorities for security technologies in Horizon 2020. It describes the work of IMG-S, a group of 119 organizations from 24 European countries that aims to identify security research needs and gaps. The document outlines IMG-S's view on key research areas, including adaptive wide-area surveillance, citizen participation in security monitoring, improving situation awareness sharing between organizations, and developing critical technologies like secure vehicle communications and next-generation communications for first responders. It also discusses specific technical challenges within areas like border surveillance, underwater security, and large heterogeneous sensor networks.
IMG-S is an open forum of over 100 entities from 24 countries that brings together experts from industry, SMEs, research organizations and academia to address European and global security needs. It has 6 technical areas and 1 cross-technical group that provide consensus views on research priorities. It also has a Synthesis and Coordination Group that develops a holistic security research view and identifies priorities for Horizon 2020. This position paper results from 188 research topics suggested by IMG-S members across 14 strategic areas such as cyber security, border management, critical infrastructure protection, and standardization/interoperability.
Curso OCR - 07 - novos modelos e abordagens de C2Marco Manso
O documento discute novos modelos e abordagens de comando e controle (C2) no contexto das operações centradas em rede. Apresenta o modelo de maturidade de C2 da NATO, que define cinco níveis de capacidade operacional associados a cinco abordagens de C2. Também introduz o framework N2C2M2, que relaciona a abordagem de C2 com o desempenho da força, e discute a importância da experimentação para validar estes modelos teóricos.
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5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
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Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
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In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
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Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
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“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
The Role of Social Media in Crisis
1. The Role of Social Media in Crisis
A European Holistic Approach to the
Adoption of Online and Mobile Communications in
Crisis Response and Search and Rescue Efforts
Marco Manso (TEKEVER)
Bárbara Manso (TEKEVER)
17th ICCRTS (Operationalizing C2 Agility)
2. Agenda
• Contributors List
• Definitions
• Lessons From Past Crisis
• The Role of ICT in Crisis
• An European approach for Social Media in
Crisis
– The Multi-Dimensional Problem
– Platform and Services
• Conclusions
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
3. Contributors List
Hernan Joglar (Army of Chile (Retired Colonel) - Chile), Marco Artioli and Davide
Piombini (Bridge129 - Italy), Emilio Mordini and Andrew Rebera (Centre for
Science, Society and Citizenship - Italy), Stéphane Schmoll (Deveryware -
France), Kari Junttila and Esa Kokki (Emergency Services College - Finland),
Richard E. Hayes and Grace Scarborough (EBR - USA), Dieter Rhode and Silke
Schmidt (Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald - Institute of Psychology -
Department Health and Prevention – Germany), Michal Choras and Krzysztof
Samp (ITTI - Poland), Egil Bovim and Øyvind Hope (National Centre on
Emergency Communication in Health - Norway), Jukka Koponen (North Savo
Rescue Department - Finland), Dave Fortune (North Yorkshire Police Authority -
UK), Emmanuelle Villot (Pôle Pilote de Sécurité Locale - France), Vesa
Muttilainen (Police College of Finland - Finland), Thomas Delavallade, Catherine
Gouttas and Olivier Sagnes (Thales Communications and Security - France),
Michael Cooke (University of Dublin - Trinity College - Aerospace Psychology
Research Group - Ireland), Hanna-Miina Sihvonen (University of Eastern Finland -
Finland), Elizabeth Avery Gomez (University of New Jersey - USA) and Alessandro
Zanasi (Zanasi & Partners – Italy)
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
4. Definitions
• Crisis: In this paper, crisis is defined in the security context as resulting
of human activities, technological hazard events or natural phenomena,
and understood as the situation in which the priority values, interests,
preconditions or critical functions of large social systems are seriously
threatened, challenged, impaired or overloaded.
• Social Media: Social media refers to “online technologies and practices
to share content, opinions and information, promote discussion and build
relationships”. Social media services and tools involve a combination of
technology, telecommunications and social interaction.
• Online and Mobile Communications: for online communications see
‘social media’. Mobile communications encompass all communications
that are based upon the use of mobile devices, such as mobile phones,
smartphones, tablets, portable computers and personal digital assistants
(PDAs).
