The document discusses a study that examined copper and malondialdehyde levels in seminal plasma of oligospermic (low sperm count) and normospermic (normal sperm count) men in Diyala, Iraq. The study found that seminal plasma copper levels decreased non-significantly in oligospermic men compared to controls, while malondialdehyde levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation, were significantly elevated in oligospermic men. This suggests oxidative stress may play a role in male infertility.
Rose S, Frye RE, Slattery J, Wynne R, Tippett M, et al. (2014) Oxidative Stress Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Subset of Autism Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines in a Well-Matched Case Control Cohort. PLoS ONE 9(1):e85436.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085436.
External agents like carcinogens, pollutants, ionizing radiations produce oxidative stress in living cells generating reactive oxygen
species [ROS]. Cells have built in defense against these reactive species and keep a balance between generated ROS and their
neutralization by endogenous antioxidants [AO]. In addition, many antioxidants present in our diets react with the ROS and make
them inactive. The maintenance of balance is a continuous process inside cells to keep them functioning normally. When
generation of ROS exceeds the level of endogenous and externally added AOs , cells are driven to pathogenic state leading to
diseases. A variety of dietary AOs are available from various sources of fruits and vegetables. This paper aims to review the
molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, generation and reactions of ROS with vital molecules such as DNA, Protein and
membrane and involvement of ROS in the induction of cancer and other diseases. An attempt is made to suggest ways to reduce
cancer incidence risks , need to modify dietary foods by consuming vegetables, fruits for chemo prevention. An example has been
given to emphasize the role of curcumin as an antioxidant in the mechanism of chemoprevention.
Keywords: Oxidative stress, Carcinogens, ROS, Antioxidants, Chemoprevention.
Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility-Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublisherssmoaj
Stress is defined as a general body response to initially threatening external or internal demands, involving the mobilization of physiological and psychological resources to deal with them. Recently, oxidative stress has become the focus of interest as a potential cause of male infertility. Normally, equilibrium exists between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant scavenging activities in the male reproductive organs. Non-hormonal medical treatment has been proposed for patients with idiopathic or non-curable oligo-astheno-terato-zoospermia and for normo-zoospermic infertile patients. Anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic & antioxidant compounds, oligo elements and vitamin supplementation may be prescribed. Infection, inflammation and/or increased oxidative stress often require a specific treatment with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and/or antioxidants. The ascorbic acid is a known antioxidant present in the testis with the precise role of protecting the male reproductive organs from the oxidative damage. It also contributes to the support of spermatogenesis at least in part through its capacity to maintain antioxidant in an active state. Combined therapies can contribute to improve sperm quality.
Antioxidant potentials of tannic acid on lipid peroxidation induced by severa...Premier Publishers
Various prospective studies have indicated the antioxidant potency of tannic acid in several models. However, there is no clear-cut evidence revealing that the reported antioxidant properties of tannic acid remains potent regardless of the lipid sources and pro-oxidants employed for the oxidative assault. Hence, this study sought to investigate the antioxidant properties of tannic acid against cerebral and hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by several pro-oxidants (Iron (II) sulfate, Sodium nitroprusside, cyclophosphamide and acetaminophen) in vitro. Rats were decapitated under mild ether anesthesia and the tissues were rapidly dissected, placed on ice, weighed and immediately homogenized in cold 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 (1/10, w/v). The homogenates were centrifuged for 10 min at 4000 g to yield a pellet that was discarded and a low-speed supernatant (S1). Our results indicated that Fe (II) showed the highest pro-oxidative effects in both tissues lipids. Furthermore, tannic acid demonstrated potent inhibitory effects against lipid peroxidation in both tissues lipids regardless of the pro-oxidant employed. To this end, there is a dire need to exploit the protective benefits of tannic acid as a potential exogenous antioxidant against lipid peroxidation with a view to providing solution to the global oxidative stress menace.
Rose S, Frye RE, Slattery J, Wynne R, Tippett M, et al. (2014) Oxidative Stress Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Subset of Autism Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines in a Well-Matched Case Control Cohort. PLoS ONE 9(1):e85436.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085436.
External agents like carcinogens, pollutants, ionizing radiations produce oxidative stress in living cells generating reactive oxygen
species [ROS]. Cells have built in defense against these reactive species and keep a balance between generated ROS and their
neutralization by endogenous antioxidants [AO]. In addition, many antioxidants present in our diets react with the ROS and make
them inactive. The maintenance of balance is a continuous process inside cells to keep them functioning normally. When
generation of ROS exceeds the level of endogenous and externally added AOs , cells are driven to pathogenic state leading to
diseases. A variety of dietary AOs are available from various sources of fruits and vegetables. This paper aims to review the
molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, generation and reactions of ROS with vital molecules such as DNA, Protein and
membrane and involvement of ROS in the induction of cancer and other diseases. An attempt is made to suggest ways to reduce
cancer incidence risks , need to modify dietary foods by consuming vegetables, fruits for chemo prevention. An example has been
given to emphasize the role of curcumin as an antioxidant in the mechanism of chemoprevention.
Keywords: Oxidative stress, Carcinogens, ROS, Antioxidants, Chemoprevention.
Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility-Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublisherssmoaj
Stress is defined as a general body response to initially threatening external or internal demands, involving the mobilization of physiological and psychological resources to deal with them. Recently, oxidative stress has become the focus of interest as a potential cause of male infertility. Normally, equilibrium exists between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant scavenging activities in the male reproductive organs. Non-hormonal medical treatment has been proposed for patients with idiopathic or non-curable oligo-astheno-terato-zoospermia and for normo-zoospermic infertile patients. Anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic & antioxidant compounds, oligo elements and vitamin supplementation may be prescribed. Infection, inflammation and/or increased oxidative stress often require a specific treatment with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and/or antioxidants. The ascorbic acid is a known antioxidant present in the testis with the precise role of protecting the male reproductive organs from the oxidative damage. It also contributes to the support of spermatogenesis at least in part through its capacity to maintain antioxidant in an active state. Combined therapies can contribute to improve sperm quality.
