World History Industrial Revolution

1. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Preview
• Main Idea / Reading Focus
• Production before Factories
• Factories and Factory Towns
• The Factory System and Workers
• Quick Facts: Effects of the Factory System
• Factories and Mass Production
Factories and Workers

2. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Reading Focus
• How was production organized before factories?
• What were factories and factory towns like?
• How did the factory system affect workers?
• What was mass production, and what were its effects?
Main Idea
1. The transition from cottage industries changed how people
worked in factories, what life was like in factory towns, labor
conditions, and, eventually, processes within factories.
Factories and Workers

3. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
• Raw materials delivered
• Work done to completion
• Merchant takes product to
market
• Workers controlled schedules,
quality
• Family life revolved around
business
Work in the Home
Production before Factories
• Destruction of equipment
• Time to learn skills
• Physical strength required
• Factory owners took advantage
of drawbacks
Problems for Cottage
Industries

4. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Find the Main Idea
What were some benefits of the cottage
system of production?
Answer(s): workers made decisions about when
to work, rest, and eat, how much to produce;
family could adjust work schedule, all family
members could be involved

5. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Where employees worked
• Major change from cottage industry
• Had to leave home to work
• Hardships for some workers
Life in factory towns
• Towns grew up around factories
• Towns, factories rose near coal mines
• Sanitation poor in many factory towns
2. Working in a factory
• Dangerous work for all
• Long workdays
• Poor factory conditions common
Factories and Factory Towns

6. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Identify Supporting Details
What are some facts that illustrate the
difficulties of factory work?
Answer(s): injuries, long workdays, noise, lack of
ventilation, poor sanitation, inadequate food

7. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Workers in a New Economy
• Wealthy to invest in, own
factories
• Mid-level to run factories
• Low-level to run machines
Changing Labor Conditions
• No government regulation
• Labor unions organized
• Strikes brought change
Cottage Workers’ Unrest
• Handmade goods more
expensive than factory made
• Luddite movement, 1811
• Violence spread, 1812
3. New Class of Workers
• Growth of middle class
• Managers, accountants,
engineers, mechanics,
salesmen
• Economy increased
The Factory System and Workers

8. Section 2The Industrial Revolution

9. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Identify Cause and Effect
How did the factory system affect different
groups?
Answer(s): Different groups that were part of the
factory system became part of the middle class.

10. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
The factory system changed the world of work. In addition, new
processes further changed how people worked in factories.
• Mass production began in
U.S.
• Elements:
– Interchangeable parts
– Assembly line
• Production and repair more
efficient
• Production more swift
Mass Production
• Dramatic increase in
production
• Businesses charged less
• Affordable goods
• More repetitious jobs
• Soon became norm
Effects
Factories and Mass Production

11. Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Summarize
What was mass production?
Answer(s): a system of manufacturing large
numbers of identical items