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
5. Agenda
• Contributors List
• Definitions
• Lessons From Past Crisis
• The Role of ICT in Crisis
• The iSAR+ Way: an approach for Social
Media in crisis
– The Multi-Dimensional Problem
– Platform and Services
• Conclusions
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
6. Lessons From Past Crisis
• December 24th 2004 – The Indian Ocean Tsunami
• July 7th 2005 – London Tube Bombings
• August 29th, 2005 – Hurricane Katrina
• 2007 Southern California Wildfires
• January 12th, 2010 – The Haiti Earthquake
• March 11th 2011 – The Great Japan Earthquake
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
7. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
December 24th 2004 – The Indian Ocean Tsunami
• A 9.3 magnitude earthquake was felt in the Indian Ocean and within
minutes a giant tsunami decimated Banda Aceh, on the island of Sumatra,
and massively struck twelve countries bordering the Indian Ocean, killing
over 280,931 people.
• No advance warning was given. Information on the destruction of Sri
Lanka’s coast reached (by telephone) the media, and then the general
public, prior to the news of Banda Aceh’s fate.
• The existence of available information was severely hindered by the low
connectivity and scarce telecommunications access in developing Asia.
• The UN Humanitarian Information Centre in Banda Aceh became the
local information hub, BUT the first reports of this disaster came from
tourists (photos and videos from mobile phones uploaded to WEB).
• More than fifty worldwide contributors built The South-East Asia
Earthquake and Tsunami Blog, which aggregated news and set up a
tracker for missing persons’ reports and humanitarian efforts.
8. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
July 7th 2005 – London Tube Bombings
• Three bombs detonated on three London Underground trains and a fourth bomb on a
double-decker bus. The attacks were the deadliest in London since World War II, killing 52
people and injuring more than 700 others.
• Initial information was scarce causing confusion in passengers.
• FRs with problems with radio communications. Not all radio systems operated in
underground and there was interoperability problems between the different systems.
• Legal issues: the United Kingdom's Data Protection Act prohibits sharing personal data
without the consent of those concerned.
• Most mobile operators reported capacity problems (excessive usage)
• Victims trapped underground were able to take photos and video of their surroundings but
could only be later forwarded to police and broadcasted through the media around the world.
• (media) Local and national radio either suspended regular programming, or provided regular
updates, whereas continuous, uninterrupted TV news coverage of the attacks was broadcast
throughout the day, empowered by the use of mobile phone footage sent in by members
of the public and live pictures from traffic CCTV cameras. This day marked how day-to-
day technology undertook a major role in citizen’s journalism.
9. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
August 29th, 2005 – Hurricane Katrina
• Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans and flooded 80% of the region for
weeks, forcing 1.2 million residents to evacuate and killing 1,836 people.
• The emergency 911 service was severely damaged and surviving stations
were soon overwhelmed by the awesome volume of calls as desperate people
tried to get help.
• The New Orleans Police Department’s communications system was inoperative for
three days. 80% of the city’s emergency networks were incompatible.
• Satellite phones worked once the immediate storm passed. Satellite radio, such
as XM and Sirius, continued to function.
• The Amateur Radio Emergency Service provided communications in areas
where the communications infrastructure had been damaged or totally destroyed,
and the SATERN network of amateur radio operators helped to locate more than
25,000 survivors.
• The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Mobile Emergency
Response Support (MERS) teams provided assistance with emergency
communications, with limited impact in the first days.
10. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
August 29th, 2005 – Hurricane Katrina (2)
• The absence of authoritative and believable information from public officials
created a climate of rumour, misinformation and speculation, and added to the
loss of citizens’ confidence and the government’s inability to maintain public order.
• Field reporters became conduits for information between victims and authorities,
often using internet sites such as blogs, wikis, fora and community journalism.
• The authorities monitored local and network news broadcasts, as well as
internet sites, to assist in the rescue efforts coordination.
• NOLA.com (blog) the web affiliate of New Orleans' Times-Picayune accepted and
posted thousands of individual pleas for rescue. Much of NOLA’s information
came indirectly from trapped victims via SMS messaging of their cell
phones.