Antioxidant potentials of tannic acid on lipid peroxidation induced by severa...Premier Publishers
Various prospective studies have indicated the antioxidant potency of tannic acid in several models. However, there is no clear-cut evidence revealing that the reported antioxidant properties of tannic acid remains potent regardless of the lipid sources and pro-oxidants employed for the oxidative assault. Hence, this study sought to investigate the antioxidant properties of tannic acid against cerebral and hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by several pro-oxidants (Iron (II) sulfate, Sodium nitroprusside, cyclophosphamide and acetaminophen) in vitro. Rats were decapitated under mild ether anesthesia and the tissues were rapidly dissected, placed on ice, weighed and immediately homogenized in cold 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 (1/10, w/v). The homogenates were centrifuged for 10 min at 4000 g to yield a pellet that was discarded and a low-speed supernatant (S1). Our results indicated that Fe (II) showed the highest pro-oxidative effects in both tissues lipids. Furthermore, tannic acid demonstrated potent inhibitory effects against lipid peroxidation in both tissues lipids regardless of the pro-oxidant employed. To this end, there is a dire need to exploit the protective benefits of tannic acid as a potential exogenous antioxidant against lipid peroxidation with a view to providing solution to the global oxidative stress menace.
The role of antioxidant supplement in immune system, neoplastic, and neurodegenerative disorders: a point of view for an assessment
of the risk/benefit profile. Nutritional Journal
Oxidative stress is described as the imbalance between pro-oxidants (Reactive oxygen species) and antioxidants levels commonly called redox imbalance. It occurs in a discrete step-wise process of initiation, propagation, and termination stages via the generation of free radicals. These steps bring about effects that have contributed to hypertension through endothelial dysfunction, reduced bioavailability of Nitric oxide, atherosclerotic plaque formation, and reduction of toxic oxidants. Hence, oxidative stress mechanism is implicated in hypertension and thus, the daily intake of antioxidants-containing foods and products to supplement depleted endogenous antioxidants is recommended.
The Role Of Transition Metals & Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) In Alzheimer's ...Pırıl Erel
This powerpoint discusses the role of transition metals and amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and how metal ion chelators may be employed as therapeutic agents for AD. It describes the disorder, how it progresses and what happens to the brain tissue.
Furthermore, within the presentation I describe a drug which chelates metals including a description about the chemical formulation of these drugs and how the drug can be preventative of AD.
Oxidative stress has increasingly been considered a factor in numerous diseases and cancers because of its extensive presence throughout the body. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), generated continuously from oxidative phosphorylation and received from various exogenous sources, are constantly used as a key molecule for signal transduction, but under conditions of oxidative stress, when they can no longer be suppressed, they have the potential to damage the cell’s DNA. In many cases, repair mechanisms mitigate the damage, and if the damage becomes irreparable, then the cell will undergo apoptosis. In rare cases, though, DNA can get damaged to a point where the cell becomes cancerous and can eventually form a tumor. While ROS often take a significant amount of time to accumulate, once they have done so and are unable to be suppressed by cellular countermeasures, it is very likely for DNA damage to occur, and in cancerous cells, they actually enhance rapid proliferation, chronic inflammation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. This is why it is necessary to boost or introduce cellular countermeasures to mitigate the dangers of ROS. Current research on oxidative stress is mainly focusing on the benefits of antioxidants, which are commonly used by the cell to reduce ROS, and triggering apoptosis in tumors through enhanced oxidative stress conditions. This review will discuss the role of oxidative stress in tumorigenesis and cancer proliferation as well as the possible treatments, especially antioxidants and ROS-inducing drugs.
Oxygen is an essential and fundamental term for life. Cells use oxygen to
produce energy for normal cell activities, Free radicals are normal
consequence of ATP production in the mitochondria. These by-products
are in general reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen
species (RNS). These two species are referred collectively as ROS/RNS.
The phrases "free radicals" and "reactive oxygen species" (ROS) are
frequently used interchangeably although this is not always correct. The
physiological state of increased steady-state ROS level along with certain
physiological effects has been called oxidative stress. These species play
a dual role. As benefit compounds at low or moderate levels. And as toxic
compounds at high concentrations by generation of oxidative stress .The
delicate balance between their two antagonistic effects is clearly an
important aspect of life [1-5]. Free radicals are, by definition, species
which contain an odd number of electrons. They may be positively
charged, negatively charged, or neutral and all three types are important
Antioxidants /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders the epigenetic perspective1 philip c. haycockBARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
An excellent account of the epigenetic consequences of preconceptual alcohol and prenatal alcohol. Although published ten years ago subsequent research confirms Dr Haycock’s conclusions.
superoxide dismutase is a metal containing antioxidant enzyme that reduce harmful free radicals of oxygen formed during normal metabolic cell processes to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
Neurodegeneration: Factors Involved and Therapeutic Strategiesinventionjournals
Neurodegenerative disorders are disorders of the nervous system which are characterized by a loss of neuronal structure and function. These changes lead to a loss of several abilities that include cognition and movement as observed in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Several factors like oxidative stress and protein misfolding have been found to play a vital role in the etiology of common neurological disorders. Whether these factors contribute to the progression of the disorders or are a consequence still remains elusive. Inspite of attempts to elucidate the molecular and pathological mechanisms of these pathways, many aspects still remain unclear. However, newer areas of therapeutic interventions like stem cell therapy and anti-oxidant therapy are now being explored as potential treatments. The aim of this review is to study the various factors that are associated with neurodegeneration along with recent therapeutic strategies that are being employed in an attempt to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
In-vitro biological activities of the free new H4L ( indole-7-thiocarbohydrazone) ligand and its Ni(II), Pd(II) , Pt(II),
Cu(II), Ag(I), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes are screened against two cancerous cell lines, that revealed significant
activity only for [Cu2Cl2(H4L)2(PPh3)2] after 72 h treatment by the highest tested concentrations. The Copper(I)
complex was characterized by X-ray Crystallography and the NMR spectra, whereas it has been confirmed to have
momentous cytotoxicity against ovarian, breast cancerous cell lines (Caov-3, MCF-7). The apoptosis-inducing
properties of the Cu(I) complex have been investigated through fluorescence microscopy visualization, DNA
fragmentation analysis and propidium iodide flow cytometry.
The role of antioxidant supplement in immune system, neoplastic, and neurodegenerative disorders: a point of view for an assessment
of the risk/benefit profile. Nutritional Journal
Oxidative stress is described as the imbalance between pro-oxidants (Reactive oxygen species) and antioxidants levels commonly called redox imbalance. It occurs in a discrete step-wise process of initiation, propagation, and termination stages via the generation of free radicals. These steps bring about effects that have contributed to hypertension through endothelial dysfunction, reduced bioavailability of Nitric oxide, atherosclerotic plaque formation, and reduction of toxic oxidants. Hence, oxidative stress mechanism is implicated in hypertension and thus, the daily intake of antioxidants-containing foods and products to supplement depleted endogenous antioxidants is recommended.
The Role Of Transition Metals & Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) In Alzheimer's ...Pırıl Erel
This powerpoint discusses the role of transition metals and amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and how metal ion chelators may be employed as therapeutic agents for AD. It describes the disorder, how it progresses and what happens to the brain tissue.
Furthermore, within the presentation I describe a drug which chelates metals including a description about the chemical formulation of these drugs and how the drug can be preventative of AD.
Oxidative stress has increasingly been considered a factor in numerous diseases and cancers because of its extensive presence throughout the body. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), generated continuously from oxidative phosphorylation and received from various exogenous sources, are constantly used as a key molecule for signal transduction, but under conditions of oxidative stress, when they can no longer be suppressed, they have the potential to damage the cell’s DNA. In many cases, repair mechanisms mitigate the damage, and if the damage becomes irreparable, then the cell will undergo apoptosis. In rare cases, though, DNA can get damaged to a point where the cell becomes cancerous and can eventually form a tumor. While ROS often take a significant amount of time to accumulate, once they have done so and are unable to be suppressed by cellular countermeasures, it is very likely for DNA damage to occur, and in cancerous cells, they actually enhance rapid proliferation, chronic inflammation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. This is why it is necessary to boost or introduce cellular countermeasures to mitigate the dangers of ROS. Current research on oxidative stress is mainly focusing on the benefits of antioxidants, which are commonly used by the cell to reduce ROS, and triggering apoptosis in tumors through enhanced oxidative stress conditions. This review will discuss the role of oxidative stress in tumorigenesis and cancer proliferation as well as the possible treatments, especially antioxidants and ROS-inducing drugs.
Oxygen is an essential and fundamental term for life. Cells use oxygen to
produce energy for normal cell activities, Free radicals are normal
consequence of ATP production in the mitochondria. These by-products
are in general reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen
species (RNS). These two species are referred collectively as ROS/RNS.
The phrases "free radicals" and "reactive oxygen species" (ROS) are
frequently used interchangeably although this is not always correct. The
physiological state of increased steady-state ROS level along with certain
physiological effects has been called oxidative stress. These species play
a dual role. As benefit compounds at low or moderate levels. And as toxic
compounds at high concentrations by generation of oxidative stress .The
delicate balance between their two antagonistic effects is clearly an
important aspect of life [1-5]. Free radicals are, by definition, species
which contain an odd number of electrons. They may be positively
charged, negatively charged, or neutral and all three types are important
Antioxidants /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders the epigenetic perspective1 philip c. haycockBARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
An excellent account of the epigenetic consequences of preconceptual alcohol and prenatal alcohol. Although published ten years ago subsequent research confirms Dr Haycock’s conclusions.
superoxide dismutase is a metal containing antioxidant enzyme that reduce harmful free radicals of oxygen formed during normal metabolic cell processes to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
Neurodegeneration: Factors Involved and Therapeutic Strategiesinventionjournals
Neurodegenerative disorders are disorders of the nervous system which are characterized by a loss of neuronal structure and function. These changes lead to a loss of several abilities that include cognition and movement as observed in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Several factors like oxidative stress and protein misfolding have been found to play a vital role in the etiology of common neurological disorders. Whether these factors contribute to the progression of the disorders or are a consequence still remains elusive. Inspite of attempts to elucidate the molecular and pathological mechanisms of these pathways, many aspects still remain unclear. However, newer areas of therapeutic interventions like stem cell therapy and anti-oxidant therapy are now being explored as potential treatments. The aim of this review is to study the various factors that are associated with neurodegeneration along with recent therapeutic strategies that are being employed in an attempt to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
In-vitro biological activities of the free new H4L ( indole-7-thiocarbohydrazone) ligand and its Ni(II), Pd(II) , Pt(II),
Cu(II), Ag(I), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes are screened against two cancerous cell lines, that revealed significant
activity only for [Cu2Cl2(H4L)2(PPh3)2] after 72 h treatment by the highest tested concentrations. The Copper(I)
complex was characterized by X-ray Crystallography and the NMR spectra, whereas it has been confirmed to have
momentous cytotoxicity against ovarian, breast cancerous cell lines (Caov-3, MCF-7). The apoptosis-inducing
properties of the Cu(I) complex have been investigated through fluorescence microscopy visualization, DNA
fragmentation analysis and propidium iodide flow cytometry.