• Shelters emerged as information hubs for seeking and providing information
and the large Red Cross-run shelters had to establish well-organized call centres
and processes for recording and transmitting messages.
• A few shelters had computers to access the internet but many users needed
computer training. Volunteers assisted with this task and helped them to share
information, find missing people and follow-up relief efforts.
11. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
2007 Southern California Wildfires (end-October and November)
• Multiple wildfires in Southern California destroyed 1500 homes and burned over 500,000 acres of land,
killing 9 people, injuring 85 and provoking the evacuation of more than half a million people. In the
process, six counties were declared disaster areas: Los Angeles, Riverside, Orange, San Bernardino, San
Diego and Ventura.
• Prompt evacuation and road blockades were fundamental to reduce public exposure and maximise
firefighters’ access to threatened locations.
• The Reverse 911 system worked extremely well notifying residents of danger, in spite of provoking
increased congestion on exit routes.
• Several local fire authorities ordered a large number of Public Information Officers (PIO) providing
volunteers the official information and disaster relief contacts as well as for connecting to the
media and the public the vast amount of information they required.
• Unable to learn critical information from the media (too general and often incorrect), people in the affected
region used mobile and social media to be informed: mobile phones to contact relatives and friends,
information portals and websites to know about road closures and fire-line status.
• During the course of the fires, citizen journalists used Twitter and Flickr to provide real-time updates
about evacuations, meeting points and places to gather supplies or bring animals. These updates could be
combined with reports from broadcast television news, local radio, streaming video, instant
messages, text messages, online scanner radio feed and e-mails from friends in the area.
• San Diego’s local National Public Radio affiliate turned to Google Maps and Twitter to report the news
online when excessive web traffic brought down its website. Likewise, some people acted as
information brokers, distributing information, giving advices and providing console.
12. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
January 12th, 2010 – The Haiti Earthquake
• A 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Haiti, killing 316,000 people, injuring
as many as 300,000, destroying 300,000 houses and leaving 1,600,000
people homeless.
• Amidst the collapse of all critical infrastructure, communications withstood
a considerable high damage. Still, within hours of the earthquake, most of
Haiti’s cell phone towers were still operational and text messages were
getting through.
• Being Text messaging (SMS) the primary means of remote communication
in Haiti, a free aid service 4636 (via DigiCel) was implemented: hundreds
of messages in Kreyol-language were received (about 1000 per day),
translated, categorized and geolocated by hundreds of volunteers
worldwide.
• The Ushahidi Haiti platform was linked directly to the “4636″ live feed
and, from this time, the US Marines starting taking the feed of
messages and established a dedicated force to monitor and respond
to them.
13. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
January 12th, 2010 – The Haiti Earthquake (2)
• An increasing number of organisations were using the maps to plan and
coordinate relief efforts: Red Cross, Plan International, Charity Water, US State
Department, International Medical Corps, AIDG, USAID, FEMA, US Coast Guard
Task Force, World Food Program, SOUTHCOM, OFDA and UNDP.
• (media) Radio is the most common medium used by Haitians: thus Radio Lumière
resumed broadcasting across most of its network within a week.
• The International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated, allowing
satellite imagery of affected regions to be shared with rescue organizations.
• Members of social networking sites, such as Twitter and Facebook, spread
messages and pleas for help.
• The OpenStreetMap community responded to the disaster by improving the level
of mapping available for the area (using post-earthquake satellite photography
provided by GeoEye) and tracking website Ushahidi messages to assist Haitians
still trapped and keep survivors’ families informed.
14. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
March 11th 2011 – The Great Japan Earthquake
• A powerful 9.0 magnitude earthquake (the seventh most powerful earthquake in
recorded History) struck the coast of Japan, causing widespread power outages,
fires and a severe tsunami reported to be 40.5 meters high and traveling 10 km
inland. At least 15,647 people were killed, 4,643 missing, 5,924 injured, 130,927
displaced and more than 332,395 buildings, 2,126 roads, 56 bridges and 26
railways destroyed or damaged.
• Electricity, gas and water supplies, telecommunications and railway service were
disrupted and several reactors severely damaged at Fukushima’s nuclear power
plant.