Marcella Marletta - EU HTA Cooperation Answering National NeedsMarcella Marletta
La presentazione del discorso "EU HTA Cooperation Answering National Needs", tenuto dalla dottoressa Marcella Marletta durante il convegno di Parigi del 29 ottobre.
From obscurity to 21st century model, this franchise was transformed by our team at Allied Carpets and uses contemporary features to gain franchise interest and improve viability
The talk was don at Backend Berlin on December, 21st 2015 at http://www.kaufda.de/ , see http://www.meetup.com/de/backend/events/227266159/
The scripts used during the live data part of the talk are available at https://github.com/sjstoelting/talks/tree/master/no-sql-as-not-only-sql
John Kresevic was the Pi Kappa Alpha Treasurer at Arizona State University in 2006. He was also Vice President of that fraternity in 2007. Kresevic later graduated in 2008 from the same University. He gained a Bachelor’s degree in Marketing, and was a member of the Pi Kappa Alpha American Marketing Association. After college, he started working with Quicken Loans as a Loan Officer. He was remarkable in selling their products; at the age of twenty-seven he was named Director of the Year.
Predictive Value of the Oxidative Stress Indices in Syrian Women with Threate...ijtsrd
After 10 years of increasing conflict and violence in Syria, women face significant challenges associated with lack of adequate access to maternal health services, threatening their lives along with their immediate and long term health outcomes, among them miscarriage, which has been increasing dramatically. Our aim was to assess whether serum total antioxidant TAS capacity and total oxidant status TOS altered during first trimester pregnancies with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain, and to investigate the accuracy of these biomarkers in the prediction of miscarriage. In this cross sectional study, A group of pregnant women with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain n=29 served as patient group and a control group of healthy pregnancies n=30 were included. All of the participants in the two groups were matched for age and gestational age. All pregnant women were recruited from the Khaled Kendel hospital Sarmada, Syria, and Blood samples were collected at 6– 14 weeks from all participants for measurement of oxidative stress markers. The area under curve AUC was used to determine the predictive value of the oxidative stress indices. The mean TOS level was significantly P 0.05 higher in patients whereas mean TAS level was significantly P 0.05 decreased in patient group compared to the control group. The AUC of TOS and TAS were 0.611, 0.895, P= 0.115, 0.001 respectively. The cut off, sensitivity, and specificity of TAS were 0.98, 93.5 and 70.8 respectively. TAS can be used to discriminate between TM and the control subjects sensitivity= 0.956 P 0.0001 . Our analysis of patients presenting with threatened miscarriage in this study presents, imbalance in oxidative stress markers, we recommended supplementing of anti oxidants Throughout pregnancy. finally, Further high quality research in this area is warranted to confirm our results. Ibrahim W. Hasani | Maism. Abdulrazak | Samer Kabba "Predictive Value of the Oxidative Stress Indices in Syrian Women with Threatened Abortion" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35879.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/gynecology/35879/predictive-value-of-the-oxidative-stress-indices-in-syrian-women-with-threatened-abortion/ibrahim-w-hasani
ABSTRACT- Background: Tuberculosis is one of the commonest chronic infectious diseases; highly endemic in India kills five lakh patients every year. Oxidative Stress plays important role in inflammatory and degenerative diseases including pulmonary tuberculosis. There is hardly any one study available in literature correlating oxidative stress, lipid profile values and antioxidant status together with the pulmonary tuberculosis; so we decided to conduct this study.
Methods: Study group included newly diagnosed 50 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and control group included 50, age and sex matched healthy volunteers and employees. All the cases were subjected to complete physical and systemic examinations, routine investigations including Sputum for AFB by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, AFB culture and Chest X-ray and special tests like Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and findings recorded and statistically analysed.
Results: In the study group with 33 males and 17 females, we were found Serum MDA mean ± SD 2.91±0.99; Serum ADA 38.15±13.47, while the mean levels of pleural fluid MDA and ADA in tubercular patients were found to be 1.65+0.53 nmoles/ml and 56.88+22.1 U/L respectively. While in controls with 61 males and 39 females, these values were 1.72±0.45 nmoles/ml (MDA), 20.15± 6.70 U/L (ADA) respectively.
Conclusion: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Adenosine deaminase (ADA) were found statistically significantly higher in study group when compared with control, (p <0.001). Antioxidant plays important role for prevention of pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Key-words- Tuberculosis, Malondialdehyde, Adenosine deaminase, Lipid peroxidation, Oxidative stress
Free radical reactions are expected to produce progressive adverse changes that accumulate with age throughout the body. Such “normal” changes with age are relatively common to all.
However, superimposed on this common pattern are patterns influenced by genetics and environmental differences that modulate free radical damage.
These are manifested as diseases at certain ages determined by genetic and environmental factors.
Cancer and atherosclerosis, two major causes of death, are salient “free radical” diseases. Cancer initiation and promotion is associated with chromosomal defects and oncogene activation. It is possible that endogenous free radical reactions, like those initiated by ionizing radiation, may result in tumor formation.
Study of Trace Elements Selenium, Copper, Zinc and Manganese Level in Polycys...AnuragSingh1049
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women, trace elements play an important role in PCOS, selenium performs various biological functions such as defense against oxidative stress, immune function and thyroid function, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women, trace Elements have important role in PCOS, selenium is involved in many biological functions, such as, protection against oxidative stress, immune function and thyroid function, Copper, zinc and manganese are essential micronutrients that have been integrated into various proteins and metalloenzymes and are active in the metabolic process of cells and in oxidative stress pathways that can lead to oxidative stress.
One hundred and twenty-four of patients' women with poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients and 56 normal ovulatory women participated in the study. Seleniumand serum Copper, zinc and manganese were measured by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).
Oxidative Stress in Aging and Human Diseases - Exploring the MechanismsQIAGEN
Many modern diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver disease, arthritis and neurodegenerative disease are related to aging, and aging is closely linked to oxidative stress. Intensive research is being conducted to understand the antioxidant defense mechanism, the mechanisms of aging itself, as well as their roles in human diseases. This slidedeck provides an update on how oxidative stress is linked to aging and how inflammation leads to aging through DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, cellular senescence and oxidative stress. Recent progress on the health benefits of antioxidants and examination of their potential mechanisms in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases are also covered. Various assay technologies to tackle the complex signaling pathways in this process will be introduced. Learn how you can apply these advanced tools to your research!
Background and objectives: the 5’nucleotidase (5’NT) is one of
hydrolytic enzymes present in different organs which catalyze
hydrolysis of 5’ nucleotides to ribonucleosides and phosphate.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the end product of lipid peroxidation
by oxidative stress (free radicals).
The aim of present study was to measure the serum activity of
5’NT, and MDA concentration in breast tumors.
Material and method: A prospective study was carried out from
May to December 2013 by clinical biochemistry department in
College of Medicine-Hawler Medical University on (30) healthy
female individuals, (group 1) and (30) females with breast tumor
(group 2).
Results: The mean value of serum MDA was significantly higher
in females with breast tumors (group 2), than that of healthy
female individuals, (group 1) (p<0.01),><0.01).
Conclusion: Based on findings of the present study it can be
concluded that breast tumors can cause release of the enzyme
5’NT from tumor cells, and lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen
species (ROS), which cause elevation of MDA.
Nutrients present in Nutrease powder play an important role in maintaining the normal functions of the human body. The major nutrients present in Nutrease powder include Natural carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Besides these, there are some bioactive food components known as “phytonutrients” that play an important role in human health. They have tremendous impact on the health care system and may provide medical health benefits including the prevention and/or treatment of disease and various physiological disorders such as Andropause or Male menopause. Phytonutrients play a positive role by maintaining and modulating immune function to prevent specific diseases. Being natural products, they hold a great promise in clinical therapy. Phytonutrients in Nutrease powder are the plant nutrients with specific biological activities that support human health. Some of the important bioactive phytonutrients in Nutrease powder include polyphenols, terpenoids, resveratrol, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, carotenoids, limonoids, glucosinolates, phytoestrogens, phytosterols, anthocyanins, and probiotics. They play specific pharmacological effects in human health such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-spasmodic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, neuroprotective, hypotensive, diabetes, osteoporosis, CNS stimulant, analgesic, protection from UVB-induced carcinogenesis, immuno-modulator, and carminative. This article reviews the current available scientific literature regarding the effect of Nutrease powder as an effective supplementation in Male & Female Fertility.
Effect of Selenium in Treatment of Male Infertility by Mossa M Morbat, Azzawi M Hadi* and Dekhel H Hadri in Experimental Techniques in Urology & Nephrology
Role of serum trace elements magnesium, copper and zinc, level in Libyan pati...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Beneficial Effects of Curcumin Inmaternal and Fetal Oxidativestress and Brain...Prof. Hesham N. Mustafa
This study was planned to explore the protective role of curcumin (Cur) against maternal and fetal oxidative stress and cerebral damage induced by lead (Pb) during pregnancy. Positively pregnant female rats were divided into seven groups: control group, Cur group (300 mg/kg of Cur/b.wt.), DMSO group (50% DMSO), two Pb-treated groups (exposed to 160 and 320 mg/kg b.wt./day of Pb acetate, respectively), and two groups treated with both Pb and Cur (exposed to Pb as previous groups together with 300 mg/kg b.wt./day of Cur). Treatments through oral gavage once a day started from gestation day 1 (GD1) till day 20 (GD20), where the mother rats of different experimental groups were sacrificed to obtain the fetuses. Different chemical parameters were assessed. Brain specimens of mother and fetal groups were processed with examination. The results displayed that Pb administration to pregnant rats resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity for both mothers and fetuses. Also, there was a significant rise in lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in the brains of the different Pb-treated groups. The histological examination of the brain of treated dams and fetuses showed marked alterations. Co-treatment of Cur along with Pb caused a significant decrease in Pb levels as compared with those treated with Pb alone, improving the oxidative condition with amelioration of the brain’s histopathological changes. Co-administration of Cur could have ameliorative effect against Pb-induced neurotoxicity through the reduction of oxidative stress and reversal of histopathological changes.
Keywords:
Lead; Oxidative Stress; Brain; curcumin; Fetal toxicity
1. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
175Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men
1
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
,2
Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.,
1
Dep.of chemistry-Coll.of Education/Univ. of Tikrit. 2
Dep.of chemistry-Coll.of
Education/Univ of Sammura.