• One minute before the earthquake was felt in Tokyo, the Earthquake Early
Warning system sent out warnings of impending strong shaking to millions. It is
believed by the Japan Meteorological Agency to have saved many lives.
• Cellular and landline phone service suffered major disruptions in the affected area
but internet services were largely unaffected. In an hour, with the Japanese
fixed telephone network destroyed, Twitter became the emergency service, with
almost 1200 tweets per minute coming from Tokyo, accordingly to Tweet-o-Meter.
15. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
March 11th 2011 – The Great Japan Earthquake (2)
• Several Wi-Fi hotspot providers reacted by providing free access to their networks
and companies provided free VoIP calls.
• There was no clear decision-making structure that would allow the disparate
stakeholders on disaster recovery to work together (local response only). The
traditional problem of Japanese decision-making, mixed with the stove-piped
tatewarigyousei and protective nawabari cultures, makes the protection of own
information the priority, prompting a agency-centric response management
instead of a coordinated and integrated capability.
• Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano, used social media tools to calm public fears
and remedy media speculation. As expected, the crisis at the Fukushima power
plant was catapulted online almost instantly and within a few days generated 64%
of blog links and 32% of Twitter news links.
• Public criticism in the Japanese society both against the government and against
Tepco, the operator of the plant, started to rise. Cabinet Secretary Edano’s live
press conferences were praised on Twitter, for he was clear, articulate and
unafraid of difficult questions, presenting leadership qualities.
16. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Aspects in Common:
• Critical infrastructures, including communications, withstand extreme
damage or destruction.
• Internet and cellular connectivity exhibit a resilient performance, especially
concerning the capacity to establish SMS and text messaging
communication.
• 112 or 911 emergency services rapidly becoming overwhelmed by the high
volume of incoming calls. E.g., in Norway, 112 operators dismissed all
calls that were not related to the Oslo bombings (some were made to
report the shooting at Utoya).
• Traditional (unidireccional) communication means are too generic (e.g.,
media). Local channels are very useful.
• A number of ICT tools deployed in crisis by independent organizations (or
individuals) have been adopted by citizens and other organizations.
• Social networks were the first providers of news in a number of cases.
Citizens were the first sensors in situ.
17. Lessons From Past Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Aspects in Common (2):
• Law restricts most public safety organizations on information sharing
concerning the public.
• Public Safety organizations have not bi-direccional communication
mechanisms implemented with the citizens
– The implementation of ICT tools for this purpose is mainly driven by individuals
or independent organizations.
• Public Safety organizations face severe law restrictions even during crisis
in what concerns sharing information about victims.
• Citizens have been filling the present gap using social networks (not
originaly designed for this purpose) and other available tools.
– However, these tools do not conform with data privacy legislation of Europe
(and US).
18. Agenda
• Contributors List
• Definitions
• Lessons From Past Crisis
• The Role of ICT in Crisis
• An European approach for Social Media in
crisis
– The Multi-Dimensional Problem
– Platform and Services
• Conclusions
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
19. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• A plethora of new tools and platforms has been developed
and used in crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Mission 4636
20. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• An example: OpenStreetMap
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Left image: Before the Earthquake
Center image: Two days after the Earthquake
Right image: on October 14th 2011
22. The Role of ICT in Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Source:
h*p://blog.ushahidi.com/index.php/
2010/02/08/project-‐4636-‐an-‐info-‐graphic/
23. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• Mobile
U.
S.
FEMA,
North
Dakota
State
University
(NDSU)
in
Fargo
Ushahidi
Disaster
Alert
(Pacific
Disaster
Center's
World
Disaster
Alerts)
24. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• Mobile
Gaia
GPS
Applica+on
(for
Hai+an
Disaster
Relief)
25. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• Police goes mobile
NYPA
Mobile
Applica+on
The
image
on
the
right
refers
to
a
photo
of
a
suspect
that
was
shared
by
the
police
to
ciWzens.
The
image
was
anonymized
in
this
presentaWon.