E-mail: Ehssan_Bioch@Yahoo.com
Abstract:
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to examine the published literature on the
role of copper and malondialdehyde levels in seminal plasma of oligospermic, with
normopermic men.Methods: The present study was conducted at Baquba Medical Hospital
and a few commercial pathological laboratories in Diyala.. The patients attended the clinical
with the complaint of infertility and were the male partner of married couples. The study was
conducted from November 2011 to January 2012. And the infertility clinics were visited
regularly to collect samples and relevant information of infertile subjects over the period at
this time. 100 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Male
subjects (23-42) years age with a mean±SDS=32.4±4.4 years There were 20 patients with
oligospermia. Another twenty (25) fertile Iraqi men within a similar age group were studied
as control. The control samples were treated similarly as the test samples. Copper in sample
was assayed by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique. Malondialdehyde
was measured calorimetrically using thiobarbituric acid assay which detects thiobarbituric
acid reactive substances. Results: Seminal plasma copper level decreased non-significantly in
the oligozoospermic group compared to the control group. Whereas,. On the other hand,
malondialdehyde levels which is an end product of lipid peroxidation were significantly
elevated (p=0.000) in all the infertility groups studied.
Conclusions: Inorganic elements such as Copper work in different ways in order to maintain
normal environment for spermatozoa for normal fertilization to occur.
Keywords: Inorganic elements infertility, oxidative stress, sperm dysfunction
2. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
176Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
اﻟﺠﮭﺪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺿﻰ اﻟﺒﻼزﻣﺎاﻟﻤﻨﻮﯾﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺤﺎس وﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻛﺴﺪي
دﯾﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ
اﻟﺨﻼﺻﮫ:
اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﮫ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻟﻼﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﻤﻨﻮﯾﮫ اﻟﺒﻼزﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﯾﮭﯿﺪ واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻮﻧﺪاي اﻟﻨﺤﺎس ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺟﺪﯾﺪه دراﺳﮫ ﻧﺸﺮ.
اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﮫ:اﻧﺠﺰت اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﮫ اﻟﺪراﺳﮫدﯾﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ وﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮات ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﯿﺎت ﻓﻲ-ﺑﻌﻘﻮﺑﮫ.ﻣﻦ ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺬﯾﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻟﻼﺷﺨﺎص
اول ﺷﮭﺮﺗﺸﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪات ﺣﯿﺚ اﻟﻨﻄﻒ ﺑﻌﺪد ﻧﻘﺺ2011ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﻮن وﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ2012.ﺑﺼﻮره اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج ﺟﻤﻌﺖ ﺣﯿﺚ
دﻗﯿﻘﮫ ﺑﺼﻮره واﻟﻤﮭﻤﮫ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﮫ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ودوﻧﺖ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﮫ.اﻟﻠﺬ اﻻﺷﺨﺺ اﻋﻤﺎر وﺗﺮاوﺣﺖﻟﻠﺪراﺳﮫ ﺧﻀﻌﻮا ﯾﻦ)42-
23. (اﻟﺪراﺳﮫ وﺷﻤﻠﺖ20و اﻟﻨﻄﻒ ﺑﻌﺪد ﻧﻘﺺ ﻟﺪﯾﮭﻢ ﻣﺮﯾﺾ25اﻟﺰواج ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﮫ ﺑﻌﺪ اطﻔﺎل ﻟﺪﯾﮭﻢ اﺻﺤﺎء ﺷﺨﺺ.واﻟﺬﯾﻦ
اﻟﻤﺮﺿﯿﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ واﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﺎﻟﯿﻞ ﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺧﻀﻌﺖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﯿﻄﺮه ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﮫ اﻋﺘﺒﺮوا.ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﮫ ﺗﻢ ﻋﻨﺼﺮاﻟﻨﺤﺎس
اﻟﻠﮭﺒﻲ اﻟﺬري اﻻﻣﺘﺼﺎص ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺔ.واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻮﻧﯿﮫ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﮫ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﮫ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺪﯾﮭﯿﺪ ﻟﻮﻧﺪاي.اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﮫ:اﻟﺒﻼزﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺤﺎس ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
اﻟﻨﻄﻒ ﻗﻠﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﯿﮫ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﮫ ﻓﻲ اھﻤﯿﮫ ذي ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﮫ اﻟﻤﻨﻮﯾﮫ.اﻟﺪﯾﮭﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻮﻧﺪاي ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ اظﮭﺮ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ)ﻛﺪﻟﯿﻞ
ﺗﺎﻛﺴﺪي(ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎ اظﮭﺮ.اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج:ﺑﻄﺮق ﯾﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻟﻨﺤﺎس اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮاﻟﻼﻋﻀﻮﯾﮫاﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﮫ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺎظ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﮫ
ﻣﻀﺎدﺗﺎﻛﺴﺪي ﻛﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﻄﻒ
Introduction:
Since the first appearance of human on earth infertility has been one the most controversial
medical and social issues. Some civilizations considered it to be a punishment, while others
thought of it as illness. Some blamed it on the female; others could not explain it. Infertility is
a common clinical problem, leading approximately one of six couples in the UK to seek
professional advice.[1] Some cases of male infertility are due to anatomical abnormalities
such as varicoceles, ductal obstructions or ejaculatory disorders and others cases such as male
urologic or genital infections, Drug addictions. Obesity ,Hormonal and Environmental.[21]
One of Some causes of male infertility Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to
have an important role in the normal functioning of a reproductive system and in the
pathogenesis of infertility. ROS may also play a role in other reproductive organ diseases.
Oxidative stress develops when there is an imbalance between the generation of ROS and the
scavenging capacity of antioxidants in the reproductive tract. It affects both natural and assisted
fertility. Because assisted reproductive techniques are used extensively in the treatment of
infertility, it is critical to understand the in-vitro conditions that affect fertilization and embryo
development. Treatments that reduce oxidative stress may help infertility that is caused by this
imbalance[2].
Several powerful oxidants are produced during the course of metabolism, in both blood
cells and most other cells of the body[3]; these include superoxide (O2.-), hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2), peroxyl radicals (ROO.) and hydroxyl radical (OH.) and are referred to as reactive
oxygen species (ROS). Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms that have an unpaired
electron.[4] Chemical compounds and reactions capable of generating potential toxic oxygen
species can be referred to as pro-oxidants.[5] On the other hand, compounds and reactions
disposing of these species, scavenging them, suppressing their formation, or opposing their
actions are antioxidants and include compounds such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
(NADPH), glutathione, ascorbic acid and vitamin E. In a normal cell, there is an appropriate
pro-oxidant: antioxidant balance[6-7].
However, this balance can be shifted toward the pro-oxidants when the production of
oxygen species is greatly increased (eg, following ingestion of certain chemicals or drugs) or
when levels of antioxidants are diminished (e.g. by inactivation of enzymes involved in the
3. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
177Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
disposal of oxygen species and by conditions that cause low levels of the antioxidants
mentioned above[8]. This state is called “oxidative stress” and can result in serious cell
damage if the stress is massive or prolonged. .Moreover, high levels of ROS are associated
with sperm membrane injury through spontaneous lipid peroxidation[27] and important role
in many types of cell injury, some of which can result in cell death.[9] ROS are free radicals
that play a significant role in many of the sperm physiological processes such as capacitation,
hyperactivation and sperm-oocyte fusion. However, they also trigger many pathological
processes in the male reproductive system, and these processes have been implicated in
cancer of the bladder and prostate as well as in male infertility.[9-10] Spermatozoa are
sensitive to oxidative stress because they lack cytoplasmic defenses.[10-11]
Moreover, the sperm plasma membrane contains lipids in the form of polyunsaturated fatty
acids, which are vulnerable to attack by ROS. ROS, in the presence of polyunsaturated fatty
acids, triggers a chain of chemical reactions called lipid peroxidation.[12-13]
Malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of polyunsaturated fatty acid oxygenation, is a
reliable and commonly used biomarker for assessing lipid peroxidation (18). The
measurement of MDA is based on its reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) to form a
colored MDA-TBA adduct.[14].
Inorganic elements present in the male reproductive system have secured the attention of
many investigation [15-16]. Copper is an essential trace element. It is required in the diet
because it is the metal cofactor for a variety of enzymes (amine oxidase, copper – dependent
superoxide dismutase, cytochrome oxidase and tyrosinase) [17] Copper accepts and donates
electrons and is involved in reactions involving dismutation, hydroxylation and
oxygenation.[18] However, excess copper can cause problems because it can oxidize proteins
and lipids, bind to nucleic acids and enhance the production of free radicals.[18] It is thus
important to have mechanisms that will maintain the amount of copper in the body within
normal limits. Copper after ingested in diet is carried to the liver bound to albumin, then is
taken up by liver cells, and part of it is excreted in the bile. Copper also leaves the liver
attached to ceruloplasmin, which is synthesized in that organ [18-19].
The aim of this study is to find out the relation between oxidative stress and levels of copper
in the seminal fluid from patients with infertility and normaspermic.
Materials and methods:
A case-control study was conducted at Baquba Medical Hospital and a few commercial
pathological laboratories in Diyala , Iraq. After obtaining the approval of the research and
ethics committee of the College of Medicine at Diyala University and written consent from
the patients, 75 infertile patients were enrolled throug Male subjects (23-42) years age with a
mean±SDS=32.4±4.4 years were enrolled throughout this study in the period between The
study was conducted from November 2011 to January 2012.
The patients were without any treatment and had regular unprotected intercourse for at least
12 months without conception with their partners. The wives of the infertile subjects included
had no obvious causes for infertility . Patients who had infertility secondary to infection,
were taking medication, or had a congenital defect and had more than 106
leukocyte/mL in
their semen analysis were excluded from this study. Also, individuals having diabetes or
thyroid diseases, patients who were on antipsychotic or antihypertensive drugs, or taking
4. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
178Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
alcohol, nicotine, vitamins, minerals and antioxidant supplementation within the past three
months were also excluded from the study. 25 healthy donors with proven fertility and had
initiated a successful pregnancy within the last year and had a normal spermiogram at the
time of study were selected as controls. The patients were categorized according to their
seminal fluid analysis parameters to oligozoospermic (n=20).The specimens were collected in
sterile plastic containers by masturbation after an abstinence period of 48-72 hours and were
analyzed within one hour of collection. After allowing the specimen liquefy for 30 minutes,
seminal fluid analysis was performed to measure sperm concentration, normal sperm
morphology, progressive sperm motility in accordance with the recommendations of the
World Health Organization (WHO) [20] The WHO criteria for sperm normality used were as
follows: sperm concentration ≥20 millions/mL of ejaculate, percentage of sperm progressive
motility (a+b) ≥50% and normal sperm morphology ≥30%. Seminal plasma was separated by
centrifugation at 2000 x g for 10 minutes at room temperature. The supernatant was removed
immediately and kept in 20ºC.
Copper in sample was assayed by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique
which depends on the change in energy when the evaporation of the element as exiting the
molecules by using acetylene gas for high-energy and increasing the intensity of light emitted
single wavelength and passes through photo filters then falls on a photo cell and turn into an
electric current and proportional with the light and with quantity of element. The basic
principle is the same as that of much elements determination mentioned above except that the
test wavelength copper is 324.8 nm .Seminal plasma Copper Level(SPCuL) was estimated
using a pye unicam model Sp6 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). This AAS was
adjusted according to the pye unicam AAS instruction.