26. The Role of ICT in Crisis
• Social Networks / User Uploaded content
Social'Networking'Mobile'App' Citizen'Main'Use'
Facebook( Share(messages,(images(and(video(with(friends(or(anyone.(
Most(used(social(media(worldwide.(
EU(alternatives(are(Hyves.nl((in(the(Netherlands)(and(NaszaCklasa.pl((in(Poland)(
Twitter( Connect(with(and(follow(people(based(on(a(similar(topic.((
Short(text(messaging(in(realCtime.(
Supports(geotagging(messages.(
YouTube( Share(videos.((
Easy(to(post(a(video(recorded(by(a(smartphone.((
Flickr( Share(images.((
Supports(geotagging(images.(
Alternatives(are(Picasa,(Panoramio((photos(of(the(world).(
In
flickr,
“HaiW”
and
“Hope
for
HaiW
2010”
have
more
than
10.000
photos
posted.
27. Agenda
• Contributors List
• Definitions
• Lessons From Past Crisis
• The Role of ICT in Crisis
• An European approach for Social Media in
crisis
– The Multi-Dimensional Problem
– Platform and Services
• Conclusions
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
28. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Today
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
29. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Our
Vision
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
30. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
MAIN CHALLENGE To enable PPDRs and citizens to (rapidly) generate high levels of
situational awareness upon the occurrence of a large emergency
or crisis event.
MAIN OPPORTUNITY To exploit the citizens’ (i) high-level of adoption and use of mobile technology
and (ii) their pro-active behaviour of online information production and
consumption.
31. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
BARRIER (PPDRs) PPDRs distrust online social media as a credible information
source and a viable communication tool with citizens in crises.
BARRIER (PPDRs) Popular online social media platforms cannot be used as a formal
PPDR tool for they do not uphold EU ethical principles and legal
framework.
BARRIER (PPDRs) Introducing change to PPDRs entails new risks and it is a process
to be carefully structured, managed and tested, before
implementation.
BARRIER (Citizens) Citizens use the online platforms they are accustomed to. Forcing
a change of habits and the adoption of an unfamiliar platform will
likely result in failure.
32. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• A multi-dimensional problem
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
33. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Organisational Dimension
• Focuses on PPDR organisations and their culture,
roles, processes, competences, training and
technologies.
• How to adapt these organisations to work with
social media platforms, building their trust in online
networking platforms?
• How to introduce these new technologies into the
organisations’ operational processes?
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
34. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Human Dimension
• Focuses on the citizens’ perspective on the
acceptance and adequate employment of state-of-
the-art mobile and social media communication
technologies in crisis situations.
• Addresses human factor analyses, message
delivery channels and message content.
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
35. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Ethical and Legal Dimension
• Deals with the ICT/Tools requirements to abide to
the ethical principles and legal framework
applicable when developing an ethics-by-design
project approach.
• Addresses the ethical and legal framework
concerns and waivers emerging from the debate
on the boundaries of privacy rights and public
security, with respect to the integration of new
online and mobile technology in crisis response
efforts.
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
36. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• Technological Dimension
• Entails the integration of current ICT tools for
crisis, equipment, communications, information
processing technologies and current standards into
a platform.
• Explores the real potential of ICT and mobile
technologies in what concerns crisis response and
search and rescue actions.
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
37. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• The iSAR+ Platform and Services
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
38. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• The iSAR+ Platform and Services
– The i112 Portal (for Citizens and PPDRs)
– Interoperability with Existing Social Media and ICT Tools
for Crisis
– The iSAR+ Fusion Centre
– iSAR+ PPDR Services
– iSAR+ Mobile Services
– (Advanced Services) [study]
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
39. An Approach for Social Media in Crisis
• iSAR+ Interfaces: international cooperation
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
40. Conclusions
• Social Media in Crisis offers a crucial
communication mechanism to disaster response
organizations, first-reponders and citizens:
– Faster response reaction times for the citizens’ benefit
– Improved links amongst prevention, detection, reporting
and rescue
– Improved performance of first responders, medical
personnel, police and law enforcement agencies
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
41. The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Thank you for your Attention !
Marco Manso (TEKEVER)
marco.manso@tekever.com
Paper 007: The Role of Social Media in Crisis
Bárbara Manso (TEKEVER)
barbara.manso@tekever.com