Operating conditions for copper assessment
Element Lamp
current
(mA)
Detection
limit
(µg/ml)
Wave
length
(nm)
Band
pass
(nm)
Burner
height
(mm)
Air
pressure
(psi)
Acetylene
pressure
(psi)
Air
flow
(L/min
Acetylene
flow
(L/min)
Cu 5 0.003 324.8 0.2 8 30 10 5 1
Starts with aspirating the copper working solution sequentially from the most diluted to the
most concentrated once, keep aspirating until the reading was stable. The resulting values are
used to establish the calibration curve. Measure the absorbance of the sample and compare
against the calibration curve to obtain the copper concentration in the serum.
The amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA)
assay. 100 μl of seminal plasma was diluted with deionized water to 1ml. To each diluted
sample, one-half ml of thiobarbituric acid (0.67%) was added. All tubes were heated in a
boiling water bath for exactly one hour and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1000 x g, then the
supernatant was separated carefully and the absorbance of the pink color formed was measured
at 534 nm against an appropriate blank [14].
5. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
179Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
Results and Discussion
The characteristics of the subjects who participated in this study with their seminal fluid
parameters are listed in Table 1. Table 2 illustrates the seminal plasma copper and
malondialdehyde levels in the oligozoosperia groups.
Table 1. Characteristics of Patients and Sperm parameters
Characteristics of
Patients Oligozoospermia
(n=22)
p value Normozoospermia
(n=25)
p value
Age (year)
32.4±4.4 0.259 290.30±2.30 0.840
Seminal fluid
volume (mL)
3.01±0.88 0.31 4.01±1.10 0.611
Sperm count
(million/mL)
11.10±6.03 0.000 85.85±25.41 --
Sperm
progressive
motility (a+b)%
63.80±5.41 0.140 67.21±12.11 --
Sperm normal
morphology (%)
75.20±18 .21 0.113 65.75±23.78 --
Table 2. Mean Seminal Plasma Copper and Malondialdehyde levels:
Oligospermic
p (n=22
value
Normspermic
(n=25)
p value
Copper
(μg/mL)
163.52±14.77 0.370 172.29±18.3
0
0.000
MAD
(μmole/L)
13.56±0.88 0.000 9.30±1.53 0 0.000
Seminal plasma copper levels correlated positively but not significantly (r=0.21, 0.34; p>0.05)
with normal sperm morphology in the control and oligozoospermic groups respectively, (Figs.
1,2). Malondialdehyde levels showed significant elevation (p=0.000) over normal control
values in the oligozoospermic seminal plasma
samples.
Figure 1. Pearson’s Correlation Plot of Seminal
Plasma Copper levels versus Normal Sperm
Morphology in control group
6. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
180Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
Figure 2. Pearson’s orrelation plot of seminal plasma copper levels versus normal sperm
morphology in patients with oligozoospermia
Copper is involved in oxidation- reduction reactions and has a dominant role in divers
proteins such as cytochrome oxidase and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase. [22]
The seminal plasma MDA level measured in this study was 9.26 ±1.53 μM in control group,
12.56±0.88 μM in the oligozoospermia group. These results were different from those
obtained by Zarghami et al. in 2005 and by Hsieh et al. in 2006.[23-24] Oligozoospermia
were associated with higher seminal plasma MDA activity (p=0.000). Increased MDA
activity could represent the pathologic lipid peroxidation of the spermatozoa membrane and
the following inhibition of sperm motility and viability.[25] A positive correlation was
found in this study between the seminal plasma MDA concentration and sperm
concentration (r=0.206; p>0.05) in the oligozoospermic group and this finding was
incompatible with the studies of Geva et al. in 1996, Fraczek et al. in 2001 and Kobayashi et
al. in 1991.[25-26] Also from this study, there was no significant correlation between
seminal plasma MDA and sperm progressive motility (data not listed) and this was
inconsistent with the study conducted by Suleiman et al. in 1996.[27] The positive
association (r=0.21, 0.34 ; p>0.05) between seminal plasma copper and normal sperm
morphology in the control and oligozoospermic groups respectively may indicate that
copper ion is essential for maximal superoxide dismutase activity which is considered as the
principal antioxidant enzyme that may lead to less free radical formation during the
spermatogenesis process and to increased normal sperms formed in morphology.
Conclusions:
Elevated oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of male infertility.
Inorganic elements such as Copper work in different ways in order to maintain normal
environment for spermatozoa for normal fertilization to occur.
Recommendations:
1.Study each one of the minerals in details alone to know it’s metabolic Pathway to get it
useful in detection and Treatment.
7. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
181Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
2.Study the influence of some medicine that used to treat many Pathogenesis cases as
anemia,
hypertension, diseases of digestive System, kidneys, heart, and liver, on the level of these
minerals in the blood and other biological fluids.
3.Study the level of these minerals in both male & female in different ages.
4.Study the role of copper in biological processes because it is yet been clearly
established.
5.Evaluation of the oxidative stress in testicular tissues of in infertile animal
model.
Statistical analysis
All values were expressed as means ±SDS. The data were analyzed by using of computer
SPSS
program. Student’s t–test was used to examine the differences between different groups
[16].
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Al-Ebtehal Clinic’s pathological laboratories in Diyala
for its support of this study.
8. Relationship Between Oxidative Stress with Seminal Plasma
Copper levels in Diyala infertile Men.
Ehssan Nassiaf Jassim, M.Sc†
, Abdl-Monain Hamad Majeed, Ph.D.
182Vol: 8 No: 3, July 2012 ISSN: 2222-8373
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